Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Following the 2016 West Sumatra and 2018 Palu Earthquakes from GPS and GLONASS Measurements

The study of ionospheric disturbances associated with the two large strike-slip earthquakes in Indonesia was investigated, which are West Sumatra on 2 March 2016 (Mw = 7.8), and Palu on 28 September 2018 (Mw = 7.5). The anomalies were observed by measuring co-seismic ionospheric disturbances (CIDs) using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The results show positive and negative CIDs polarization changes for the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake, depending on the position of the satellite line-of-sight, while the 2018 Palu earthquake shows negative changes only due to differences in co-seismic vertical crustal displacement. The 2016 West Sumatra earthquake caused uplift and subsidence, while the 2018 Palu earthquake was dominated by subsidence. TEC anomalies occurred about 10 to 15 min after the two earthquakes with amplitude of 2.9 TECU and 0.4 TECU, respectively. The TEC anomaly amplitude was also affected by the magnitude of the earthquake moment. The disturbance signal propagated with a velocity of ~1–1.72 km s−1 for the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake and ~0.97–1.08 km s−1 for the 2018 Palu mainshock earthquake, which are consistent with acoustic waves. The wave also caused an oscillation signal of ∼4 mHz, and their azimuthal asymmetry of propagation confirmed the phenomena in the Southern Hemisphere. The CID signal could be identified at a distance of around 400–1500 km from the epicenter in the southwestern direction.

Profitability of Islamic Rural Banks in West Sumatra: Analysis of the Third Party Funds and Financial Ratios

<div class="WordSection1"><p class="abstrak"><em>This research examines the problem of profitability in </em><em>Islamic Rural Bank (BPRS)</em><em> in West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze </em><em>Third Party Funds </em><em>(DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Non Performing Financing (NPF) as determinants that affect Return on Asset (ROA) at BPRS in West Sumatra Province through the intervening variable Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) for the 2015-2020 period. The research method uses descriptive quantitative approach with statistical path analysis through Sobel test. This study uses secondary data obtained from the financial statements of the BPRS. The results showed that DPK, CAR and FDR had no direct effect on the ROA of BPRS in West Sumatra Province for the 2015-2020</em><em> </em><em>period, only NPF had a direct effect on ROA. While indirectly through intervening variables, DPK and NPF have no effect on ROA, only CAR can be mediated by FDR on ROA. This research contributes to enriching knowledge about Islamic banking and can be used as consideration for entities in increasing the profitability of Islamic Rural Bank by looking at the factors that can affect profitability with FDR as the mediating variable.</em><em></em></p><p class="abstrak" align="left"> </p><p class="abstrak">Penelitian mengkaji tentang masalah profitabilitas pada BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis DPK CAR dan NPF sebagai determinan yang mempengaruhi ROA pada BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat melalui intervening variable FDR periode 2015-2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan statistik <em>path analysis</em> melalui uji sobel. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan BPRS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa DPK, CAR dan FDR secara langsung tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap ROA BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat periode 2015-2020, hanya NPF yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap ROA. Sedangkan secara tidak langsung melalui variable intervening, DPK dan NPF tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap ROA, hanya CAR yang mampu dimediasi oleh FDR terhadap ROA. Hasil penelitian ini berkontribusi menambah khazanah ilmu pengetahun tentang perbankan syariah dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi entitas dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah dengan memperhatikan fator-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi profitabilitas dengan FDR sebagai variabel mediasi nya. </p><p class="abstrak"> </p></div>

Aesthetics in nursing practice as experienced by nurses in Indonesia: A phenomenological study

Background: While aesthetics in nursing practice brings out the beauty in nursing, studies regarding how aesthetics are implemented in practice are lacking. Objective: To describe the meanings of aesthetics in nursing practice experienced by nurses in Indonesia. Methods: This qualitative study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological approach based on Gadamerian philosophy. Thirteen nurses were asked to reflect on their experiences of providing aesthetics in their practice through drawing, followed by individual face-to-face interviews. Data were collected in a public hospital in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The interview transcripts and the pictures were analysed following van Manen’s approach. Results: Five thematic categories were revealed: 1) Engaging in caring for persons; 2) Full of compassion; 3) Sympathetic place of care; 4) A joyful time of care; and 5) Distracting the inconvenience in care. Conclusion: Aesthetics in nursing practice is understood and experienced by Indonesian nurses in various ways, not only limited to the visual beauty, cleanness or tidiness of nursing intervention, but are expressed in other ways within caring, including providing care with compassion, applying the art of communication, relieving the pain, and applying innovation in care. These findings can be used to inform nurses in practising aesthetic nursing for enhancing the quality of care. Funding: Faculty of Nursing Research Grant, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand.

Determination of Rice Prices to the Welfare of Petani in West Sumatra Province

The study aims to analyze the influence of rice production, crop dry grain prices (GKP), rice consumption, per capita income and the number of people moderated by rice prices that impact on farmers' well-being. This research method uses a quantitative approach with panel data. The study was conducted in West Sumatra Province in 19 districts / cities with secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of West Sumatra Province in 2013 - 2019. Data analysis uses multiple line regression with panel data.

