A Possible Neutron-Antineutron Oscillation Experiment at PF1B at the Institut Laue Langevin

We consider a possible neutron–antineutron (n−n¯) oscillation experiment at the PF1B instrument at Institut Laue Langevin. It can improve the best existing constraint on the transition rate and also allow the testing of the methods and instrumentation which would be needed for a later larger-scale experiment at ESS. The main gain factors over the most competitive experiment, performed earlier at PF1 instrument at ILL, are: a more intense neutron beam and a new operating mode based on coherent n and n¯ mirror reflections. The installation of such an experiment would need a temporary replacement of the existing ballistic neutron guide by a specially designed n/n¯ guide with a gradually increasing cross section and a specially selected coating as well as the development and construction of an advanced n¯ annihilation detector with a high efficiency and low background. The overall gain factor could reach up to an order of magnitude and depends on the chosen experiment configuration.

The Impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program on The Transition Rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School

This study investigates the impact of Indonesia’s School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) on the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and the Difference-in-Differences method. The results showed that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly increases the transition rate from Primary to Junior Secondary School. Meanwhile, the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) is more effective in increasing the transition rate in girls compared to boys. When comparing rural and urban settings, the program is more effective in rural than urban areas. Despite results showing that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) has successfully increased the transition rate from primary to junior secondary school, the program still has several problems, such as inadequate management of the funds and the lack of quality control related to its usage. The three models tested in the study conclude that the School Operational Assistance Program (BOS) significantly improved the overall transition rate from primary to junior secondary school in Indonesia, particularly for girls and rural areas. Acknowledgments. This research is supported by DRPMI Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD) for Lecture Competency Research (RKDU) scheme. We thank our colleagues from the Department of Economics, who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research and we thank “anonymous” reviewers for their so-called insights.

Using high refractive index nanoparticles to inhibition of spontaneous emission

The article discusses the issues of inhibition of spontaneous emission of molecules by using silicon spherical nanoparticles and dimers made from them. It is shown that at different wavelengths of the visible spectral range, the value of the total spontaneous transitions rate in a molecule located at an optimal distance with respect to the structure with silicon nanospheres and at an optimal size of the structure can be up to 5–10 times lower than the transition rate in the case when the nanoparticles are absent.

Neutron-mirror neutron mixing and neutron stars

The oscillation of neutron n into mirror neutron $$n'$$ n ′ , its mass degenerate partner from dark mirror sector, can gradually transform the neutron stars into the mixed stars consisting in part of mirror dark matter. In quark stars $$n-n'$$ n - n ′ transitions are suppressed. We study the structure of mixed stars and derive the mass-radius scaling relations between the configurations of purely neutron star and maximally mixed star (MMS) containing equal amounts of ordinary and mirror components. In particular, we show that the MMS masses can be at most $$M^{\mathrm{max}}_{NS}/\sqrt{2}$$ M NS max / 2 , where $$M^\mathrm{max}_{NS}$$ M NS max is a maximum mass of a pure neutron star allowed by a given equation of state. We evaluate $$n-n'$$ n - n ′ transition rate in neutron stars, and show that various astrophysical limits on pulsar properties exclude the transition times in a wide range $$10^{5}\,\text {year}< \tau _\varepsilon < 10^{15}\,\text {year}$$ 10 5 year < τ ε < 10 15 year . For short transition times, $$\tau _\varepsilon < 10^5$$ τ ε < 10 5 year, the different mixed stars of the same mass can have different radii, depending on their age, which possibility can be tested by the NICER measurements. We also discuss subtleties related with the possible existence of mixed quark stars, and possible implications for the gravitational waves from the neutron star mergers and associated electromagnetic signals.

Fractional order stagnation point flow of the hybrid nanofluid towards a stretching sheet

Fractional calculus characterizes a function at those points, where classical calculus failed. In the current study, we explored the fractional behavior of the stagnation point flow of hybrid nano liquid consisting of TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles across a stretching sheet. Silver Ag and Titanium dioxide TiO2 nanocomposites are one of the most significant and fascinating nanocomposites perform an important role in nanobiotechnology, especially in nanomedicine and for cancer cell therapy since these metal nanoparticles are thought to improve photocatalytic operation. The fluid movement over a stretching layer is subjected to electric and magnetic fields. The problem has been formulated in the form of the system of PDEs, which are reduced to the system of fractional-order ODEs by implementing the fractional similarity framework. The obtained fractional order differential equations are further solved via fractional code FDE-12 based on Caputo derivative. It has been perceived that the drifting velocity generated by the electric field E significantly improves the velocity and heat transition rate of blood. The fractional model is more generalized and applicable than the classical one.

