scholarly journals Experimental study of the inclusiveη-spectrum fromp $$\bar p$$ annihilations at rest in liquid hydrogen

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Adiels ◽  
G. Backenstoss ◽  
I. Bergström ◽  
S. Carius ◽  
S. Charalambous ◽  
...  

Some years ago de Haas and van Alphen showed that the variation of the magnetization of bismuth with field, which is linear at ordinary temperatures, assumes a complicated periodic character at the temperature of liquid hydrogen (20º K) and below. Later, Peierls was able to show theoretically that such an effect was to be expected in general, but that it should be marked only for metals of a special electronic structure such as bismuth. Since this non-linear field dependence of magnetization (which we shall refer to as the de Haas-van Alphen effect) is interesting in itself as a new phenomenon for diamagnetics, and in the light of Peierls's theory could be expected to give information about the electronic structure of bismuth, we have made a further experimental study of it, first confirming the features already found by de Haas and van Alphen and then examining its temperature dependence in greater detail, and and influence of allowing other elements with the bismuth.


An experimental study has been made of the frictional behaviour and of the hardness of solid krypton. It is found that the friction is nearly independent of load over the range investigated. At temperatures close to the melting point the friction is very low and the frictional behaviour is similar to that of ice. When the temperature is well below the melting point the friction is much higher, about u = 0.7, although the surface forces of the van der Waals crystal must be weak. An explanation of this high friction is suggested by the measurements of hardness. These show that the solid is extremely soft at temperatures near the melting point. Even at liquid-hydrogen temperatures, where the creep becomes negligible, the yield pressure is only about 0.3 Kg/mm 2 . Thus large areas of contact are formed between two surfaces which are placed together under load. It is suggested that, as with other plastic solids, the friction is primarily determined by the shearing of these contact areas formed by local plastic flow. An estimate is made of the activation energy for flow, deduced from creep measurements, giving the low value of about 1 to 2 kcal/gmol., and an approximate value of 4 x 10 6 dyn/cm 2 is computed for the critical shear stress of undeformed krypton at liquid-hydrogen temperature.


1960 ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Schmidt ◽  
J. R. Purcell ◽  
W. A. Wilson ◽  
R. V. Smith

Cryogenics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
A. Nakano ◽  
T. Shimazaki ◽  
M. Sekiya ◽  
H. Shiozawa ◽  
A. Aoyagi ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Norio Baba ◽  
Norihiko Ichise ◽  
Syunya Watanabe

The tilted beam illumination method is used to improve the resolution comparing with the axial illumination mode. Using this advantage, a restoration method of several tilted beam images covering the full azimuthal range was proposed by Saxton, and experimentally examined. To make this technique more reliable it seems that some practical problems still remain. In this report the restoration was attempted and the problems were considered. In our study, four problems were pointed out for the experiment of the restoration. (1) Accurate beam tilt adjustment to fit the incident beam to the coma-free axis for the symmetrical beam tilting over the full azimuthal range. (2) Accurate measurements of the optical parameters which are necessary to design the restoration filter. Even if the spherical aberration coefficient Cs is known with accuracy and the axial astigmatism is sufficiently compensated, at least the defocus value must be measured. (3) Accurate alignment of the tilt-azimuth series images.


1962 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Quarrington ◽  
Jerome Conway ◽  
Nathan Siegel
Keyword(s):  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document