Change in Land Use Alters the Diversity and Composition of Bradyrhizobium Communities and Led to the Introduction of Rhizobium etli into the Tropical Rain Forest of Los Tuxtlas (Mexico)

ABSTRACTDung beetles attracted to howler monkey (Alouatta palliata) and coati (Nasua narica) dung were studied for an annual cycle in the tropical rain forest of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Pitfall traps set for 24 h month−1 captured 1567 dung beetles of 21 species. The species Canlhidium martinto, Deltochilum pseudoparile and Canthon femoralis accounted for 62% of all individuals captured. While species overlap was high (> 80%) between diurnal and nocturnal samples and between howler monkey and coati dung baits, coati dung attracted species such as C. martinezi, D. pseudoparile and Onthophagus rhinolophus while species such as C. femoralis and Copris laeviceps were numerically dominant at howler monkey dung. Thirteen non-ball rolling dung beetle species and eight ball-rolling species accounted for 43% and for 57% of all beetles captured respectively. Dung beetles were present and active in all months of the year, but occurred in higher numbers between the months of March and October, when temperatures were higher. Relative abundance of howler monkey and coati dung in the rain forest of Los Tuxtlas was estimated at 11.2 g (fresh weight) ha−1 day−1 and at 13.0 g ha−1 day−1 respectively, a seemingly low amount for the large number of scarabs attracted to the dung.

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PENGUKURAN INFILTRASI TANAH BUKIT PINANG-PINANG KAWASAN HUTAN HUJAN TROPIK GUNUNG GADUT PADANG DI LABORATORIUM

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/js.6.2.86-94.2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽

Asmar Asmar ◽

Ricci Enrella

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Natural Disaster ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Water Regulation ◽

Forest Land ◽

Undisturbed Soil

A research about infiltration rate of soils from Pinang-Pinang area, a super wet tropical rain forest gunung Gadut Padang, was conducted in soil laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University. Pinang-pinang area is located in Kecamatan Pauh, in the upper footslope of Gadut mountain, functiong as water regulation for the area down under, especially Padang city. This is caused by the fact that water from the Pinang-Pinang area will fow to the sea through Kuranji river. This area is supposed to be protected to avoid natural disaster in the area down under. This research was aimed to determine infiltration rate of soils under different land use in the Pinang-Pinang region. There were three land use in this area, forest, mixed garden, and bush. Undisturbed soil samples were taken from each land use by using 11-cm in diameter and 40 cm height tubes. Soils samples were tightly closed, and brought into laboratory. Infiltration rate from each soil samples were determined in laboratory. The results showed that mixed garden gave the highest infiltration rate (38.4 cm jam-1) among the land use tested, and then followed by forest land use, and then bush land.Key Words: infiltration, land use, tropical rain forest

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PENCUCIAN BAHAN ORGANIK TANAH PADA TIGA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DAERAH HUTAN HUJAN TROPIS SUPER BASAH PINANG-PINANG GUNUNG GADUT PADANG

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/js.8.1.34-42.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽

Adrinal Adrinal ◽

Arief Fauzan Hakim

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Undisturbed Soil ◽

Physical Laboratory ◽

West Sumatra

Study about soil organic matter (SOM) leaching in soil profiles of tropical rain forest was conducted in Bukit Pinang-Pinang, the upper footslope of Mt. Gadut in West Sumatra, and in Soil Physical laboratory Andalas University Padang. Bukit Pinang-Pinang is located on 480-640 m asl and geographically is between 100°29’40” and 100°30’20 E” as well as between 0°54’55” and 0°55’45”S. This rain forest area is known as a super wet area because it receives high annual rainfall (>3500 mm). The objective of this research was to measure the amount of SOM leached from top soil into the deeper soil. Undisturbed soil samples were taken from three different land uses, forest, bush, and mixed garden, on the top, middle, and foot slopes. Undisturbed soil samples were leached with distilled water as the amount of rainfall accepted in natural condition. The results showed that, land use change from forest into ecosystems of mixed garden (for over 50 years with 100% soil surface coverage and without any cultivation) and bush land (for over 20 years left) did not cause the SOM content in the profiles decreased. Amount of SOM leached from the top 0-10 cm was found greater from mixed garden, then followed by forest on the upper slope, forest on the middle slope, and bush area.Keywords: SOM leaching, land use change, tropical rain forest, bush, mixed garden

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Fruiting and frugivores at a strangler fig in the tropical rain forest of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400000985 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Rosamond Coates-Estrada ◽