Avoided deconfinement in Randall-Sundrum models

We study first order phase transitions in Randall-Sundrum models in the early universe dual to confinement in large-N gauge theories. The transition rate to the confined phase is suppressed by a factor exp(−N2), and may not complete for N » 1, instead leading to an eternally inflating phase. To avoid this fate, the resulting constraint on N makes the RS effective field theory only marginally under control. We present a mechanism where the IR brane remains stabilized at very high temperature, so that the theory stays in the confined phase at all times after inflation and reheating. We call this mechanism avoided deconfinement. The mechanism involves adding new scalar fields on the IR brane which provide a stablilizing contribution to the radion potential at finite temperature, in a spirit similar to Weinberg’s symmetry non-restoration mechanism. Avoided deconfinement allows for a viable cosmology for theories with parametrically large N. Early universe cosmological phenomena such as WIMP freeze-out, axion abundance, baryogenesis, phase transitions, and gravitational wave signatures are qualitatively modified.

Method of estimating the size of an SPTA with a safety stock

Aim. To modify the classical method [1, 4] that causes incorrect estimation of the required size of SPTA in cases when the replacement rate of failed parts is comparable to the SPTA replenishment rate. The modification is based on the model of SPTA target level replenishment. The model considers two situations: with and without the capability to correct requests in case of required increase of the size of replenishment. The paper also aims to compare the conventional and adjusted solution and to develop recommendations for the practical application of the method of SPTA target level replenishment. Methods. Markovian models [2, 3, 5] are used for describing the system. The flows of events are simple. The final probabilities were obtained using the Kolmogorov equation. The Kolmogorov system of equations has a stationary solution. Classical methods of the probability theory and mathematical theory of dependability [6] were used. Conclusions. The paper improves upon the known method of estimating the required size of the SPTA with a safety stock. The paper theoretically substantiates the dependence of the rate of backward transitions on the graph state index. It is shown that in situations when the application is not adjusted, the rates of backward transitions from states in which the SPTA safety stock has been reached and exceeded should gradually increase as the stock continues to decrease. The multiplier will have a power-law dependence on the transition rate index. It was theoretically and experimentally proven that the classical method causes SPTA overestimation. Constraint (3) was theoretically derived, under which the problem is solved sufficiently simply using the classical methods. It was shown that if constraint (3) is not observed, mathematically, the value of the backward transition rate becomes uncertain. In this case, correct problem definition results in graphs with a linearly increasing number of states, thus, by default, the problem falls into the category of labour-intensive. If the limits are not observed, a simplifying assumption is made, under which a stationary solution of the problem has been obtained. It is shown that, under that assumption, the solution of the problem is conservative. It was shown that, if the application is adjusted, the rate of backward transition from the same states should gradually decrease as the stock diminishes. The multiplier will have a hyperbolic dependence on the transition rate index. This dependence results in a conservative solution of the problem of replenishment of SPTA with application adjustment. The paper defines the ratio that regulates the degree of conservatism. It is theoretically and experimentally proven that in such case the classical method causes SPTA underestimation. A stationary solution of the problem of SPTA replenishment with application adjustment has been obtained. In both cases of application adjustment reporting, a criterion has been formulated for SPTA replenishment to a specified level. A comparative analysis of the methods was carried out.

INFLUENCE OF PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP VALUES ON THE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSITION RATES FROM PRIMARY TO SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KAHURO SUB-COUNTY, MURANGA COUNTY, KENYA

<p>The introduction of free and compulsory secondary education popularly known as 100% transition rate has met many schools unprepared. This has led to many principals facing various leadership challenges such as poor state of physical facilities; inadequate learning and teaching resources; inability to repair or provide learning furniture; inadequate trained teachers and high teacher turnover, low teacher student ration, and lack of supporting services. The study sought to examine the influence of principals’ leadership values on the management of transition rate in Kahuro Sub-County, Murang’a County, Kenya. The study was be guided by the System Theory of von Ludwig (1968) and Situation Leadership Theory as explained by Dr. Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard. The researcher used mixed methodology approach and convergent parallel design. The study targeted 505 respondents comprised of 42 principals, 42 deputy principals, 420 BOM members and one Education Officer in the Sub-County. The researcher used purposive sampling method to sample 127 respondents comprised of 42 Principals, 42 Deputy Principals, 42 BOM Chairmen and the one Education Officer. The study used questionnaires for teachers and interview guides for the Principals, BOM Chairmen and Educational officer to collect data. To ensure reliability, validity, dependability and credibility, a pilot study was conducted in 10% sample size in Kigumo Sub-County. Reliability of the instrument was determined through split-half technique where, if the correlation coefficient (r 0.78 was obtained indicating that instrument was reliable. Content validity through supervisors and expert judgment was done to evaluate clearness of the questions in the research tools. Credibility and dependability were demonstrated through an audit trail, examining the documentation of data, methods, decisions and end product. Quantitative data in the questionnaires was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics while qualitative data obtained from interview guides was analyzed using thematic data analysis. Frequency tables, graphs and pie charts and correlation coefficient statistics was used to present the quantitative data. The qualitative data was presented in form of narratives. The study showed that some schools had large classes, beyond the recommended ratio of 40:1. This could be attributed to the introduction of subsidized public secondary education program. The free schooling enabled those who could not afford education to attend school, increasing enrollments in schools. The study concluded that the curriculum could not be implemented effectively, hence low academic achievement among the learners, prequisite for increased indiscipline in schools which will call for principals in schools to improve their leadership values in order to manage the transition effectively.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0987/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>