intensity modulation
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haide Wang ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Jinlong Wei ◽  
Wenxuan Mo ◽  
Yuanhua Feng ◽  
...  

<div>We experimentally demonstrate a C band 100Gbit/s intensity modulation and direct detection entropy-loaded multi-rate Nyquist-subcarrier modulation signal over 100km dispersion-uncompensated link. A record capacity-reach of 10Tbit/s×km is achieved.</div>


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haide Wang ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Jinlong Wei ◽  
Wenxuan Mo ◽  
Yuanhua Feng ◽  
...  

<div>We experimentally demonstrate a C band 100Gbit/s intensity modulation and direct detection entropy-loaded multi-rate Nyquist-subcarrier modulation signal over 100km dispersion-uncompensated link. A record capacity-reach of 10Tbit/s×km is achieved.</div>


Photonics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Kehinde O. Odeyemi ◽  
Pius A. Owolawi

In this paper, the secrecy performance of a mixed free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) integrated satellite-high altitude platform (HAP) relaying networks for terrestrial multiusers with the existence of an eavesdropper is investigated. In this network, FSO is adopted to establish the link between the satellite and HAP for which it experiences Gamma-Gamma distributions under different detection schemes (i.e., heterodyne and intensity modulation direct detection). The transmission between the amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying HAP and terrestrial multiusers is through the RF and is modeled as shadowed-Rician fading distribution. Owning to broadcasting nature of RF link, it is assumed that an eavesdropper attempts to intercept the users’ confidential message, and the eavesdropper link is subjected to Rician distributions. Specifically, the closed-form expression for the system equivalent end-to-end cumulative distribution function is derived by exploiting the Meijer’s G and Fox’s H functions. Based on this expression, the exact closed-form expressions of the system connection outage probability, secrecy outage probability, and strictly positive secrecy capacity are obtained under the different detection schemes at HAP. Moreover, the asymptotic analyze of the system secrecy outage probability is provided to obtain more physical insights. Furthermore, the accuracy of all the derived analytical closed-form expressions is verified through the Monte-Carlo simulations. In addition, the impact of atmospheric turbulence, pointing errors, shadowing severity parameters, and Rician factor are thoroughly evaluated. Under the same system conditions, the results depict that heterodyne detection outperforms the intensity modulation direct detection.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Chuanxin Teng ◽  
Rui Min ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Shijie Deng ◽  
Maosen Li ◽  
...  

The simple and highly sensitive measurement of the refractive index (RI) of liquids is critical for designing the optical instruments and important in biochemical sensing applications. Intensity modulation-based polymer optical fiber (POF) RI sensors have a lot of advantages including low cost, easy fabrication and operation, good flexibility, and working in the visible wavelength. In this review, recent developments of the intensity modulation POF-based RI sensors are summarized. The materials of the POF and the working principle of intensity modulation are introduced briefly. Moreover, the RI sensing performance of POF sensors with different structures including tapered, bent, and side-polished structures, among others, are presented in detail. Finally, the sensing performance for different structures of POF-based RI sensors are compared and discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Dai ◽  
Ben Wang ◽  
Xuemin Cheng ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Junchang Yu

Abstract In order to discuss the application and mode of the forced modulation function in a sensor, the optical fibre emphasis function was established by referring to the geometric method, the tilt factor and the shape factor of the reflecting surface. These were introduced for the first time, and the corresponding mathematical model was established. The method of numerical simulation is systematically studied and multimode optical fibre parameters (including optical fibre of axial spacing, optical fibre core diameter and numerical aperture) are adopted. The reflective surface inclination and shape factors on the RIM–FOS intensity modulation characteristics are studied according to the obtained light quasi-Gaussian distribution model, establishing a general three-intensity modulation function of fibre optic sensor. The results show that the intensity modulation characteristic of specular reflection is obviously better than that of the diffuse reflection surface, and the peak value of the modulation function is five times that of diffuse reflection. The intensity modulation characteristic decreases with increase in the roughness of the reflection surface. The system can not only complete the RIM–FOS characteristic simulation and characteristic testing functions, but can also start-up the test and not be affected by the ambient light interference and power fluctuation of the light source. The test stability is good with high repeatability.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Banaszek ◽  
Michal Jachura ◽  
Piotr Kolenderski ◽  
Mikolaj Lasota

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 102732
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Yanyan Chu ◽  
Xinghu Fu ◽  
Wa Jin ◽  
Guangwei Fu ◽  
...  

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Mingran Zhang ◽  
Guangrui Gu

Acoustic focusing with intensity modulation plays an important role in biomedical and life sciences. In this work, we propose a new approach for simultaneous phase and amplitude manipulation in sub-wavelength coupled resonant units, which has not been reported so far. Based on the equivalent impedance and refractive index modulation induced by the change of geometry, arbitrary amplitude response from 0 to 1 and phase shift from 0 to 2π is realized. Thus, the acoustic focusing with intensity modulation can be achieved via waveguide array. Herein, the focal length can be adjusted by alternating the length of supercell, and the whole system can work in a broadband of 0.872f0–1.075f0. By introducing the coding method, the thermal viscosity loss is reduced, and the wavefront modulation can be more accurate. Compared with previous works, our approach has the advantages of simple design and broadband response, which may have promising applications in acoustic communication, non-destructive testing, and acoustic holography.


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