Alejandro Estrada

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Alouatta Palliata ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Los Tuxtlas ◽

Tree Crown ◽

Ripe Fruit ◽

Fruit Availability

ABSTRACTDiurnal and nocturnal censuses were conducted on animal visitors at a single strangler Ficus aff. cotinifolia (H.B.K.) tree during the entire period of ripe fruit availability. Fruit fall to the ground was measured with fruit traps, and chemical analyses were conducted on the figs. Fourteen species of birds, four species of nonvolant mammals and two species of bats consumed the figs. Of the total number of ripe figs accounted for during the sampling period (N= 1.9 X 105), 42% fell to the ground, 45% were removed by mammals and 13% by birds. Frugivores such as the howling monkey Alouatta palliata, the cacomistle Bassariscus sumichrasti, the keel-billed toucan Ramphastos sulphuratus and fruit-eating bats removed the largest amounts of figs from the tree and deposited seeds of 13 plant species other than figs below the tree crown.

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Characteristics and Stocks of Soil Nutrient under Various Land Use Types in a Super Wet Tropical Rain Forest Padang, West Sumatra

Journal of Tropical Soils ◽

10.5400/jts.2010.v15i1.55-62 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Hermansah Hermansah ◽

Nofrita Sendi ◽

Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽

Tsugiyuki Matsunaga ◽

Toshiyuki Wakatsuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Land Use Type ◽

Soil Nutrient Status ◽

Land Use Types ◽

West Sumatra

In order to clarify the characteristics and stocks of soil nutrient under various land use types in a super wet tropical rain forest in Padang, West Sumatera. We investigated the nutrient characteristics of the several samples of soils under different land use such as cacao plantation (CP), cinnamon plantation (CMP), mixed garden (MG), and primary forest (PF) in Gadut Mountain, Padang, West Sumatra. The soil nutrient characteristics varied among the different land use types. The range of nutrient characteristics under four land use type were 4.60 – 7.01% and 0.4 – 0.60 % for total carbon and total nitrogen and were 9.80 – 24.59, 0.68 – 2.07 and 0.30 – 0.8 mol (+) kg-1 for Ca, Mg and K, respectively. The highest content of soil nutrient status was found under MG, while the lowest soil nutrient status found at PF. This result indicated that the MG with various vegetation types might contribute in enriching the organic matter in soil. The soil nutrient content such as TN, exchangeable Ca, Mg and K tended to decrease with soil depth of each land use type. However, the sodium (Na) content in soil tended to increase within the soil depth. These were presumably due to evaporation of Na at surface soil within the study area was low. These study results showed that spatially the nutrient properties of soil were closely related to the land use type and management practices. It was suggested that the nutrient characteristics of soils under various land use types in a super wet tropical rain forest region, in Gadut Mountain, Padang West Sumatra were significantly affected by the land use types and land coverage.

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Avian attendance and foraging at army-ant swarms in the tropical rain forest of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400003655 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 281-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Rosamond Coates-Estrada ◽

Alejandro Estrada

Keyword(s):

Rain Forest ◽

Tropical Rain Forest ◽

Foraging Ecology ◽

Bird Species ◽

Central Zone ◽

Los Tuxtlas ◽

Army Ants ◽

Important Species ◽

Army Ant ◽

Oporornis Formosus

ABSTRACTForaging and attendance of birds at army-ant swarm raids were studied in the tropical rain forest of Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. Sixty-eight raiding swarms were intercepted over a four-year period of which 57% were Eciton burchelli and 43% Labidus praedator. A total of 461 birds (37 species/12 families) were recorded at swarms of E. burchelli and 208 birds (34 species/10 families) were recorded at L. praedator swarms. The mean number of bird species detected per swarm was 7.2 at E. burchelli raids and 5.6 at L. praedator raids. Red-throated ant-tanagers (Habia fuscicauda) were most frequently seen at the swarms of both army-ant species. Other important species were the golden-crowned warbler (Basileuterus culicivorus), the white-breasted wood wren (Henicorhina leucosticta) and the Kentucky warbler (Oporornis formosus). Swarms of both army-ant species were active year-round. Birds weighing between 20 and 40 g dominated perches closest to the ground and the central zone of the swarms, richest in animal prey. Birds weighing less than 20 g occupied higher perches and tended to forage in more peripheral zones. At Los Tuxtlas raiding swarms of army ants are important in the foraging ecology of 44 bird species, including 12 North American migrants.

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