Evolutionary history of hoofed mammals during the Oligocene–Miocene transition in Western Europe

AbstractBased on the fossil record, we explore the macroevolutionary relationship between species richness and gigantism in cowries (Cypraeidae), the best-studied family of gastropods, with a global diversity distribution that parallels that of tropical corals, mangroves and seagrasses. We introduce Vicetia bizzottoi sp. nov. based on a Priabonian fossil found in northeastern Italy, the largest documented cowrie found so far and the youngest of a lineage of Eocene Gisortiinae species. The Gisortiinae stratigraphic record in western Europe indicates that species selection favoured large size and armouring of the shell. Palaeoecology and per-stage species richness suggest that gigantism occurred in peripheral habitats with respect to diversity hotspots, where smaller species were favoured. The Eocene–Oligocene boundary was marked by a turnover and the Chattian global warming favoured small-sized species of derived clades. Species selection leading to gigantism is further documented in Miocene lineages of Zoila and Umbilia, in the southern hemisphere, two extant genera distributed at the periphery of modern diversity hotspots, suggesting that the negative relationship between size and diversity is a recurring pattern in the evolutionary history of cowries. This palaeontological evidence is projected onto the existing hypotheses that explain analogous biogeographic patterns in various other taxa. Likewise, body size-species richness negative relationship was possibly driven in cowries by physiological, ecological and life history constraints.

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Systematics and evolutionary history of heavy metal tolerant Thlaspi caerulescens in Western Europe

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology ◽

10.1016/s0305-1978(98)00057-x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 823-838 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Marcus Koch ◽

Klaus Mummenhoff ◽

Herbert Hurka

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Thlaspi Caerulescens ◽

History Of

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The Kvabebi Canidae record revisited (late Pliocene, Sighnaghi, eastern Georgia)

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2017.73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. 1258-1271 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lorenzo Rook ◽

Saverio Bartolini Lucenti ◽

Maia Bukhsianidze ◽

David Lordkipanidze

Keyword(s):

Central Asia ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Niche Partitioning ◽

Early Pleistocene ◽

Raccoon Dog ◽

Late Pliocene ◽

Early Pliocene ◽

First Occurrence ◽

History Of

AbstractUnlike the Asian and North American Pliocene record, fossil occurrences of Canidae in Europe (and Africa) are uncommon and fragmentary. The revision of canid material from the late Pliocene site of Kvabebi (eastern Georgia) revealed the contemporaneous occurrence of three different taxa: (1)Nyctereutes megamastoides(a derived species of the Eurasian Pliocene raccoon dog-like canids); (2)Vulpescf.V.alopecoides(representing the first occurrence of a member of the vulpine taxonV.alopecoides, a species that was the most widespread fox in the early Pleistocene in western Europe); and (3)Eucyonsp. The latter occurrence at Kvabebi completes our knowledge of the late Pliocene evolutionary history of the latest representatives of the genus in Western Europe and Central Asia. Our revision of Kvabebi canids registers a previously undocumented case of established niche partitioning among early Pliocene sympatric Canidae.

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Evidence of post-domestication hybridization and adaptive introgression in Western European grapevine varieties

10.1101/2021.03.03.432021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Freitas ◽

M.A. Gazda ◽

M. Rebelo ◽

A.J. Muñoz-Pajares ◽

C. Vila-Viçosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Study Group ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Genome Resequencing ◽

Adaptive Introgression ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

Whole Genome Resequencing ◽

Historical Periods

ABSTRACTGrapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most significant crops in the world. Today’s richness in grapevine diversity results from a complex domestication history over multiple historical periods. Here, we employed whole genome resequencing to elucidate different aspects of the recent evolutionary history of this crop. Our results support a model in which a central domestication event in grapevine was followed by post-domestication hybridization with local wild genotypes, leading to the presence of an introgression signature in modern wine varieties across Western Europe. The strongest signal was associated with a subset of Iberian grapevine varieties, which show large introgression tracts. We targeted this study group for further analysis, demonstrating how regions under selection in wild populations from the Iberian Peninsula were preferentially passed on to the cultivated varieties by geneflow. Examination of underlying genes suggests that environmental adaptation played a fundamental role in both the evolution of wild genotypes and the outcome of hybridization with cultivated varieties, supporting a case of adaptive introgression in grapevine.

