Calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption: A comparative study

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mone Zaidi ◽  
Karen Fuller ◽  
Peter J. R. Bevis ◽  
Rose E. GainesDas ◽  
Timothy J. Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Osteoclastic Bone Resorption ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

Beta calcitonin gene-related peptide lowers plasma calcium and inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption

Bone ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J.R. Bevis ◽  
M. Zaidi ◽  
C. Lynch ◽  
J. Beacham ◽  
P.M.J. McSheehy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Osteoclastic Bone Resorption ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

scholarly journals Polyethylene Particle-Induced Bone Resorption in α-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-Deficient Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Wedemeyer ◽  
Carl Neuerburg ◽  
Anne Pfeiffer ◽  
Anja Heckelei ◽  
David Bylski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Polyethylene Particle ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Structure-activity relationship of human calcitonin-gene-related peptide

1990 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zaidi ◽  
S D Brain ◽  
J R Tippins ◽  
V Di Marzo ◽  
B S Moonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Human Calcitonin ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Rabbit Skin ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

The calcitonin-calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) gene complex encodes a small family of peptides: calcitonin, CGRP and katacalcin. Calcitonin is a circulating hormone that prevents skeletal breakdown by inhibiting the resorption of bone by osteoclasts. CGRP, a potent vasodilator, is involved in normal regulation of blood flow. The calcitonins structurally resemble the CGRP peptides, and both are known to cross-react at each others' receptors. The present study was undertaken to examine the structural prerequisites for biological activity of the intact CGRP molecule. We therefore prepared eight chymotryptic and tryptic fragments of CGRP and synthesized its acetylated and S-carboxyamidomethylcysteinyl analogues. The analogues were purified by h.p.l.c. and their structures were confirmed by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry. We have examined the effects of structurally modified analogues and fragments of human CGRP in a calcitonin-receptor-mediated assay, the osteoclast bone resorption assay, and in one or two CGRP-receptor-mediated assays, the rabbit skin blood flow assay and the oedema formation assay. The results showed that (1) in the osteoclast bone resorption assay, both CGRP peptides, alpha and beta, were equipotent, and were both at least 1000-fold were both approx. 1000-fold more potent than salmon calcitonin; human calcitonin had no effect; (3) the bis- and N-acetylated CGRP analogues retained reduced levels of biological activity in all assays, whereas S-carboxyamidomethylcysteinyl-human CGRP was without activity; and (4) all tryptic and chymotryptic fragments of CGRP were without biological activity, with the exception of hCGRP-(Ala1-Lys35): this fragment had much reduced activity compared with the intact peptide in inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption and increasing blood flow in the rabbit skin. The results suggest that: (1) calcitonin and CGRP act at distinct receptors to mediate different physiological effects; (2) minor amino acid substitutions, as between the alpha and beta forms of CGRP (these two forms have 94% structural similarity) do not result in differences in biological activity; (3) the intact peptide is required for full biological activity of the CGRP molecule, and even the loss of two amino acids at the C-terminus of the molecule results in a marked decrease in activity; (4) the disulphide bridge appears to play an important role in the interaction of the intact CGRP molecule with its receptor; and (5) the C-terminal region is probably necessary for the peptide to assume the right conformation in the interaction with the receptor.

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