Categorial grammars determined from linguistic data by unification

Studia Logica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech BuszKowski ◽  
Gerald Penn
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Categorial Grammars

Bahasa ‘Ngapak’ sebagai Sarana Konstruksi Budaya Jawa

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Linguistic Anthropology ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Human Speech ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Observed Behavior

Data kebahasaan sering merekam nilai budaya. Hanya saja, data kebahasaan masih belum mendapat perhatian untuk kepentingan analisis terhadap dinamikasosial masyarakat yang bersumber pada nilai-nilai budaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis cerita humor bahasa Jawa Ngapak yang mengandung nilai-nilai budaya dan cara budaya dikonstruksi melalui melalui bahasa humor. Objek kajian tulisan ini adalah wacana humor. Oleh karena wacana humor menggunakan media teks dan tuturan, pendekatan yang digunakan adalah linguistik-antropologi. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa ucapan, tulisan, atau perilaku yang diamati, dengan menggunakan tehnik simak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya sehat, ajaran agama, dan budaya berbagi terhadap sesama ditemukan dalam humor bahasa Jawa Ngapak itu. Budaya-budaya itu dikontruksi melalui bahasa Jawa Ngapak dalam suasana humor menampilkan realitas masyarakat penutur Ngapak. Ini berarti nilai-nilai budaya ditemukan dalam humor, berupa percakapan manusia maupun percakapan tokoh cerita fable, yang dikonstruksi melalui bahasa Jawa Ngapak untuk merefleksikan realitas. Linguistic data that embody cultural values have not been taken into consideration in analyzing social dynamics. The study aimed at investigating Ngapak Javanese humor story which contained cultural values, and how culture was constructed through the language of humor. Therefore, the humonrous discourses became the main object of the research. The method used in this research is a qualitative which produced descriptive data in the form of speech, written, or observed behavior, and supported with listening technique. As humorous discourses used speech and text media, the study utilized a linguistic-anthropology approach. Healthy life culture, religious teachings, and the culture of sharing were found in the Ngapak Javanese humor stories. These cultures were constructed through the language of humor by the Javanese Ngapak community. In addition, the culture constructed through the Ngapak Javanese language in a humorous atmosphere displayed the reality of the Ngapak-speaking community. This can be concluded that cultural values found in humor, in the form of human speech and fable character conversations constructed through the Ngapak Javanese language displayed the reality of social dynamics.

Neography and Word of the Year

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
T. N. Butseva ◽  
Yu. S. Ridetskaya
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language

The article deals with the relationship between the terms «word of the year» and «neologism of the year», and the examples are the words, annually nominating as «word of the year», and neologisms of the last few years. The main research methods are statistical, comparative, and lexicographic description. Usually nomination «Word of the year» presents words, long-existing in the Russian language, borrowings, as well as author’s occasionalisms. The cultural and social aspects prevail in this campaign, while linguistic aspects are not involved. It seems that the verbal image of the year is a more complex and mosaic phenomenon. It can be reconstructed with the help of representative linguistic data scrupulously collected by lexicographers.

Designing Terminology Resources for Environmental Translation

2020 ◽  
pp. 586-615
Author(s):  
Pamela Faber ◽  
Pilar León-Araúz
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
Knowledge Resource ◽  
Maximum Benefit

A well-designed terminological knowledge base is a structured repository of linguistic data, which is enriched with metadata and structured according to specific classification schemes and concept-based analysis. There is now no limit to the quantity and type of information in each entry since the digital age has liberated lexicographical and terminological resources from space constraints. More specifically, a terminological knowledge resource for environmental translators should be tailored to the specific needs of users who work with this multifaceted type of specialized text. Accordingly, the type and configuration of the environmental information should reflect the micro- and macrostructural design of the resource and provide frame-like structures in which concepts and terms are dynamically related to others. Designers must also decide how each type should be accessed and in what sequence. The map of the resource can have an underlying conceptual frame that allows users to derive the maximum benefit from it. This chapter provides an overview of the needs of environmental translators and explains how they can be met in the design of a knowledge resource. This is illustrated by the type and number of data fields, their underlying principles, and their mode of visualization.

Form, Layout, and Specific Potentialities of the Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Script

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-30
Author(s):  
Pascal Vernus
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Hieroglyphic Writing

Egyptian hieroglyphic script is figurative; its signs are images depicting the realia of the pharaonic universe in the same manner as do the figurative arts. To become script signs these images undergo three constraints: calibration, dense and harmonious arrangement, and orientation (i.e. direction of reading). Its figurativity, its flexible manner of engaging with the writing surfaces, and its complex system of encoding the linguistic data provide the hieroglyphic script with important specific potentialities that were carefully exploited in its symbiotic adaptation to objects and monuments and in its enriching the linguistic messages it conveyed with ideological connotations. Egyptian hieroglyphs—but not the very hieroglyphic writing system!—were borrowed in the Meroitic hieroglyphic script and chiefly in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet. Via this alphabet and its Semitic successors, some hieroglyphs are ultimately the ancestors of European characters.

scholarly journals Austronesian and Chinese words for the millets

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Sagart ◽  
Tze-Fu Hsu ◽  
Yuan-Ching Tsai ◽  
Yue-Ie C. Hsing
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern China ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Old Chinese ◽  
Linguistic Data

After reviewing recent evidence from related disciplines arguing for an origin of the Austronesian peoples in northeastern China, this paper discusses the Proto-Austronesian and Old Chinese names of the millets, Setaria italica and Panicum miliaceum. Partly based on linguistic data collected in Taiwan by the authors, proposed Proto-Austronesian cognate sets for millet terms are re-evaluated and the Proto-Austronesian sets are identified. The reasons for the earlier confusion among Old Chinese terms for the millets are explained: the Austronesian term for Panicum miliaceum and one of the Chinese terms for the same plant are shown to obey the sound correspondences between Proto-Austronesian and Chinese, earlier described, under a particular resolution of the phonological ambiguities in the OC reconstruction. Possession of the two kinds of millets (not just Setaria, as previously thought) places the pre-Austronesians in northeastern China, adjacent to the probable Sino-Tibetan homeland.

scholarly journals Linguistic Data Banks and the Technical Translator

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich Krollmann
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Data Banks
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