Pela Gandong for Social Reconciliation and Peacebuilding in Ambon

This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Pela Gandong in the process of social reconciliation and peacebuilding in Ambon. Using a sociocultural approach, this qualitative research attempted to examine the theory of social reconciliation in the peace-building process between two conflicting groups. The data that had been collected in the form of interviews, FGDs, and documentation sources related to pela gandong were qualitatively analyzed. The results of the research showed that structural segregation becomes a barrier to the process of social reconciliation because some communities and local elites still maintained inter-group beliefs about the existence of a common enemy due to past conflicts. Pela gandong played a role in strengthening social reconciliation amid actor antagonisms that were difficult to subside, factions among local elites that were still strong, and people who were still trapped in past traumas. Based on the spirit of pela gandong, the government and civil society, including educational institutions in Ambon, presented a peaceful atmosphere with various initiatives, starting from the formation of multi-ethnic villages, providing facilities and infrastructure for harmony, strengthening the curriculum for local wisdom "Pela Gandong" and “Pendidikan Orang Basudara” (POB), to strengthening interfaith mediation institutions in Maluku: Baku Bae, Maluku Interfaith Institution, and Maluku Interfaith Institution for Humanitarian Action. All of them were an effort to create a peaceful Ambon, make Maluku a laboratory for peace, a learning medium for other regions in Indonesia.

The History of Moslem Intellectuals: A Case Study at UIn Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

This study aimed to explain that the intellectual community who studied at and was born from the state Institute of Islamic Studies Syarif Hidayatullah (IAIN Jakarta) in the 1970s to 1985 were the second-generation intellectuals who had their own characteristics. As the study was library research, the data collection was done by examining deeply the written documents or literatures that were relevant with the problems being investigated. The obtained data were then qualitatively analyzed by comparing and connecting the existing variables; and inferences were drawn from the findings to get an ideal concept of building a good national and state life based on the Islamic substantial values. The results of the study showed that second generation intellectuals became international intellectuals as Islamic historians in Southeast Asia, theologians, political or socio-economic analysts, and activists of Islamic movements. The study also pointed out that it was not only the first generation that made the second generation successful in their career and studies, but many factors on and off campus contributed significantly, and affect the next generations continuously from time to time. Evidently, in their development, discussion activities of intra-or extra campus organizations, talked not only about Islam but also political issues, such as the old order government policies. The study concluded that the second generation of IAIN Jakarta Intellectual community played many roles in Islamic studies in national and international level. It suggested that studies on the same topis with different points of views are still necessary to conduct.

Political and Cultural Islam: A Historical Phenomenon in Indonesia

This article aimed to reveal the periodization of political and cultural Islam in Indonesia from time to time. In its development, political and cultural Islam had become an entity that hadattracted the attention of academics in Indonesia. Both types of Islam have always been part of the history of this nation. Therefore, the periodization of the rounds needs to be disclosed in a neat and measurable manner. This research was qualitative using a historical approach, and the existing data were presented in a descriptive analytical manner. The primary data of the research covered the statutes and bylaw of Islamic parties, such as Partai Syarikat Islam Indonesia (PSII), Masyumi Party, Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) and Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB), while the secondary data were documents of works of Indonesian authors, journals, and online news or articles. The results revealed that the periodization of Indonesian political and cultural Islam started from pre-independence to post-reformation. PSII, Masyumi Party, PPP, PKS and PBB respectively were examples of political Islam that were established in their era. Meanwhile, cultural Islam was patronized by Jam'iyyat al-Khair, Al-Irsyad, Muhammadiyah, Persis and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Both types and groups of the Islam basically had the same goal, namely to carry out Sharia. Therefore, for the political and cultural Islam, the power and sympathy of the people seemed to support the realization of this goal.

