Effects of feeding cattle manure on growth performance and carcass characteristics of large white pigs

Abstract This experiment evaluated varying levels of Amarula (Sclerocarya birrea A. Rich) nut cake (ANC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics in pigs. Thirty Large White × Landrace (LW × LR) pigs were stratified by weight (average live weight of 20 ± 5 kg) and randomly allocated to the five experimental diets that contained 0 (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 g ANC/kg DM. Each pig served as a replicate unit, housed individually. Bodyweight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly throughout the trial period. On completion of the growth trial, following a 3-day adaptation, a nutrient digestibility study was conducted over 5 days. Thereafter, pigs were fasted for twelve hours, weighed, slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected for analysis. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment, but ADGs were reduced at ANC levels > 15%, resulting in poor FCR. Protein digestibility was reduced at ANC levels > 15%, while ether extract and fibre levels increased. Warm and cold carcass weights were lower at ANC levels > 15, with improved meat redness and lightness. It was concluded that ANC could replace SBM in the diet of growing pigs at less than 15% inclusion level.

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Dietary inclusion of ensiled avocado oil cake affects growth, nutrient digestion, and carcass characteristics of pigs

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v50i6.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

Author(s):

M.L. Seshoka ◽

P.J. Fourie ◽

A.T. Kanengoni ◽

I.M.M. Malebana ◽

R.S. Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Live Weight ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Large White ◽

Avocado Oil ◽

Conversion Rates ◽

Daily Gain

In this experiment, the effects were evaluated of various dietary inclusion levels of avocado oil cake (AOC) silage on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics in pigs. A mixture of 70% AOC, 25% wheat bran, and 5% sugarcane molasses was ensiled in 200 L drums for 90 days. It was then incorporated at 0%, 3% and 5% in the experimental diets. Twenty-seven Large White cross Landrace (LW x LR) weaner pigs, with an average live weight of 22 kg, were stratified by weight and randomly allocated to the three experimental diets (9 pigs/diet). Pigs were weighed individually each week throughout the trial. Daily feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion rates (FCRs) were recorded. A nutrient digestibility study was carried out on completion of the growth trial. At the end of the experiment, pigs were fasted for twelve hours and weighed to determine the final weight. The pigs were then slaughtered, and carcass samples were collected and analysed. The growth performance of pigs was not affected by diet, irrespective of fibre levels in the AOC silage. However, the addition of 3% AOC silage improved the digestibility of fibre fractions. The weights of the cold carcass, chops, and backfat thickness were reduced with AOC silage addition.

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Performance, Carcass and Relative Organ Weights of Young Boars Fed Graded Dietary Levels of Raw Icacinia manni (Earth Ball)

Journal of Agricultural Research and Development ◽

10.4314/jard.v19i1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

J.S Ekpo ◽

I.M Sam ◽

U.M Okon

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Large White ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Dressing Percentage ◽

Young Boars ◽

Dietary Treatments

A study conducted for a period of fifty (50) days to determine the growth performance, carcass and organ weight of growing boars fed graded dietary levels of raw Icacinia manni tuber meal. Four experimental diets were formulated with Icacinia manni (Earth ball) replacing maize at 0, 5, 10 and 15% levels designated as T1(control), T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Forty-eight (48) young boars (Landrace x Large white) each weighed 7.72+ 0.35kg were assigned to the four dietary treatments and replicated three times of four boars each in a completely randomized design. Carcass traits and relative organs weights were evaluated. These traits were; dressed weight, dressing percentage, head, shank, trotter, belly, thick rib chop, rib chop, loin, chump chop, leg fillet end, Leg shank end, liver, lungs, kidney spleen and heart. The results indicated that apart from T4, diets T1, T2 and T3 did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in terms of feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. This implies that Icacinia manni did not affect growth performance except at 15% level of inclusion Similarly, Pigs fed diets T2 and T3 showed significant (P<0.05) increase in dressed weight, dressing percentage as well as certain primal cuts such as breast, rib chop, loin and chump chop. However, relative organs weight did not differ (P>0.05) across dietary treatments except the lungs in T4 (15%) signifying the non-deleterious effect of raw icacinia manni, at 10%. To attain optimum performance and carcass characteristics in young boars therefore, inclusion of raw Icacinia manni in young boars’ diet at 10 percent is recommended.

