Variability in species richness and guild structure in two species-rich grasslands

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leoš Klimeš ◽  
Jan Wim Jongepier ◽  
Ivana Jongepierová
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Guild Structure

scholarly journals Structure of three subtropical bat assemblages (Chiroptera) in the Andean rainforests of Argentina

Mammalia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano S. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Trophic Guild ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Mist Net ◽  
Yungas Forests

AbstractI evaluated bat assemblages in terms of species richness, relative abundance, trophic guild structure, and seasonal changes at three sites along of the Southern Yungas forests. A total of 854 individuals were captured, representing 25 species of three families, with an effort of 27,138 m of mist net opened per hour. Subtropical assemblages showed a similar structure to those from tropical landmark, with a dominance of frugivorous Phyllostomid; in addition, a few species were abundant, followed by a long tail of less common species. However, subtropical sites differed due to the dominance of the genus

The Croonian lecture, 1995 Natural communities: structure and dynamics

1996 ◽  
Vol 351 (1344) ◽  
pp. 1113-1129 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Ecology ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Natural Communities

A review is undertaken of various concepts in community ecology that relate to observed patterns in nature; these are species richness, diversity, guild structure, niche structure, constancy of structure, succession and the bionomic profile of communities. This understanding may allow us to better predict the effects of changes we are making in our environment.

scholarly journals Spider diversity (Arachnida; Araneae) in different plantations of Western Ghats, Wayanad region, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathima P Shabnam ◽  
Smija M K ◽  
Sruthi Rajeevan ◽  
Puthanpurayil K Prasadan ◽  
Ambalaparambil V Sudhikumar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Western Ghats

The study was conducted to explore the spider diversity in different plantations of Western Ghats Wayanad, Kerala state, India. The investigation was carried out for the period from February 2019 to February 2020. A total of 100 species belonging to 74 genera under 20 families were recorded from the selected habitats. This represents 51% families recorded from the Western Ghats, Kerala. The highest species richness was found in the coffee plantation (site A) with 56 species belonging to 12 families. The tea plantation (site B) recorded 27 species belonging to 11 families. The rubber plantation (site C) showed the lowest species richness with 17 species belonging to ten families. Guild structure analyses of the collected spiders revealed nine functional groups viz.., orb-web builders, stalkers, ambushers, cob-web builders, ground runners, foliage runners, tent web builders, sheet-web builders and funnel web builders. The pattern and the architecture of webs varied among different families. During the period of study, five different web patterns were recorded- orb web, tent web, cob web, sheet web and funnel web. It is concluded that the structure of the vegetation is expected to influence the diversity of spiders in different plantations.

Effects of habitat fragmentation on Amazonian termite communities

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Og Francisco Fonseca de Souza ◽  
Valerie K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Guild Structure ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Ecosystem Fragmentation ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Suitable Group

ABSTRACTIntuitively, termites would seem to be a very suitable group to illustrate effects of ecosystem fragmentation. Being detritivores, they do not control directly the rate at which their resources are available, nor do they restrict the ability of the resources to regenerate. Consequently, termites do not mask the ecosystem depletion caused by fragmentation. With this in mind, we compared the communities of termites in undisturbed Amazonian forest with those of two isolated fragments nearby, aiming to show that the differences observed may have resulted from habitat fragmentation. Dissimilarities between communities in the undisturbed forest suggest natural patchiness in their distribution, which could lead to misinterpretation of the effects of fragmentation. Continuous forest had higher species richness and fewer rare species than the fragments. Guild structure in the forest was biased towards soil-feeding termites, which are subterranean and soft bodied, and therefore more sensitive to variation in microclimate. In the fragments, litterfeeders and species intermediate between soil-feeding and wood-feeding types were numerically more important. Habitats in the forest were more equally used than in the fragments, suggesting habitat unsuitability increased with fragmentation. It is suggested that the community composition of the fragments is a result of the intrinsic patchiness of the original forest and deterministic and stochastic extinctions caused by fragmentation. The need for manipulative experiments to test such ideas is discussed.

Effects of urbanization on butterfly species richness, guild structure, and rarity

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Clark ◽  
J. Michael Reed ◽  
Frances S. Chew
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Guild Structure

Dominance determines fish community biomass in a temperate seagrass ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Matthius Eger ◽  
Rebecca J. Best ◽  
Julia Kathleen Baum
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Community Biomass ◽  
Ecosystem Valuation ◽  
Species Abundances

Biodiversity and ecosystem function are often correlated, but there are multiple hypotheses about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Ecosystem functions such as primary or secondary production may be maximized by species richness, evenness in species abundances, or the presence or dominance of species with certain traits. Here, we combined surveys of natural fish communities (conducted in July and August, 2016) with morphological trait data to examine relationships between diversity and ecosystem function (quantified as fish community biomass) across 14 subtidal eelgrass meadows in the Northeast Pacific (54° N 130° W). We employed both taxonomic and functional trait measures of diversity to investigate if ecosystem function is driven by species diversity (complementarity hypothesis) or by the presence or dominance of species with particular trait values (selection or dominance hypotheses). After controlling for environmental variation, we found that fish community biomass is maximized when taxonomic richness and functional evenness is low, and in communities dominated by species with particular trait values – those associated with benthic habitats and prey capture. While previous work on fish communities has found that species richness is positively correlated with ecosystem function, our results instead highlight the capacity for regionally prevalent and locally dominant species to drive ecosystem function in moderately diverse communities. We discuss these alternate links between community composition and ecosystem function and consider their divergent implications for ecosystem valuation and conservation prioritization.

Functional evenness of bird communities varies along the elevational gradient in Europe: Conservation implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Yanina
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Functional Evenness

ContextThe negative association between elevation and species richness is a well-recognized pattern in macro-ecology. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in functional evenness of breeding bird communities along an elevation gradient in Europe. MethodsUsing the bird data from the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds we estimated an index of functional evenness which can be assumed as a measure of the potential resilience of communities.ResultsOur findings confirm the existence of a negative association between elevation and bird species richness in all European eco regions. However, we also explored a novel aspect of this relationship, important for conservation: Our findings provide evidence at large spatial scale of a negative association between the functional evenness (potential community resilience) and elevation, independent of the eco region. We also found that the Natura2000 protected areas covers the territory most in need of protection, those characterized by bird communities with low potential resilience, in hilly and mountainous areas.ConclusionsThese results draw attention to European areas occupied by bird communities characterized by a potential lower capacity to respond to strong ecological changes, and, therefore, potentially more exposed to risks for conservation.

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