The Representation of Health Literacy Level in Millennial Adolescents Healthy Living Behaviour

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of health literacy among millennial adolescents in Indonesia based on gender, education level, and economic status, and their representation in healthy living behaviors. This research used a quantitative approach with a case study analysis method. Respondents are teenagers from 15-18 years old at high school. The questionnaire was distributed to 655 samples, in February-March 2021. The result showed that millennial adolescents had a habit of looking for health information, especially through electronic media. They explored the disease and medication when there were relatives who get ill. They communicated with medical workers and were likely to be interested in modern health information. They were able to analyze and critique health information although it was a simple one. Adolescents did not manage health information systematically because they did not study it deeper. The millennial adolescents had a literacy rate of functional, interactive, and critical in the good categories, but the value of the coefficient of critical literacy levels was low. The factors that influenced this level were a robust economy, excellent education, and female gender identity. The representation of the level of literacy was manifested in an understanding of disease, medication, and healthy lifestyles, simply limited to their needs as adolescents. The suggestion was the need to increase health information maximally; as well as role models for managing health information so that adolescents could implement health practices independently

East and West: The Reconstruction of Linguists Network in the Arabic World

This study focused on linguistic ideas aimed at building linguist networks in the East and West. It made uses of an intellectual historical method. Documents, as books and scientific publications, were used both primary and secondary data. Linguists' writings were regarded as the major source. Historical papers, journals, and books that examine linguistic ideas, commentary on them, and other literatures linked to the subject were considered secondary sources. Re-reading was used to analyze the data received, particularly the aspects that had the most serious issues, were the most apparent, and attracted the most attention from linguists' ideas. This was done in order to come up with complete and critical findings that incorporate facts, hypotheses, and viewpoints. The study found that linguists who were connected in the network of linguistic study centers played an important role in disseminating linguistic ideas, both through the teaching and works of the kitab. This study concluded that Arabic linguistics had grown and developed in Islamic discipline in order to reach the totality of understanding of Lughat al-Tanzīl (al-Qur'ān). In general, the phenomena that stood out in the intellectual network were (a) the phenomenon of continuity and exploration with nuances of strict simāʻ and qiyās, (b) continuity and change with nuances of simāʻ and loose qiyās, (c) new synthesis through ikhtiyār (selection) and intikhāb (choice) processes with philosophical nuances, and (d) critical neo-synthesis with zhāhiriy nuances, which simplify ʻāmil, taʻlīl, and qiyās, ultimately affiliated to the Basrah and Kufa Network.

The Social Events and the Development of Arabic Language in the Early Period of Islam

This paper discussed the social phenomena that occurred during the birth of Islam and its influence on the revolution process in developing the Arabic language. The study was a qualitative research with a descriptive design relying on documents and literature of al-Mujtama'at al-Islamiyah as the primary reference source. This paper showed the social events that accompanied the birth of Islam had an impact and influence on the growth and development of the Arabic language. The social events during the early period of Islam were a great momentum for the revelation of the Qur'an, the entry of Islamic teachings into the Arab ignorant society. The establishment of social interaction relations between Arab and Islamic communities became a powerful event in forming the Arabic language. Thus, the early period of the birth of Islam was a time of transformation in standard Arabic. The events and social phenomena that occurred during the early period of Islam also had implications for the growth process of knowledge originating from Islam. The Arab community had made standard Arabic the primary language in delivering Islamic teachings and the development of science. This paper suggested the need for a further study of the development of the Arabic language viewed from the historical aspect.

Gurutta Junaid Sulaeman’s Political Hijrah: From Fundamental to Moderate Islam

Albeit the research into Junaid Sulaeman as the most famous Islamic Cleric in South Sulawesi was extensively undertaken, little empirical research addressed his political biography. This research aimed to explore his political Hijrah from Islamic fundamentalism to Islamic moderate. This research adopted a biography study design. To collect data, a documentary analysis based on Junaid Sulaeman’s diary and in-depth interview were conducted. The data analysis was carried out thematically using Azra’s and Al-Jauhari’s concept of fundamental and moderate Islam. The research revealed three findings. First, Junaid Sulaeman’s political Hijrah was conducted from Darul Islam toward Golongan Karya party. Second, the factors that drove Junaid Sulaeman’s participation in the political movement included the changing of socio-political context, the breadth and depth of his religious knowledge, the need to get Allah's guidance, and the consideration of dawah. Third, the implications of Junaid Sulaeman's political movement were known from the expansion of his local and national network, as well as the development of socio-religious institutions in Bone. The research concluded that a good cooperation between the ulama and the government could provide more benefits and blessings to the community.

