Simultaneous inhibition and induction of compression wood formation by morphactin in artificially inclined stems of Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon)

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamaguchi ◽  
K. Shimaji ◽  
T. Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Compression Wood ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
Simultaneous Inhibition ◽  
Larix Leptolepis Gordon

scholarly journals Identification of a Novel factor, Vanillyl Benzyl Ether, Which Inhibits Somatic Embryogenesis of Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon)

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikihisa Umehara ◽  
Shinjiro Ogita ◽  
Hamako Sasamoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Koshino ◽  
Tadao Asami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Benzyl Ether ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
Larix Leptolepis Gordon

Two stimulatory effects of the peptidyl growth factor phytosulfokine during somatic embryogenesis in Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis Gordon)

Plant Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikihisa Umehara ◽  
Shinjiro Ogita ◽  
Hamako Sasamoto ◽  
Chang-Ho Eun ◽  
Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
Larix Leptolepis Gordon

Morphological Features of Tracheid Tips Associated With Compression Wood Formation in Larix Leptolepis Gord.

IAWA Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Yoshizawa ◽  
Shuichi Matsumoto ◽  
Toshinaga Idei
Keyword(s):  
Compression Wood ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Wood Development ◽  
Tracheid Length ◽  
Ring Compression ◽  
Angular Displacements

Variation in the morphological features of tracheid tips was observed within and among sterns of larch (Larix leptolepis Gord.) with several different angular displacements from the vertical. The formation of compression wood increased with an increasing angle of stern deviation. Decrease in tracheid length occurred with thc development of compression wood within a growth ring. Compression wood also was accompanied by an increase in the occurrence of abnormal tips. Flattened and Lshaped tips of tracheids increased in number with the development of compression wood and the number of smoothly tapered tips decreased, indicating that the intrusive growth between adjacent cells does not proceed smoothIy in compression wood. It is considered that the spatial readjustment of developing cells is restricted in compression wood, and results from the great increase in the rate of cell division. A negative correlation between tracheid length and morphological abnormalities of tracheid tips was found within growth rings, apparently associated with the severity of compression wood development.

scholarly journals The significance of compression wood in restoration of the leader in Pinus sihestris L. damaged by moose (Alces alces). II. Structure of growth rings in regenerating stems in relation to juvenile wood formation

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Molski
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
Wood Compression

The corewood of pine ds very prone to compression wood formation, this changing the whole pattern of the tree ring structure and the siz.es of early and late wood. Compression wood always increases the formation of late wood at the expense of early wood. Tree rings with compression wood are generally wider than those without it, but there occur also tree rings wihout compression wood wider than those in which it is present, formed in the same year and in the same tree.

Intra-Annual Spiral Compression Wood: A Record of Low-Frequency Gravitropic Circumnutational Movement in Trees

IAWA Journal ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank W. Telewski
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Plant Seedlings

The majority of detailed studies on circumnutational growth movements have focused on herbaceous plants or on the primary growth of woody plant seedlings, ignoring completely secondary growth in woody plants. The relatively rapid movement in herbaceous tissues consists of two components: an autonomous growth rhythm and a gravitropic response. Since there is a gravitropic component to circumnutational movement and a gravitropic stimulus can induce compression wood formation, the formation of a compression wood spiral may be expected if there is a circumnutational movement of a woody stern. It is suggested here, that observed spirals of compression wood within annual growth rings in Pinus taeda L. and Abies concolor (Gord. ' Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. represents an annual record of a slower circumnutational growth movement. Data derived from observations of greenhouse- grown 3-year-old Pinus taeda seedlings indicate that there are two distinct circumnutational patterns of different rotation al frequency present in woody plants associated with primary and secondary tissues.

Hydrothermolysis of Flavonoids in Relation to Steaming of Japanese Larch Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ohmura ◽  
S. Ohara ◽  
K. Hashida ◽  
M. Aoyama ◽  
S. Doi
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Larch ◽  
Larix Leptolepis ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Larch Wood ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds

Summary Four flavonoid compounds, ((+)-taxifolin, (+)-aromadendrin, quercetin and (−)-naringenin), from Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis) wood were heated at 170 ℃C for 60 min at pH=3.46 (hydrothermolysis treatment). Alphitonin, four taxifolin steric isomers and quercetin were recovered from the treatment of (+)-taxifolin, and maesopsin, four aromadendrin steric isomers and kaempferol from (+)-aromadendrin. The reaction products from (−)-naringenin were found to be a mixture with (+)-naringenin. Quercetin was not changed by the treatment. Possible pathways for the formation of these products are discussed.

Induction of Compression Wood in Rooted Cuttings of Pseudotsuga Menziesii (MIRB.) Franco by Indole-3-Acetic Acid

IAWA Journal ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Starbuck ◽  
John E. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Auxin Content ◽  
Transverse Gradient ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

A study was conducted to determine if exogenously applied indole-3-acetic acid would stimulate symmetric or asymmetric compression wood formation in stems of rooted cuttings of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Dormant two-year-old rooted cuttings were decapitated one cm below the terminal bud and treated with IAA in lanolin emulsion. Plants treated with IAA at 1 or 10 mg/g concentrations produced up to 25 rows of new xylem cells during the three week treatment period, while control plants produced essentially none. Compression wood formation was greater on the upper (originally adaxial) than on the lower side of the stem. The results support the hypothesis that basal curvature of rooted Douglas-fir cuttings is the result of a system developing a transverse gradient in auxin content in the stem leading to asymmetric compression wood formation.

The nature of reaction wood. VIII. The structure and differentiation of compression wood

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
AB Wardrop ◽  
GW Davies
Keyword(s):  
Compression Wood ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Reaction Wood ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Cell Wall Organization ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organization ◽  
Cytoplasmic Ground Substance

The cell wall organization of tracheids of natural and chemically induced compression wood of Pinus radiata and Actinostrobus pyramidalis has been shown to be the same, and is similar to that established in previous studies of natural compression wood. In the secondary wall only two layers were present. In the second of these there was a well-developed system of helical cavities, separating ribs of cellulose. The ribs of cellulose were parallel to the direction of microfibril orientation; were complex in form; and the cellulose lamellae lay parallel with the wall surface. A well-developed wart structure was present. During the differentiation of compression wood tracheids, the intercellular spaces were formed during the phase of surface enlargement of the differentiating tracheids. At an early stage the intercellular spaces appeared to contain cytoplasmic ground substance. During the development of the layer S1 the cytoplasmic organization was similar to that of normal tracheids, the cells containing a large vacuole with a well-developed tonoplast and plasmalemma. During the development of the layer S2 the cytoplasm contained numerous small vesicles with no large vacuoles, and in many instances the plasmalemma was absent. At the conclusion of the differentiation of the cell the plasmalemma was again present and penetrated the helical cavities of the wall. Compression wood induced by 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) alone, gibberellic acid (GA) alone, or IAA and GA in combination was identical with that formed under natural conditions. The localized lateral application of IAA to vertical stems caused conspicuous bending of the stem as well as compression wood formation.

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