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Evolutionary History of Moles in Western Europe: One Mole May Hide Another!

Biodiversity and Evolution ◽

10.1016/b978-1-78548-277-9.50012-7 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 213-226

Author(s):

Violaine Nicolas ◽

Jessica Martinez-Vargas ◽

Jean-Pierre Hugot

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

History Of

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Originations and Extinctions in Brachiopods

The Paleontological Society Papers ◽

10.1017/s1089332600000991 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 249-258

Author(s):

Paul Copper

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Cold Water ◽

Taxonomic Description ◽

Exponential Increase ◽

History Of ◽

The 1960S ◽

Molecular Relationships ◽

New Generation ◽

Gains And Losses

Broad patterns of originations and extinctions of genera, as well as families and higher groups, have always interested those who study the fossil record (e.g., Sepkoski, 1984). They record an important part of the major changeovers, and thus the dynamics, of marine ecosystems over time (Droser et al., 1996; Droser and Sheehan, 1997). This seems especially true for the Paleozoic, when brachiopods were the dominant shelly animals on the seafloor in tropical, temperate, and even cold water settings. Attempts have also been made to determine turnover patterns at the species level (Patzkowsky and Holland, 1997), though this is a much more difficult task, as the validity of species depends a great deal on the skills of the taxonomist. A similar problem is the comparative analysis of diversification data based on a single continent, e.g., North America, as related to others (Miller, 1997a, b); though Laurentia is probably better studied than most areas except western Europe. The exercise of studying broad-scale generic gains and losses for the brachiopods is at the present time preliminary (only three volumes of the revised Treatise are published). The 1965 Treatise contains fewer than 25% of the genera known in detail and described today, with an almost exponential increase in taxonomic description since the 1960s (Williams, 1996). Since then, there have been dramatic revisions and re-interpretations of the evolutionary history of the major brachiopod families, as a new generation of brachiopod workers arrived and matured. We also have a considerably improved knowledge of molecular relationships within the Brachiopoda (Cohen and Gawthrop, 1996). Sound taxonomy is the fundamental basis for sound theoretical discussion of the nature and origins of major changeovers in phyla such as the Brachiopoda. Unfortunately, there are presently relatively few, active brachiopod specialists, as taxonomy has given way to other, more general interests.

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Review of the Early and Middle Jurassic erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda)

BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin ◽

10.1051/bsgf/2019005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Julien Devillez ◽

Sylvain Charbonnier

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Middle Jurassic ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Western Europe ◽

Early Jurassic ◽

History Of ◽

Recent Species

Erymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are an important component of Mesozoic crustacean faunas in Europe, especially during the Jurassic. The 29 species reported from the Early and Middle Jurassic are the oldest found in Western Europe and North America, and constitute an important part of the evolutionary history of these lobsters. After the review presented here, 24 species are maintained within the genera Eryma Meyer, 1840 (7 species), Palaeastacus Bell, 1850 (5 species), Pustulina Quenstedt, 1858 (2 species) and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928 (9 species). All these species, with the exception of Eryma ventrosum (Meyer, 1835), have a new description and the diagnoses of the genera Eryma, Palaeastacus and Stenodactylina are emended. Four species are transferred to another genus: Palaeastacus numismalis (Oppel, 1862) n. comb., Palaeastacus foersteri (Feldmann, 1979) n. comb. and Stenodactylina guisei (Wright, 1881) were previously assigned to Eryma, and Stenodactylina spinosa (Étallon, 1861) n. comb. was previously assigned to Palaeastacus. Our study shows that Stenodactylina was the most diversified genus in Early – Middle Jurassic, but the fossils of Eryma are more common. Furthermore, Eryma compressum (Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1842) is the emblematic species of Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925 during the end of Early Jurassic and Middle Jurassic in Western Europe (Toarcian – Bathonian). This species includes now Eryma bedeltum (Quenstedt, 1858) in its synonymy. The genus Pustulina is very rare and the specimens show some characteristics on their carapace recalling other erymid genera (an almost sinuous hepatic groove for example), that are absent in more recent species. Finally, we point out that only E. compressum, P. foersteri and Stenodactylina walkerae (Feldmann and Haggart, 2008) are reported outside Europe.

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Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18000274 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Arceneaux

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Behavioral Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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