scholarly journals Avoided deconfinement in Randall-Sundrum models

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Agrawal ◽  
Michael Nee
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Transition Rate ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
First Order ◽  
Restoration Mechanism ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Very High

Abstract We study first order phase transitions in Randall-Sundrum models in the early universe dual to confinement in large-N gauge theories. The transition rate to the confined phase is suppressed by a factor exp(−N2), and may not complete for N » 1, instead leading to an eternally inflating phase. To avoid this fate, the resulting constraint on N makes the RS effective field theory only marginally under control. We present a mechanism where the IR brane remains stabilized at very high temperature, so that the theory stays in the confined phase at all times after inflation and reheating. We call this mechanism avoided deconfinement. The mechanism involves adding new scalar fields on the IR brane which provide a stablilizing contribution to the radion potential at finite temperature, in a spirit similar to Weinberg’s symmetry non-restoration mechanism. Avoided deconfinement allows for a viable cosmology for theories with parametrically large N. Early universe cosmological phenomena such as WIMP freeze-out, axion abundance, baryogenesis, phase transitions, and gravitational wave signatures are qualitatively modified.

scholarly journals Theoretical uncertainties for cosmological first-order phase transitions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djuna Croon ◽  
Oliver Gould ◽  
Philipp Schicho ◽  
Tuomas V. I. Tenkanen ◽  
Graham White
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Scale Dependence ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Bubble Nucleation ◽  
Perturbative Approach ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
First Order Phase ◽  
Renormalisation Scale

Abstract We critically examine the magnitude of theoretical uncertainties in perturbative calculations of fist-order phase transitions, using the Standard Model effective field theory as our guide. In the usual daisy-resummed approach, we find large uncertainties due to renormalisation scale dependence, which amount to two to three orders-of-magnitude uncertainty in the peak gravitational wave amplitude, relevant to experiments such as LISA. Alternatively, utilising dimensional reduction in a more sophisticated perturbative approach drastically reduces this scale dependence, pushing it to higher orders. Further, this approach resolves other thorny problems with daisy resummation: it is gauge invariant which is explicitly demonstrated for the Standard Model, and avoids an uncontrolled derivative expansion in the bubble nucleation rate.

scholarly journals Cosmological phase transitions: is effective field theory just a toy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Postma ◽  
Graham White
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Effective Field Theory ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract To obtain a first order phase transition requires large new physics corrections to the Standard Model (SM) Higgs potential. This implies that the scale of new physics is relatively low, raising the question whether an effective field theory (EFT) description can be used to analyse the phase transition in a (nearly) model-independent way. We show analytically and numerically that first order phase transitions in perturbative extensions of the SM cannot be described by the SM-EFT. The exception are Higgs-singlet extension with tree-level matching; but even in this case the SM-EFT can only capture part of the full parameter space, and if truncated at dim-6 operators, the description is at most qualitative. We also comment on the applicability of EFT techniques to dark sector phase transitions.

First-order phase transitions in gauge theories

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1906-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Viswanathan ◽  
J. H. Yee
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase

Phase transitions and topological defects

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Topological Defects ◽  
False Vacuum ◽  
First Order ◽  
Broken Symmetries ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
True Vacuum ◽  
First Order Phase

As the early universe cools down, it may perform transitions to phases with more and more broken symmetries. In a first-order phase transition, fields may be trapped in the false vacuum; the rate of the resulting tunneling process to the true vacuum is derived. Phase transitions can lead also to the formation of topological defects. Their structure and the reason for their stability are discussed.

First-order phase transitions in a class of gauge theories

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2563-2566
Author(s):  
Amir Schorr
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase

scholarly journals THE EXACT RENORMALIZATION GROUP AND FIRST-ORDER PHASE TRANSITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1927-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. TETRADIS
Keyword(s):  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Bubble Nucleation ◽  
Nucleation Theory ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
First Order ◽  
Exact Renormalization Group ◽  
First Order Phase

Studies of first-order phase transitions through the use of the exact renormalization group are reviewed. In the first part the emphasis is on universal aspects: We discuss the universal critical behaviour near weakly first-order phase transitions for a three-dimensional model of two coupled scalar fields – the cubic anisotropy model. In the second part we review the application of the exact renormalization group to the calculation of bubble-nucleation rates. More specifically, we concentrate on the pre-exponential factor. We discuss the reliability of homogeneous nucleation theory that employs a saddle-point expansion around the critical bubble for the calculation of the nucleation rate.

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