Colorado potato beetle resistance management strategies for transgenic potatoes

1999 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey W. Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Transgenic Potatoes ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle Resistance

scholarly journals Regional differences in gene regulation may underlie patterns of sensitivity to novel insecticides in Colorado potato beetle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galen P. Dively ◽  
Michael S. Crossley ◽  
Sean D. Schoville ◽  
Nathalie Steinhauer ◽  
David J. Hawthorne
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Baseline Sensitivity ◽  
Potato Beetle

AbstractAgricultural insect pests frequently exhibit geographic variation in levels of insecticide resistance, which are often presumed to be due to the intensity of insecticide use for pest management. However, regional differences in the evolution of resistance to novel insecticides suggests that other factors are influencing rates of adaptation. We examined LC50 bioassay data spanning 15 years and six insecticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, spinosad, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, and metaflumizone) for evidence of regional differences in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) baseline sensitivity to insecticides as they became commercially available. We consistently found that CPB populations from the Western USA had the highest baseline sensitivity to novel insecticides, while populations from the Eastern USA had the lowest. Comparisons of gene expression between populations from these regions revealed constitutively elevated expression of an array of detoxification genes in the East, but no evidence of additional induction when exposed to imidacloprid. Our results suggest a mechanism for geographic variation in rates of adaptation to insecticides whereby baseline levels of gene expression determine a population’s response to novel insecticides. These findings have implications for the regional development of insecticide resistance management strategies and for the fundamental question of what determines the rate of adaptation to insecticides.

scholarly journals Modern Techniques in Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) Control and Resistance Management: History Review and Future Perspectives

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kadoić Balaško ◽  
Katarina M. Mikac ◽  
Renata Bažok ◽  
Darija Lemic
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say

Colorado potato beetle, CPB (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say), is one of the most important pests of the potato globally. Larvae and adults can cause complete defoliation of potato plant leaves and can lead to a large yield loss. The insect has been successfully suppressed by insecticides; however, over time, has developed resistance to insecticides from various chemical groups, and its once successful control has diminished. The number of available active chemical control substances is decreasing with the process of testing, and registering new products on the market are time-consuming and expensive, with the possibility of resistance ever present. All of these concerns have led to the search for new methods to control CPB and efficient tools to assist with the detection of resistant variants and monitoring of resistant populations. Current strategies that may aid in slowing resistance include gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi, besides providing an efficient tool for gene functional studies, represents a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly strategy for CPB control. Genetically modified (GM) crops that produce the toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have many advantages over agro-technical, mechanical, biological, and chemical measures. However, pest resistance that may occur and public acceptance of GM modified food crops are the main problems associated with Bt crops. Recent developments in the speed, cost, and accuracy of next generation sequencing are revolutionizing the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and field of population genomics. There is a need for effective resistance monitoring programs that are capable of the early detection of resistance and successful implementation of integrated resistance management (IRM). The main focus of this review is on new technologies for CPB control (RNAi) and tools (SNPs) for detection of resistant CPB populations.

scholarly journals 633 Field Performance of “Transgenic” Potato, with Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle and Viruses

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 556E-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Duncan ◽  
David Hammond ◽  
Jim Zalewski ◽  
John Cudnohufsky ◽  
Wojciech Kaniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Transgenic Potato ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Potato Beetle

After more than 10 years of research, Monsanto scientists have developed improved seed potatoes that are protected from serious pests, including insects and disease. The first commercial products resulting from this effort were NewLeaf ® potatoes derived from `Russet Burbank' and `Atlantic' parents. The NewLeaf® product was commercialized in 1995 and contains a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (variety tenebrionis) (B.t.t.). for the production of the Cry3A protein. Potatoes expressing this gene are completely protected from the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and need no additional chemical protection for this insect pest. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have all determined that these potatoes are the same in safety and nutritional composition as any other `Russet Burbank' and `Atlantic' potatoes. These potatoes have also been approved by Health Canada, Agri-Food Canada and Agriculture Canada and by Japan and Mexico for food use. Commercial growers across North America have experienced outstanding performance while growing NewLeaf® potatoes 3 years in a row. This level of performance is the result of stable, nonsignificant differences in expression of the Cry3A gene. The stable performance, also, is a result of an effective insect resistance management program based on maintaining CPB refuges near NewLeaf ® fields, reducing CPB populations, and monitoring for CPB surviving exposure to NewLeaf® potatoes. In 1998 NewLeaf Y®), conferring resistance to both CPB and potato virus Y, and NewLeaf Plus®, conferring resistance to CPB and potato leafroll virus will be commercially released.

Effect of α-Tomatine and Tomatidine on the Growth and Development of the Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Studies Using Synthetic Diets

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley P. Kowalski ◽  
John M. Domek ◽  
Lind L. Sanford ◽  
Kenneth L. Deahl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Prepupal Stage ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle Resistance

Glycoalkaloids are found throughout the genera Solanum (potato) and Lycopersicon (tomato). Certain glycoalkaloids, i.e., α-tomatine, solanocardenine, and leptine, have been implicated as resistance factors to the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. The allelochemical properties of these glycoalkaloids have primarily been demonstrated by studies in planta, correlating Colorado potato beetle resistance with high levels of foliar glycoalkaloids: solanocardenine in S. neocardenasii, α-tomatine in S. pinnatisectum, and leptine in S. chacoense. Although the evidence that these glycoalkaloids mediate resistance is compelling, controlled analyses of Colorado potato beetle response to purified glycoalkaloids, fed to insects in synthetic diets, are necessary to characterize the allelochemic nature of these compounds. In this study, Colorado potato beetle reared on a meridic, synthetic diet supplemented with increasing concentrations of α-tomatine exhibit retarded growth and delayed development. These effects were evident throughout the insects' development, from egg to prepupal stage. Tomatidine (the aglycone of α-tomatine) has no effect on Colorado potato beetle, suggesting that the tetrasaccharide moiety of the glycoalkaloid is essential for insecticidal activity, consistent with a membrane-lytic mechanism of action.

MATING ABILITY OF COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) MALES FED TRANSGENIC POTATO (SOLANACEAE) FOLIAGE

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Alyokhin ◽  
David N. Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Transgenic Potato ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Transgenic Crop ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Transgenic Potatoes

Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is an important pest of potatoes Solanum tuberosum L. worldwide. To control this insect, commercial growers in North America may increasingly rely on planting transgenic potatoes that express the Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) subsp. tenebrionis Cry3A toxin in their foliage (Whalon and Ferro 1998). Because persistence and distribution of the toxin in these plants are maximized (Perlak et al. 1993), there is strong selection pressure towards development of resistance to the Cry3A toxin in beetle populations (Ferro 1993). One strategy proposed to delay development of resistance is to provide spatial refugia of nontransgenic potatoes to support populations of susceptible individuals sufficient to curtail matings between resistant individuals (Whalon and Ferro 1998). Therefore, it is important that susceptible beetles moving into the transgenic crop from refugia can successfully mate with local resistant beetles. Wierenga et al. (1996) reported that adult beetles that fed continuously on transgenic potatoes since eclosion from pupae did not display any reproductive activity, but that successful reproduction was eventually observed if beetles fed on nontransgenic foliage later. Under field conditions, however, it is more likely that susceptible beetles emerging from pupae in refugia will feed on nontransgenic potatoes before, not after, moving onto transgenic plants. We have recently discovered that under such circumstances female beetles remain reproductive, but with significantly reduced fecundity relative to control females continuously fed on nontransgenic foliage (Alyokhin and Ferro 1999). No such data are currently available for male beetles.

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