Mature tree effect of Acer mono on seedling mortality due to insect herbivory

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Maetô ◽  
Kenji Fukuyama
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Tree Effect ◽  
Acer Mono

Effects of insect herbivory on seedling mortality in restored and remnant tropical forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy J. Kulikowski ◽  
Rakan A. Zahawi ◽  
Karen D. Holl
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Seedling Mortality

scholarly journals Rhyzobius lophanthae Behavior is Influenced by Cycad Plant Age, Providing Odor Samples in a Y-tube Olfactometer

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Marler ◽  
Paris Marler
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Tree Leaves ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Clear Preference ◽  
Armored Scale ◽  
Adult Plants ◽  
Rhyzobius Lophanthae

The scale predator Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell was introduced to Guam and Rota to control invasive Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi armored scale infestations on the native Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill populations. The predator demonstrated a clear preference for A. yasumatsui infesting adult plants, resulting in 100% seedling mortality due to the lack of a biocontrol of the scale on seedlings. A Y-tube olfactometer was employed to determine if scale-infested seedling leaves were less attractive to R. lophanthae than scale-infested mature tree leaves. Five paired combinations of seedling versus mature tree leaves were used. The R. lophanthae adults navigated toward scale-infested and un-infested leaves of adults and seedlings when paired with an empty chamber. However, a clear preference for adult leaves occurred when paired with seedling leaves. The results were unambiguous in charcoal-filtered air, intermediate in unfiltered air from an open laboratory, and most ambiguous when conducted with unfiltered in-situ air. The number of predators that did not make a choice was greatest for in-situ air and least for charcoal-filtered air. These results indicated that the substrate used in olfactometry influenced the results, and interpretations of charcoal-filtered air assays should be made with caution. Volatile chemical cues are involved in R. lophanthae preferring A. yasumatsui located on C. micronesica adults when infested adult and seedling leaves are present.

Cyclanilide Spray Increases Branching in Containerized Whip Production

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Petra Sternberg ◽  
Daniel K. Struve
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Mature Tree ◽  
Lateral Branching ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Second Year ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tree Quality ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract A major goal in the production of tree whips is to produce appropriately sized, well-branched liners with a crown form similar to that of a mature tree. Pruning is used to induce lateral branching. This can result in poor tree quality, reduced growth and the practice is labor intensive. An alternative to mechanical pruning, foliar Cyclanilide® (CYC) sprays at 0, 56, 1 12 and 223 ppm were applied to container grown whips to determine its effect on branching of Amelanchier; Cercis, Malus and Tilia whips. Most species responded to CYC sprays with increased lateral branching if treated during active shoot elongation. Cyclanilide® sprays of 1 12 ppm produced the greatest number of branches. Sprays at 56 ppm resulted in reduced branching (relative to 112 ppm), while sprays of 223 ppm did not increase the number of branches, relative to sprays of 112 ppm, but reduced growth. Cyclanilide® sprays reduced height growth, relative to untreated whips, but did not alter height diameter growth. Cyclanilide® foliar applications to container -grown whips during periods of active shoot elongation increased branching in one-year-old whips that normally do not branch until the second year of production. Further, the origin of lateral branching can be controlled by timing of CYC application. The results indicate that CYC foliar sprays can be an important tool in the production of one-year-old branched whips.

Enhancement of Anticancer Activity of Acer mono by High Pressure Extraction Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung-Hoon Jeong ◽  
Seung-Seop Kim ◽  
Ji-Hye Ha ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
Hak-Ju Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Pressure Extraction ◽  
Acer Mono

NOVEL INSECT HERBIVORY FROM THE LATE CRETACEOUS OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Augusta Maccracken ◽  
◽  
Ian M. Miller ◽  
Conrad C. Labandeira
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Western North America

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physical Barriers to Protect Ponderosa Pine Seedlings from Pocket Gophers

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pipas ◽  
Gary W. Witmer
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Thomomys Talpoides ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Medium Weight ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A 2 yr study on the Rogue River and Mt. Hood National Forests in Oregon evaluated physical barriers for protection of Pinus ponderosa seedlings against damage by Thomomys talpoides. Seedlings protected with one of three weights of: (1) plastic mesh tubing (Vexar®) or (2) sandpapertubing (Durite®) were evaluated against control seedlings. On the Rogue River sites, Vexar® seedlings had the highest survival (62.6%), followed by the controls (59.1%), then Durite® seedlings (17.9%). Gophers were the primary cause of death for the Vexar® seedlings, versus desiccation for the Durite® seedlings. On the Mt. Hood sites, heavyweight Vexar® seedlings had the highest survival (35.4%), medium-weight Durite® seedlings the lowest (2.7%). Seedling mortality caused by gophers was highest for controls (70.2%), followed by light-weight (62.2%) and heavy-weight (53.9%) Vexar® treatments. Overall survival was low (Rogue River = 42%, Mt. Hood = 19.8%). Growth was greatest for the control seedlings but only significantly greater than growth of Durite® seedlings on the Rogue River sites. Growth of seedlings was not compromised by the Vexar® tubing. Although neither type of tubing was highly protective, Vexar® tubes performed better than Durite® tubes. West. J. Appl. For. 14(3):164-168.

Premature losses of leaf area in response to drought and insect herbivory through a leaf lifespan gradient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Mediavilla ◽  
Montserrat Martínez-Ortega ◽  
Santiago Andrés ◽  
Javier Bobo ◽  
Alfonso Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Leaf Lifespan

scholarly journals The influence of two wildfires and biological control agents on the population dynamics of Melaleuca quinquenervia in a seasonally inundated wetland

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Philip W. Tipping ◽  
Melissa R. Martin ◽  
Jeremiah R. Foley ◽  
Ryan M. Pierce ◽  
Lyn A. Gettys
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Sapling Growth

AbstractThe potential of Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake to reinvade cleared areas was evaluated over a 13-yr period that included two wildfires and the introduction of biological control agents. The first wildfire occurred in 1998 and was followed by a mean of 591.5 recruited seedlings m−2. Recruits from that fire were cleared 7 yr later in July 2005 for a second experiment to evaluate seedling recruitment into cleared areas. Seed rain, seedling recruitment and mortality, and sapling growth rates were measured in four plots located around individual large reproductive trees. A second natural wildfire in 2007 burned through those plots, leading to increases in seed rain followed by a pulse in recruitment of 21.04 seedlings m−2, 96.5% fewer than after the 1998 fire. Recruits in half of the plots around each tree were then treated with regular applications of an insecticide to restrict herbivory by biological control agents, while herbivory was not restricted in the other half. There was no difference in seedling mortality between treatments 1,083 d post-fire (2007) with 96.6% seedling mortality in the unrestricted herbivory treatment and 89.4% mortality in the restricted herbivory treatment. Recruits subjected to the restricted herbivory treatment grew taller than those in the unrestricted herbivory treatment, 101.3 cm versus 37.4 cm. Many of the recruits were attacked by the biological control agents, which slowed their growth. Although solitary M. quinquenervia trees retain some capacity to reinvade areas under specific circumstances, there was a downward trend in their overall invasiveness at this site, with progressively smaller recruitment cohorts due to biological control agents. Land managers should prioritize removing large reproductive trees over treating recently recruited populations, which can be left for many years for the biological control agents to suppress before any additional treatment would be needed.

scholarly journals How much leaf area do insects eat? A data set of insect herbivory sampled globally with a standardized protocol

Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele M. Mendes ◽  
Fernando A.O. Silveira ◽  
Carolina Oliveira ◽  
Wesley Dáttilo ◽  
Roger Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Standardized Protocol
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