Relationships of the sural nerve with the calcaneal tendon: an anatomical study with surgical and clinical implications

Introduction: This paper reports anatomical study of nature, incidence, innervation and clinical implications of Flexor Pollicis Brevis muscle (FPB). Material and Methods: The anatomical dissection of 60 limbs from 30 cadavers were performed in the Department of Anatomy of Medical School of Catholic University of São Paulo. Results: The superficial head of FPB has been innervated by the median nerve in 70% and in 30% it had double innervation. The deep head of FPB were absent in 14%, in 65%, occurred a double innervation. In 17.5% by deep branch of ulnar nerve and in 3.6% by recurrent branch of median nerve. Conclusion: The pattern of innervation more frequent in relationship to the flexor pollicis brevis muscle and should be considered as a normal pattern is that superficial head receives innervation of branches of median nerve and the deep head receives innervation of ulnar and median nerve.

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Corona mortis: An anatomical study with clinical implications in approaches to the pelvis and acetabulum

Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1002/ca.20390 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 433-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

S. Darmanis ◽

A. Lewis ◽

A. Mansoor ◽

M. Bircher

Keyword(s):

Anatomical Study ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Corona Mortis

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Cadaveric Anatomical Study of Sural Nerve: Where is The Safe Area for Endoscopic Gastrocnemius Recession?

The Open Orthopaedics Journal ◽

10.2174/1874325001711011094 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1094-1098 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alvin Chin Kwong Tan ◽

Zhi Hao Tang ◽

Muhammad Farhan Bin Mohd Fadil

Keyword(s):

Achilles Tendon ◽

Sural Nerve ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Lateral Border ◽

Safe Area ◽

Gastrocnemius Recession ◽

The Mean ◽

Tendon Insertion ◽

Calcaneal Tuberosity

Purpose: To ascertain in cadavers where the sural nerve crosses the gastro-soleus complex and where the gastrocnemius tendon merges with the Achilles tendon in relation to the calcaneal tuberosities. Methods: Twelve cadaveric lower limbs (6 right and 6 left) were dissected. The distances between the calcaneal tuberosities and the lateral border of the Achilles tendon where the sural nerve crosses from medial to lateral, as well as to the gastrocnemius tendon insertion into the Achilles tendon, were measured. Results: The mean and median longitudinal distances from the calcaneal tuberosity to where the sural nerve crosses the lateral border of the Achilles tendon are 9.9cm and 10cm respectively (range 7cm to 14cm). The mean and median longitudinal distances from the calcaneal tuberosity to where the gastrocnemius tendon inserts into the Achilles tendon are 19.9cm and 18.5cm (range 17cm to 25cm) respectively. Conclusion: It is generally safe to place the posterolateral incision more than 14cm above the calcaneal tuberosity to avoid the sural nerve if surgeons plan to use a posterolateral incision for endoscopic recession. The distance between the calcaneal tuberosity to the gastrocnemius tendon insertion into the Achilles tendon is too highly variable to be used as a landmark for locating the gastrocnemius insertion.

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Anatomical Study of the Ulnar Nerve Variations at High Humeral Level and Their Possible Clinical and Diagnostic Implications

Anatomy Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/378063 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anitha Guru ◽

Naveen Kumar ◽

Swamy Ravindra Shanthakumar ◽

Jyothsna Patil ◽

Satheesha Nayak Badagabettu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulnar Nerve ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Nerve Palsy ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Anatomical Study ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Surgical Practice ◽

Careful Observation

Background. Descriptive evaluation of nerve variations plays a pivotal role in the usefulness of clinical or surgical practice, as an anatomical variation often sets a risk of nerve palsy syndrome. Ulnar nerve (UN) is one amongst the major nerves involved in neuropathy. In the present anatomical study, variations related to ulnar nerve have been identified and its potential clinical implications discussed. Materials and Method. We examined 50 upper limb dissected specimens for possible ulnar nerve variations. Careful observation for any aberrant formation and/or communication in relation to UN has been carried out. Results. Four out of 50 limbs (8%) presented with variations related to ulnar nerve. Amongst them, in two cases abnormal communication with neighboring nerve was identified and variation in the formation of UN was noted in remaining two limbs. Conclusion. An unusual relation of UN with its neighboring nerves, thus muscles, and its aberrant formation might jeopardize the normal sensori-motor behavior. Knowledge about anatomical variations of the UN is therefore important for the clinicians in understanding the severity of ulnar nerve neuropathy related complications.

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