The Role of Pesantren in Fighting Religious Radicalism in West Sumatra

<p>This article aims to examine the role of <em>pesantren</em> (Indonesian Islamic boarding schools) in West Sumatra in countering religious radicalism. The two <em>pesantren</em> used as case studies are the Pesantren Sumatera Thawalib Parabek Banuhampu and the Perguruan Islam Darul Muwahhidin Panyalaian West Sumatra. This issue is critical to reveal because radicalism targets adults and Islamic boarding school students who are in the process of deepening and understanding religious knowledge. The existence of <em>pesantren</em> in educating students and instilling friendly Islamic values has become a little disturbed by the issue of radicalism which has spread to <em>pesantren</em>. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a historical approach. The reality that occurs in the <em>pesantren</em> is revealed along with the history and background of the establishment of the <em>pesantren</em>. The results of this study indicate that the learning system in <em>pesantren</em> can counteract radicalism through several things, including strengthening the capacity of students, reviewing the curriculum, enlightening teachers and employees regarding radicalism, and having a friendly and tolerant environment for students.</p><p><em>Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran pesantren di Sumatra Barat dalam menangkal paham radikalisme agama. Dua pesantren yang dijadikan studi kasus adalah Pondok Pesantren Sumatra Thawalib Parabek Banuhampu dan Perguruan Islam Darul Muwahhidin Panyalaian Sumatra Barat. Isu ini penting diungkap karena radikalisme ternyata tidak hanya menyasar orang dewasa namun juga santri pesantren yang sedang berproses dalam mendalami dan memahami ilmu agama. Keberadaan pesantren dalam mendidik santri dan menanamkan nilai-nilai Islam yang ramah menjadi sedikit terganggu dengan adanya isu radikalisme telah menjalar ke pesantren. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis, realitas yang terjadi di pesantren diungkap bersamaan dengan histori dan latar belakang berdirinya pesantren. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pembelajaran di pesantren dapat menangkal radikalisme melalui beberapa hal, di antaranya: penguatan kapasitas santri, peninjauan kurikulum, pencerahan bagi guru dan pegawai terkait radikalisme dan adanya lingkungan yang ramah dan toleran bagi santri.</em></p>

The ex-PKI Political Prisoners Motive to Produce the Memories of 1965/66 Mass Violence in West Sumatra

This article analyses ex-PKI political prisoners' motive to produce their memory about mass violence and detention in 1965/66. They joined the YPKP (Yayasan Penelitian Korban Pembunuhan/Institute for Research on the victims 1965/65). In this organization, they expect justice for what they experienced in 1965. This article uses qualitative research. We acquire the data by interview and literature study. There are six interviewers –five of them are ex-PKI political prisoners, and one is the chairman of the YPKP branch in West Sumatra. Besides the interview, we also use relevant books, articles, newspapers, archives, and web pages. We employ the social memory approach to analyse this subject. The ex-PKI political prisoners' memory of violence had shaped the same vision between them to produce the memories of what they have experienced during 1965/66. Therefore, the old ex-political prisoners expected to straighten history to reconcile the government and the victims. They attempt to counter the state narration that mentions they had a part in the 30 September 1965 Movement to hold the coup and prove that the state victimized them for decades. Along with the straightened history, there are two primary purposes in this reconciliation they are fighting for; 1) Confession of the state that human rights violations had taken place; 2) Recovery and rehabilitation for those who had become the victim of human rights violations.

The Meanings of The Philosophy of Symbol of The Patuaekkon Tradition In The Mandailing Muslim Bataknesse Community on The Northern Border of West Sumatra

<p>This article aims to describe the meaning of symbolic philosophy contained in patuaekkon tradition at the wedding of Mandailing Batak Muslim community in Kampung Harapan Village, Pasaman Regency. This research article uses the field research method, in which the researcher collects data directly at the research location to strengthen the results of the philosophical meaning contained in patuaekkon tradition with a descriptive approach. The results of this study indicate that the meaning of symbolic philosophy of patuaekkon tradition consists of water symbolizing purity, kaffir lime symbolizing cleanliness, silunjuang leaves symbolizing self-adjustment, midrib leaf of banana stem and miracle leaves symbolizing peace and tranquility, nacar symbolizing the process of life's journey, ulos symbolizing blessing and affection, onang-onang song as an expression of joy, praise, hope, advice, and prayer. Poda has a meaning as advice in social life, ways to find a good and right livelihood, and habits in life.</p><p><em>Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan makna filosofi simboik yang terkandung dalam tradisi patuakkon pada pernikahan komunitas Muslim Batak Mandailing Perbatasan utara di Kampung Harapan Kabupaten Pasaman. Penelitian artikel ini menggunakan metode field reasearch, dimana peneliti mengumpulkan data-data secara langsung di lokasi penelitian untuk memperkuat hasil makna filosofi yang terkandung dalam tradisi patuaekkon dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa makna filosofi simbolik tradisi patuaekkon terdiri dari air melambangkan kesucian, jeruk purut melambangkan kebersihan, daun silunjuang melambangkan penyusaian diri, pelepah batang pisang dan daun cocor bebek melambangkan kedamaian dan ketentraman, nacar melambangkan proses perjalanan hidup, ulos sebagai makna restu dan kasih sayang, lagu onang-onang sebagai ungkapan kegembiraan, pujian, harapan, nasehat, dan do’a, poda memiliki makna sebagai nasehat dalam berkehidupan sosial, cara-cara mencari penghidupan yang baik dan benar, dan kebiasaan yang dilakukan dalam kehidupan</em></p>

