Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports. Part II: systematic review of the effectiveness of prevention programmes in male athletes

The number of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament injuries is rising at a greater rate than in the adult population, as a result of the increased participation of children and adolescents in sports. This review explores the key presentations, diagnostic and management plans, and prevention methods associated with paediatric anterior cruciate ligament injuries. This injury presents as an acute pop and effusion, with limitations in gait, and can be extremely debilitating. Clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging are used to diagnose the injury. The pivot shift and Lachman test remain the most valid exams when suspecting an anterior cruciate ligament tear. Management of the injury can be surgical or non-surgical depending on the severity of the tear and associated injuries. The surgical approach chosen is determined by the patient's Tanner classification, considering potential damage to the physes of the bone. Management plans should include rehabilitation consisting of strength, proprioception and neuromuscular training, to maximise the patient's recovery. Injury prevention programmes, consisting of strength training and neuromuscular training, should be followed by young athletes to reduce anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Compliance and earlier implementation coupled with an understanding of the biomechanics of anterior cruciate ligament injuries and verbal feedback maximise the benefit of neuromuscular training.

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A systematic review to evaluate exercise for anterior cruciate ligament injuries: does this approach reduce the incidence of knee osteoarthritis?

Open Access Rheumatology Research and Reviews ◽

10.2147/oarrr.s81673 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Monica Maly ◽

Koji Duncan ◽

Jaclyn Chopp-Hurley

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Ligament Injuries ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽

Anterior Cruciate

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The Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries among Competitive Alpine Skiers

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546507301083 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 1070-1074 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

Nicolas Pujol ◽

Marie Philippe Rousseaux Blanchi ◽

Pierre Chambat

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Injury Rate ◽

Ligament Injury ◽

Ligament Injuries ◽

Injury Rates ◽

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ◽

Alpine Skiers ◽

Anterior Cruciate

Background Little is known about the evolution of anterior cruciate ligament injury rates among elite alpine skiers. Purpose To evaluate epidemiologic aspects of anterior cruciate ligament injuries among competitive alpine skiers during the last 25 years. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods Data were collected from elite French national teams (379 athletes: 188 women and 191 men) from 1980 to 2005. Results Fifty-three of the female skiers (28.2%) and 52 of the male skiers (27.2%) sustained at least 1 anterior cruciate ligament injury. The overall anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence was 8.5 per 100 skier-seasons. The primary anterior cruciate ligament injury rate was 5.7 per 100 skier-seasons. The prevalence of reinjury (same knee) was 19%. The prevalence of a bilateral injury (injury of the other knee) was 30.5%. At least 1 additional anterior cruciate ligament surgery (mean, 2.4 procedures) was required for 39% of the injured athletes. Men and women were similar with regard to primary anterior cruciate ligament injury rate (P = .21), career remaining after the injury (P = .44), and skiing specialty (P = .5). There were more anterior cruciate ligament injuries (primary, bilateral, reinjuries) among athletes ranking in the world Top 30 (P < .001). Anterior cruciate ligament-injured athletes had a career length of 7.5 years, whereas athletes with no anterior cruciate ligament injury had a career of 4.5 years (P < .001). Finally, injury rates remained constant over time. Conclusion Anterior cruciate ligament injury rates (primary injury, bilateral injury, reinjury) among national competitive alpine skiers are high and have not declined in the last 25 years. Finding a way to prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury in this population is a very important goal.

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