scholarly journals Pseudo-Goldstone dark matter: gravitational waves and direct-detection blind spots

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi Alanne ◽  
Nico Benincasa ◽  
Matti Heikinheimo ◽  
Kristjan Kannike ◽  
Venus Keus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Blind Spots

Abstract Pseudo-Goldstone dark matter is a thermal relic with momentum-suppressed direct-detection cross section. We study the most general model of pseudo-Goldstone dark matter arising from the complex-singlet extension of the Standard Model. The new U(1) symmetry of the model is explicitly broken down to a CP-like symmetry stabilising dark matter. We study the interplay of direct-detection constraints with the strength of cosmic phase transitions and possible gravitational-wave signals. While large U(1)-breaking interactions can generate a large direct-detection cross section, there are blind spots where the cross section is suppressed. We find that sizeable cubic couplings can give rise to a first-order phase transition in the early universe. We show that there exist regions of the parameter space where the resulting gravitational-wave signal can be detected in future by the proposed Big Bang Observer detector.

scholarly journals The gravitational-wave physics

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Gen Cai ◽  
Zhoujian Cao ◽  
Zong-Kuan Guo ◽  
Shao-Jiang Wang ◽  
Tao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
First Order ◽  
Compact Binary ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
The Universe

Abstract The direct detection of gravitational wave by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory indicates the coming of the era of gravitational-wave astronomy and gravitational-wave cosmology. It is expected that more and more gravitational-wave events will be detected by currently existing and planned gravitational-wave detectors. The gravitational waves open a new window to explore the Universe and various mysteries will be disclosed through the gravitational-wave detection, combined with other cosmological probes. The gravitational-wave physics is not only related to gravitation theory, but also is closely tied to fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this review article, three kinds of sources of gravitational waves and relevant physics will be discussed, namely gravitational waves produced during the inflation and preheating phases of the Universe, the gravitational waves produced during the first-order phase transition as the Universe cools down and the gravitational waves from the three phases: inspiral, merger and ringdown of a compact binary system, respectively. We will also discuss the gravitational waves as a standard siren to explore the evolution of the Universe.

Scale-genesis — Origin of gravitational waves

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (31) ◽  
pp. 1844019
Author(s):  
Jisuke Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Background Spectrum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase

We consider two realistic models for a scale invariant extension of the standard model, which couples with a hidden non-Abelian gauge sector. At energies around TeV, the hidden sector becomes strongly interacting, thereby generating a robust energy scale, which is transferred to the standard model sector, triggering the electroweak symmetry breaking. At a finite temperature, i.e. in the early Universe, the generation of the robust energy scale appears as a strong first-order phase transition. We calculate the gravitational wave background spectrum for both models, which is produced by the first-order phase transition. We compare the results with the experimental sensitivity of LISA and DECIGO and find the gravitational wave signal may be detected at DECIGO.

scholarly journals Mapping the shape of the scalar potential with gravitational waves

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (33) ◽  
pp. 1950223
Author(s):  
Mikael Chala ◽  
Valentin V. Khoze ◽  
Michael Spannowsky ◽  
Philip Waite
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase

We study the dependence of the observable stochastic gravitational wave background induced by a first-order phase transition on the global properties of the scalar effective potential in particle physics. The scalar potential can be that of the Standard Model Higgs field, or more generally of any scalar field responsible for a spontaneous symmetry breaking in beyond-the-Standard-Model settings that provide for a first-order phase transition in the early universe. Characteristics of the effective potential include the relative depth of the true minimum [Formula: see text], the height of the barrier that separates it from the false one [Formula: see text] and the separation between the two minima in field space [Formula: see text], all at the bubble nucleation temperature. We focus on a simple yet quite general class of single-field polynomial potentials, with parameters being varied over several orders of magnitude. It is then shown that gravitational wave observatories such as aLIGO O5, BBO, DECIGO and LISA are mostly sensitive to values of these parameters in the region [Formula: see text]. Finally, relying on well-defined models and using our framework, we demonstrate how to obtain the gravitational wave spectra for potentials of various shapes without necessarily relying on dedicated software packages.

scholarly journals Correlated gravitational wave and microlensing signals of macroscopic dark matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Effective Potential ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract Fermion dark matter particles can aggregate to form extended dark matter structures via a first-order phase transition in which the particles get trapped in the false vacuum. We study Fermi balls created in a phase transition induced by a generic quartic thermal effective potential. We show that for Fermi balls of mass, 3 × 10−12M⊙ ≲ MFB ≲ 10−5M⊙, correlated observations of gravitational waves produced during the phase transition (at SKA/THEIA/μAres), and gravitational microlensing caused by Fermi balls (at Subaru-HSC), can be made.

scholarly journals Gravitational wave signals of dark matter freeze-out

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Marfatia ◽  
Po-Yan Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Stochastic Background ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Relic Abundance ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Freeze Out

Abstract We study the stochastic background of gravitational waves which accompany the sudden freeze-out of dark matter triggered by a cosmological first order phase transition that endows dark matter with mass. We consider models that produce the measured dark matter relic abundance via (1) bubble filtering, and (2) inflation and reheating, and show that gravitational waves from these mechanisms are detectable at future interferometers.

scholarly journals Dark Matter production from relativistic bubble walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Azatov ◽  
Miguel Vanvlasselaer ◽  
Wen Yin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Relic Abundance ◽  
Higgs Portal ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Gravitational Background

Abstract In this paper we present a novel mechanism for producing the observed Dark Matter (DM) relic abundance during the First Order Phase Transition (FOPT) in the early universe. We show that the bubble expansion with ultra-relativistic velocities can lead to the abundance of DM particles with masses much larger than the scale of the transition. We study this non-thermal production mechanism in the context of a generic phase transition and the electroweak phase transition. The application of the mechanism to the Higgs portal DM as well as the signal in the Stochastic Gravitational Background are discussed.

scholarly journals Upper limit on first-order electroweak phase transition strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 2150024
Author(s):  
Shehu AbdusSalam ◽  
Mohammad Javad Kazemi ◽  
Layla Kalhor
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Baryon Number ◽  
Transition Strength ◽  
Bubble Wall ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase

For a cosmological first-order electroweak phase transition, requiring no sphaleron washout of baryon number violating processes leads to a lower bound on the strength of the transition. The velocity of the boundary between the phases, the so-called bubble wall, can become ultrarelativistic if the friction due to the plasma of particles is not sufficient to retard the wall’s acceleration. This bubble “runaway” should not occur if a successful baryon asymmetry generation due to the transition is required. Using Boedeker–Moore criterion for bubble wall runaway, within the context of an extension of the Standard Model of particle physics with a real gauge-single scalar field, we show that a nonrunaway transition requirement puts an upper bound on the strength of the first-order phase transition.

scholarly journals Dark Matter as dark dwarfs and other macroscopic objects: multiverse relics?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Gross ◽  
Giacomo Landini ◽  
Alessandro Strumia ◽  
Daniele Teresi
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Macroscopic Objects ◽  
Chandrasekhar Limit ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract First order phase transitions can leave relic pockets of false vacua and their particles, that manifest as macroscopic Dark Matter. We compute one predictive model: a gauge theory with a dark quark relic heavier than the confinement scale. During the first order phase transition to confinement, dark quarks remain in the false vacuum and get compressed, forming Fermi balls that can undergo gravitational collapse to stable dark dwarfs (bound states analogous to white dwarfs) near the Chandrasekhar limit, or primordial black holes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document