An Acrylamide-degrading Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Volcanic Soi

In soil, polyacrylamide is a key source of acrylamide because it slowly decomposes into acrylamide. There has been a modest but steady rise in worldwide interest in microbe-mediated acrylamide decomposition as a bioremediation method. A bacterial consortium isolated from the volcanic soil of Mount Marapi, West Sumatra, Indonesia, was able to thrive on acrylamide in this study. Acrylamide-degrading bacteria grew best in the presence of 1 %(w/v) glucose with acrylamide as the sole nitrogen source. Optimum growth occurs in between 300 and 500 mg/L of acrylamide, pH between 6.5 and 8.0, and temperatures between 30 and 35 °C. The consortium can also grow on acetamide as the sole nitrogen source. Toxic heavy metals, such as mercury, silver and copper slowed down the growth of this consortium on acrylamide. This is the first report of an acrylamide-degrading consortium isolated from volcanic soils.

The Effect of Gender Equality on Economic Growth In West Sumatera 2017-2020

<p class="abstrak"><em>The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) goal is to support an inclusive and sustainable economy, a full and productive workforce, decent work for all, and gender activities. In 2020, West Sumatra Province was one of the provinces with the 4th highest Gender Development Index (GDI) in Indonesia and was the highest GDI in Sumatra Island. However, West Sumatra’s economic growth tends to decline in the 2017-2020 period. Several studies have shown a positive relationship between gender and economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to get an overview of gender in education, economy, and technology and find information about gender on economic growth in West Sumatra Province for the 2017-2020 period. This study uses panel data regression analysis based on the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data for 2017-2020. The results show that gender in the economic and technological fields has generally decreased in 2017-2020. Gender equality in education, represented by the average length of schooling for women to men, has a significant negative effect. On the other hand, in the health sector, which is represented by the ratio of life expectancy of women to men, it has a significant positive effect on economic growth.</em></p><p class="abstrak"> </p><p class="abstrak">Salah satu tujuan <em>Sustainable Development Goals </em>(SDGs) adalah mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan, tenaga kerja penuh dan produktif, pekerjaan yang layak untuk semua, dan kesetaraan gender. Pada tahun 2020 Provinsi Sumatera Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan nilai Indeks Pembangunan Gender (IPG) tertinggi ke-4 di Indonesia dan merupakan IPG tertinggi di pulau Sumatera. Namun demikian pertumbuhan ekonomi Sumatera Barat cenderung mengalami penurunan dalam periode 2017-2020. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif antara kesetaraan gender dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan melihat gambaran umum terkait kesetaraan gender pada bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi dan teknologi serta menganalisis pengaruh kesetaraan gender terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Sumatera Barat periode 2017-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi data panel berdasarkan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) periode 2017-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum kesetaraan gender pada bidang ekonomi dan teknologi mengalami penurunan pada periode 2017-2020. Kesetaraan gender pada bidang pendidikan yang dalam penelitian ini diwakilkan oleh rasio rata-rata lama sekolah perempuan terhadap laki-laki signifikan berpengaruh negatif. Sebaliknya kesetaraan dalam bidang kesehatan yang diwakilkan dengan rasio angka harapan hidup perempuan terhadap laki-laki signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.</p><p><em><br /></em><em></em></p>

PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI PENGELOLA PERPUSTAKAAN MADRASAH DAN SEKOLAH MELALUI DIKLAT BERKESINAMBUNGAN

Education and training for madrasah and school library managers in the city of Padang to manage existinglibraries should have an educational background in Library Science. In fact, the head of the library is ateacher in the field of study and the library manager is still honorary. Lack of attention from the leadershipso that library managers are not creative because there is no continuous education and training. Thequestionnaire was distributed by the service team to 74 schools and madrasahs in the city of Padang andonly 30 returned questionnaires, where the average school library accreditation score was very low andbelow the standard value of accreditation issued by the Jakarta National Library. This research-basedservice method is Participation Action Research (PAR) which involves parties from the Head of the WestSumatra Provincial Education Office, West Sumatra Provincial Archives and Libraries, the Head of theMinistry of Religion of Padang City is invited as a speaker. From the results of the education and trainingactivities, it is not clear that the policies that will be carried out by leaders and decision makers to advancethe library in a better direction.