Theoretical and empirical distributions of lengths of disperse surface cracks

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Ignatovich ◽  
G. A. Trokoz ◽  
S. I. Iovenko ◽  
N. V. Grishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Empirical Distributions

THE USE OF XFEM FOR STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR ESTIMATION OF SURFACE CRACKS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Almeida Silva ◽  
Marco Antonio dos Santos ◽  
Gabriel Coêlho
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Intensity Factor ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Factor Estimation

Residual life prediction for surface cracks in complex structural details

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Cruse ◽  
Philip M. Besuner
Keyword(s):  
Life Prediction ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Residual Life Prediction ◽  
Complex Structural

Connections Between Cultures: Using Empirical Distributions for Measuring Cultural Differences

2020 ◽  
pp. 002202212098237
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Messner
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Empirical Distributions ◽  
Leibler Divergence ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
Cross Country

The past few decades have seen an explosion in the interest in cultural differences and their impact on many aspects of business management. A noticeable feature of most academic studies and practitioner approaches is the predominant use of national boundaries and group-level averages as delimiters and proxies for culture. However, this largely ignores the significance that intra-country differences and cross-country similarities can have for identifying psychological phenomena. This article argues for the importance of considering intra-cultural variation for establishing connections between two different cultures. It uses empirical distributions of cultural values that occur naturally within a country, thereby making intracultural differences interpretable and actionable. For measuring cross-country differences, the Gini/Weitzman overlapping index and the Kullback-Leibler divergence coefficient are used as difference measures between two distributions. The properties of these measures in comparison to traditional group-level mean-based distance measures are analyzed, and implications for cross-cultural and international business research are discussed.

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