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Growth performance and carcass characteristics of two genotypes of growing-finishing pig in three different housing systems

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800052656 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 493-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. H. Guy ◽

P. Rowlinson ◽

J. P. Chadwick ◽

M. Ellis

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Live Weight ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Food Conversion ◽

Large White ◽

Food Conversion Ratio ◽

Genotype 2

AbstractA trial was conducted to compare the growth performance and carcass characteristics of 720 growing pigs housed in one of three different finishing systems: outdoor paddocks, straw yards and fully slatted pens. Two genotypes were used: ‘indoor’ (progeny of Large White ✕ Landrace sows mated to Large White boars) or ‘outdoor’ (progeny of part-Duroc or part-Meishan sows, mated to Large White boars). Groups of 20 pigs were reared from an average of 30 to 80 kg live weight and given ad libitum access to a commercial specification diet. The outdoor genotypes had significantly lower average daily gain than the indoor genotype (682, 673 and 719 g respectively for part-Duroc, part-Meishan and indoor-type pigs, P 0·01). Part-Meishan genotypes had significantly higher backfat levels than the indoor genotype (P 0·05), with an intermediate value for part-Duroc pigs (22·6, 21·1 and 21·8 mm respectively). Values for food conversion ratio were significantly higher for combined outdoor genotype groups when compared with the indoor genotype (2·76 v. jt>2·62, P 0·05). Average daily gains of pigs in straw yards and outdoor paddocks were significantly higher than for those in fully slatted pens (736 and 675 v. 627 g, P 0·01 respectively). Food conversion ratio was similar for pigs in outdoor paddocks and fully slatted pens, but significantly lower for those in straw yards (2·77 and 2·75 v. 2·55, P 0·01 respectively). Backfat depth (P1 + P3mm) was significantly greater for animals finished in straw yards compared to those in outdoor paddocks (22·2 v. 20·6 mm, P 0·05) and intermediate for those finished in fully slatted pens (21·5 mm). Interaction between finishing system and genotype did not occur to any major degree, hence it appears unnecessary to specify a particular genotype for a particular finishing system. It was concluded that pigs of the outdoor genotype had a lower growth performance compared with the indoor genotype. Finishing systems however may have been confounded by other factors so that no clear recommendations can be made as to the optimum finishing system.

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Growth performance, blood metabolic responses, and carcass characteristics of grower and finisher South African Windsnyer-type indigenous and Large White × Landrace crossbred pigs fed diets containing ensiled corncobs1

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas.2014-8067 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 92 (12) ◽

pp. 5739-5748 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. T. Kanengoni ◽

M. Chimonyo ◽

K. H. Erlwanger ◽

B. K. Ndimba ◽

K. Dzama

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

South African ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Metabolic Responses ◽

Large White ◽

Crossbred Pigs

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Effects of zinc source and level on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs1,2

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txz071 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 742-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henrique S Cemin ◽

Corey B Carpenter ◽

Jason C Woodworth ◽

Mike D Tokach ◽

Steve S Dritz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Large White ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Zinc Source ◽

Quadratic Response

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of added Zn source and level on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. A total of 1,980 pigs divided into 2 groups [group 1: 1,008 pigs, TR4 × (Fast Large White × PIC L02) and group 2: 972 pigs, PIC 337 × 1,050], initially 33.3 kg, were used in a 103- or 114-d growth trial in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with 2 sources of added Zn, Zn hydroxychloride (ZnHyd; IntelliBond Z, Micronutrients, Indianapolis, IN) or Zn sulfate (ZnSO4), and 3 levels of added Zn (50, 100, or 150 mg/kg). Diets contained a vitamin-trace mineral premix without added Zn and provided 76 and 162 mg/kg Fe and Cu, respectively. All diets contained 750 FTU/kg phytase. There was a total of 14 replicates per treatment. Pens of pigs were weighed approximately every 2 wk to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio. At the end of the experiment, pigs were transported to a packing plant to determine hot carcass weight (HCW), backfat depth, loin depth, and lean percentage. Overall, there was no evidence (P > 0.10) for interactive effects of added Zn source and level for growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs fed diets with increasing added Zn had a tendency (P = 0.093) for a quadratic response in ADG, with the greatest ADG observed at 100 mg/kg added Zn. There was a linear improvement (P = 0.010) in carcass yield and a quadratic response (P = 0.045) in HCW, with pigs fed 100 mg/kg added Zn having the highest HCW. Pigs fed diets with ZnHyd had improved (P = 0.017) carcass yield and a tendency (P = 0.058) for greater HCW compared with pigs fed ZnSO4. In summary, under the commercial conditions of the study and with diets containing 750 FTU/kg phytase, there were relatively small improvements in ADG of growing-finishing pigs fed added Zn beyond 50 mg/kg. Providing higher levels of added Zn improved carcass characteristics. Zinc source did not influence growth performance, but ZnHyd improved carcass characteristics compared with ZnSO4.

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