Evolution of the immunoglobulin M constant region genes of salmonid fish, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus): implications concerning divergence time of species

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Andersson ◽  
Bernardo Peixoto ◽  
Vuokko T�rm�nen ◽  
Takeshi Matsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Salmonid Fish ◽  
Constant Region ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Distribution of Temperature Tolerance Quantitative Trait Loci in Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and Inferred Homologies in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 1443-1456
Author(s):  
Ildiko M L Somorjai ◽  
Roy G Danzmann ◽  
Moira M Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Genome Duplication ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Trait Loci

Abstract We searched for quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting upper temperature tolerance (UTT) in crosses between the Nauyuk Lake and Fraser River strains of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) using survival analysis. Two QTL were detected by using two microsatellite markers after correcting for experiment-wide error. A comparative mapping approach localized these two QTL to homologous linkage groups containing UTT QTL in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Additional marginal associations were detected in several families in regions homologous to those with QTL in rainbow trout. Thus, the genes underlying UTT QTL may antedate the divergence of these two species, which occurred by ∼16 MYA. The data also indicate that one pair of homeologs (ancestrally duplicated chromosomal segments) have contained QTL in Arctic charr since the evolution of salmonids from a tetraploid ancestor 25-100 MYA. This study represents one of the first examples of comparative QTL mapping in an animal polyploid group and illustrates the fate of QTL after genome duplication and reorganization.

Diurnal and nocturnal feeding activity in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2894-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Alanärä ◽  
Eva Brännäs
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Nocturnal Feeding ◽  
Nocturnal Fish

When food is limited and competition for it is high, individual fish may adopt different diel activity patterns. We followed individual feeding activity in groups of 10 Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using a combined self-feeding and PIT-tag system. Food was supplied at low and high rewards to five replicate groups of Arctic char and rainbow trout. Four categories were identified in both species: high-triggering diurnal (diurnal fish with the highest self-feeding activity), low-triggering diurnal, nocturnal, and nontriggering fish. On average, the photophase proportion of the total daily activity was approx 90% in diurnal and approx 20% in nocturnal individuals. Rainbow trout offered high rewards did not show any diel preferences. Diurnal Arctic char and rainbow trout with the highest self-feeding activity were initially larger and had the highest growth rates, indicating a high social position. Nocturnal fish were initially smaller and their proportion of trigger actuations much lower than the high-triggering diurnal fish. These still grew successfully whereas nontriggering fish grew significantly less. Thus, some individuals with a low social status may apply an alternative strategy to attain adequate growth by feeding at night when dominant individuals are less aggressive. This may be referred to as concurrent dualism (diurnalism and nocturnalism).

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