Youth and Social-Media: The Adaptation of Dangdut Koplo Song in Islamic Da’wah

The purpose of this study was to describe the role of youth in adapting dangdut koplo songs to songs that have da’wah value, and the the relationship between popular culture and religion in the adapted songs. Purposively, this qualitative study relied on some lyrics of dangdut koplo songs adapted by the into more religious ones. In analyzing the data, the researcher used the theory of cultural adaptation, social media, and Roland Barthes’ semiotics. The research found out the youth adapted the lyrics from dangdut koplo into religious dangdut by changing the lyrics with the same arrangement. This was done so that people remained familiar with the dangdut music they enjoyed with a touch of religion. The devotional lyrics were characterized by advice, advocating goodness, encouraging people to stay away from evil, loving the prophet more, and social criticism. Regarding the distribution patterns of the adapted songs, there were two dominant media utilized, YouTube channels and Taklim assembly which was usually done by santri and non-santri youth. This showed that in the process of adaptation and dissemination, the adolescents played as an adaptation agent, distribution agent, and agent of change. The study concluded the adapted religious dangdut koplo songs could be an interesting media in the millennial da’wah.

Building Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaah an-Nahdliyah Character as the Pillar of Islamic Moderation in Islamic Boarding School

This research aimed at identifying the Moslems character called Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jamaah an-Nahdliyah (Aswaja) to strengthen the Islamic moderation in Islamic Boarding School. Islamic moderation became an important topic in developing the understanding of diversity in Indonesia. The mixed-method study depended on quantitative and qualitative data sourced from the questionnaire comprising three domains of knowledge, attitude, and the practice of Islamic moderation and in-depth interview with the students, alumni, teachers, and the leaders of Islamic Boarding School. Based on the result of unpaired t-test, the study found out that significance for the knowledge was 0.80, for the attitude was 0.03, for the practice was 0.46, while the total reached 0.36. It also unveiled that it necessary to strengthen the materials of Aswaja in building Aswaja-based Moslems characters in Islamic boarding schools. This study identified eight characters of Aswaja Moslems as the source of material and curriculum development for Islamic Moderation in Islamic Boarding School, including (1) Islamic moderation guidance; (2) the maintenance of togetherness; (3) the acknowledgment of the authorization of fiqh schools; (4) the existence of bid’ah hasanah; (5) the loyal opposition to leaders; (6) the non-liberal method; (7) non-dominance of the truth; (8) the respect to the local wisdom under the standard of ushul fiqh. This study expected to embody the spirit of religious moderation in Indonesia.

The Personality Structure of the Main Character in Marwah Mamduh’s Novel Na’am Ahwâkarya

This study aimed to describe the personality structure of the main character in Marwah Mamdouh’s novel Na'am Ahwaka using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic approach. Marwah Mamdouh presented a fictional story that illustrated the personality structure form, namely the condition of the soul and the emotional outbursts experienced by the character. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method to express the personality structure forms of the main characters in the novel. The obtained research data as words, phrases, sentences, and discourse showed the personality structure of the main characters in the novel. The findings of the research were narratives that showed the structure of personality comprising, first, Id which was a part of the psychology; second, Ego which was the only area of the mind that had contact with the reality; third, Super Ego was the absorption of individuals from combined values and moral values that provide a boundary between the good and bad things. This study concluded that id dominated all the problems experienced by the main character in the novel.