Prostate cancer: a comparative study of 11C-choline PET and MR imaging combined with proton MR spectroscopy

A variety of Magnetic Resonance (MR) and nuclear medicine (NM) techniques have been used in symptomatic and presymptomatic SCA2 gene carriers to explore, in vivo, the physiopathological biomarkers of the neurological dysfunctions characterizing the associated progressive disease that presents with a cerebellar syndrome, or less frequently, with a levodopa-responsive parkinsonian syndrome. Morphometry performed on T1-weighted images and diffusion MR imaging enable structural and microstructural evaluation of the brain in presymptomatic and symptomatic SCA2 gene carriers, in whom they show the typical pattern of olivopontocerebellar atrophy observed at neuropathological examination. Proton MR spectroscopy reveals, in the pons and cerebellum of SCA2 gene carriers, a more pronounced degree of abnormal neurochemical profile compared to other spinocerebellar ataxias with decreased NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr, increased mi/Cr ratios, and decreased NAA and increased mI concentrations. These neurochemical abnormalities are detectable also in presymtomatic gene carriers. Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) demonstrates decreased functional connectivity within the cerebellum and of the cerebellum with fronto-parietal cortices and basal ganglia in symptomatic SCA2 subjects. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (PET) shows a symmetric decrease of the glucose uptake in the cerebellar cortex, the dentate nucleus, the brainstem and the parahippocampal cortex. Single photon emission tomography and PET using several radiotracers have revealed almost symmetric nigrostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction irrespective of clinical signs of parkinsonism which are already present in presymtomatic gene carriers. Longitudinal small size studies have proven that morphometry and diffusion MR imaging can track neurodegeneration in SCA2, and hence serve as progression biomarkers. So far, such a capability has not been reported for proton MR spectroscopy, rsfMRI and NM techniques. A search for the best surrogate marker for future clinical trials represents the current challenge for the neuroimaging community.

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MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy in mitochondrial cytopathy due to cytochrome c oxidase dysfunction

Mitochondrion ◽

10.1016/j.mito.2006.08.007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 265-266

Author(s):

S.J. Shook ◽

S. Parikh ◽

E. Pioro

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome C ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Proton Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Mitochondrial Cytopathy

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First intraoperative, shared-resource, ultrahigh-field 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging system and its application in low-grade glioma resection

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2009.3.jns081139 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 112 (1) ◽

pp. 57-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

M. Necmettin Pamir ◽

Koray Özduman ◽

Alp Dinçer ◽

Erdem Yildiz ◽

Selçuk Peker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mr Imaging ◽

Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Imaging System ◽

Low Grade Glioma ◽

Low Grade ◽

Imaging Protocol ◽

Proton Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Shared Resource ◽

Ultrahigh Field ◽

And Diffusion

Object The authors describe the first shared-resource, 3-T intraoperative MR (ioMR) imaging system and analyze its impact on low-grade glioma (LGG) resection with an emphasis on the use of intraoperative proton MR spectroscopy. Methods The Acibadem University ioMR imaging facility houses a 3-T Siemens Trio system and consists of interconnected but independent MR imaging and surgical suites. Neurosurgery is performed using regular ferromagnetic equipment, and a patient can be transferred to the ioMR imaging system within 1.5 minutes by using a floating table. The ioMR imaging protocol takes < 10 minutes including the transfer, and the authors obtain very high–resolution T2-weighted MR images without the use of intravenous contrast. Functional sequences are performed when needed. A new 5-pin headrest–head coil combination and floating transfer table were specifically designed for this system. Results Since the facility became operational in June 2004, 56 LGG resections have been performed using ioMR imaging, and > 19,000 outpatient MR imaging procedures have been conducted. First-look MR imaging studies led to further resection attempts in 37.5% of cases as well as a 32.3% increase in the number of gross-total resections. Intraoperative ultrasonography detected 16% of the tumor remnants. Intraoperative proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion weighted MR imaging were used to differentiate residual tumor tissue from peritumoral parenchymal changes. Functional and diffusion tensor MR imaging sequences were used both pre- and postoperatively but not intraoperatively. No infections or other procedure-related complications were encountered. Conclusions This novel, shared-resource, ultrahigh-field, 3-T ioMR imaging system is a cost-effective means of affording a highly capable ioMR imaging system and increases the efficiency of LGG resections.

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MR Imaging and Proton MR Spectroscopy of the Brain in Behçet's Disease

Rivista di Neuroradiologia ◽

10.1177/197140090301600206 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 267-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Cellerini ◽

M. Bartolucci ◽

M. Mortilla ◽

M. Mascalchi ◽

F. Li Gobbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Basal Ganglia ◽

Mr Imaging ◽

Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Subcortical White Matter ◽

Neurological Involvement ◽

Medium Size ◽

Proton Mr Spectroscopy ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Cerebral MR imaging (MR) and proton-MR spectroscopy (H-MRS) data are lacking in neurologically asymptomatic patients with Behçet's disease (BD). Aim of the following work was to assess MR and H-MRS characteristics of brain involvement over time in patients with BD without clinical neurological involvement. Forty cerebral MR and 12 H-MRS examinations obtained over a one to nine year follow-up in 17 patients with (group A n=9) or without (group B n=8) neurological involvement were retrospectively reviewed. Four group-B patients had a normal first MR examination whereas all group-A and four group-B patients showed single (n?3) or multiple (n=10) subcortical white matter foci of signal change. Large midbrain, basal ganglia or subcortical white matter lesions were depicted in six group-A patients. Comparison between initial and last MR examinations revealed 28 new small-to-medium size lesions. Over the course of the study, lesion enhancement was seen in five patients all belonging to group A. NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios of supraventricular white matter did not show significant differences between patients and healthy controls or between group-A and group-B patients. Clinically silent cerebral involvement in the form of small-to-medium size subcortical lesions may be present at MR examination in BD patients. Large brainstem and basal ganglia lesions associated with overt neurological symptoms are characteristic of the disease. H-MRS of cerebral normal-appearing white matter does not show any significant metabolic change in BD.

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