Laboratory study related to the production and properties of pig iron nuggets

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anameric ◽  
S. K. Kawatra
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Pig Iron Nuggets

Concept Ship Design for the Iron Nugget Trade

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Miltiadis Kotinis
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Iron Range ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
Freight Rates ◽  
Pig Iron Nuggets ◽  
Iron Nugget

The projected growth in production of pig iron nuggets on the Iron Range of northeastern Minnesota provides new opportunities for marine transportation on the Great Lakes. The shipping of this higher-value commodity necessitates low freight rates and minimum inventory costs. This paper examines viable ship design concepts to provide competitive transportation solutions.

scholarly journals The Microstructure of the Pig Iron Nuggets

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basak Anameric ◽  
S. Komar Kawatra
Keyword(s):  
Pig Iron ◽  
Pig Iron Nuggets

Laboratory and in-situ analysis of comet dust

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
D.E. Brownlee ◽  
A.L. Albee
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
Cometary Material ◽  
Comet Dust

Comets are primitive, kilometer-sized bodies that formed in the outer regions of the solar system. Composed of ice and dust, comets are generally believed to be relic building blocks of the outer solar system that have been preserved at cryogenic temperatures since the formation of the Sun and planets. The analysis of cometary material is particularly important because the properties of cometary material provide direct information on the processes and environments that formed and influenced solid matter both in the early solar system and in the interstellar environments that preceded it.The first direct analyses of proven comet dust were made during the Soviet and European spacecraft encounters with Comet Halley in 1986. These missions carried time-of-flight mass spectrometers that measured mass spectra of individual micron and smaller particles. The Halley measurements were semi-quantitative but they showed that comet dust is a complex fine-grained mixture of silicates and organic material. A full understanding of comet dust will require detailed morphological, mineralogical, elemental and isotopic analysis at the finest possible scale. Electron microscopy and related microbeam techniques will play key roles in the analysis. The present and future of electron microscopy of comet samples involves laboratory study of micrometeorites collected in the stratosphere, in-situ SEM analysis of particles collected at a comet and laboratory study of samples collected from a comet and returned to the Earth for detailed study.

When Apologies for Injustice Matter

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
David De Cremer ◽  
Barbara C. Schouten
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fairness Perceptions ◽  
Organizational Survey ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

The present research examined the idea that the effectiveness of apologies on promoting fairness perceptions depends on how meaningful and sincere the apology is experienced. More precisely, it was predicted that apologies are more effective when they are communicated by an authority being respectful to others. A study using a cross-sectional organizational survey showed that an apology (relative to giving no apology) revealed higher fairness perceptions, but only so when the authority was respectful rather than disrespectful. In a subsequent experimental laboratory study the same interaction effect (as in Study 1) on fairness perceptions was found. In addition, a similar interaction effect also emerged on participants’ self-evaluations in terms of relational appreciation (i.e., feeling valued and likeable). Finally, these self-evaluations accounted (at least partly) for the interactive effect on fairness perceptions.

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