ASSESSING SAFETY LEVEL OF UTM CAMPUS BASED ON SAFE CITY CONCEPTS

Safety is an important aspect in today’s living, in urban city, residential area, and also in campus area. Several initiatives were introduced to increase the safety level, and to prevent crime from happening in the campus area, known as Safe City Concept. These initiatives included the Safe City Index, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED), behavioural model, safe city urban area, safe city of smart city, and resident safety assessment. Some of this initiative focus on urban city area, or residential, besides only focus on crime prevention and not focus on the assessment of safety level for campus area. This study aims to assess the safety level for campus area, with case study of UTM Campus. To assess the safety level, a set 4 indicators, which is crime, environment, public health and emergency response, with 9 sub-indicators was identified in this study. These indicators and sub-indicators used to determine the safety level of campus area based on the Safe City Concept. The analysis used is spatial analysis on the indicator, and using weighted criteria matrix to evaluate safety level for each building in UTM campus. The results show that most the buildings in UTM are in good and high safety level, with 65% of buildings score more than 70%. For buildings was detected with highest score of 95% of safety level, while 3 buildings score lowest percentage of 53.7%. these results indicated that UTM campus area is a safe area, based on the Safe City Concept. These results can help authorities to use these indicators of Safe City Concept to assess the education campus area safety level.

Effect of Exit Door Width on Flow Rate in Occupant-based Fire Evacuation Scenarios in Dormitories

Student dormitories are intensely used buildings that meet the resting, accommodation and living needs of students. It is necessary to ensure the safety of students and to eliminate possible risks in dormitories as intensive use areas. Fires pose a great risk in dormitories and may cause serious casualties and injuries. The reduction of casualties and injuries can be achieved by analyzing occupant behaviour during fires according to the building use scenarios. In this paper, a type of dormitory that provides two alternative exits is explored. The building use scenarios of the dormitory were investigated by making on-site observations. Students’ use of sleeping units, dining units and partial sleeping/dining units and fire exit routes were determined. Pathfinder computer program was used to analyze the fire evacuation performance. This program was defined in accordance with occupant behaviour and different fire evacuation times were suggested depending on the building use scenarios. At the end of the study, based on the evacuation times, the flow rate at the exit doors according to the location of the occupants was analyzed. In the fire escape routes, as the upper floors are reached from the lower floors, the occupant flow rate decreases at the exit doors and the flow rates continue to be stable as the number of occupants is saturated according to the door width. The decrease in the number of occupants in the dining unit decreases the flow rate at the exit doors. It is important that various assembly units in dormitories, such as the dining unit, are designed on floors that can directly provide evacuation to a safe area. The results obtained are suitable for all dormitories, residences, hotels and other similar buildings. Keywords: building use scenario, dormitory, evacuation, flow rate, exit widths

DeepLabV3+/Efficientnet Hybrid Network-Based Scene Area Judgment for the Mars Unmanned Vehicle System

Due to the complexity and danger of Mars’s environment, traditional Mars unmanned ground vehicles cannot efficiently perform Mars exploration missions. To solve this problem, the DeepLabV3+/Efficientnet hybrid network is proposed and applied to the scene area judgment for the Mars unmanned vehicle system. Firstly, DeepLabV3+ is used to extract the feature information of the Mars image due to its high accuracy. Then, the feature information is used as the input for Efficientnet, and the categories of scene areas are obtained, including safe area, report area, and dangerous area. Finally, according to three categories, the Mars unmanned vehicle system performs three operations: pass, report, and send. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the DeepLabV3+/Efficientnet hybrid network in the scene area judgment. Compared with the Efficientnet network, the accuracy of the DeepLabV3+/Efficientnet hybrid network is improved by approximately 18% and reaches 99.84%, which ensures the safety of the exploration mission for the Mars unmanned vehicle system.

The Border of the Islamic Arab State and Its Strategic Dimensions

In (year 22 AH) Caliph Umar bin Al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him) prepared four armies for the conquest of the city، and it was actually conquered. This is a strategic factor in managing matters of four armies and an indication of the strength of the Arab Islamic state to open battles to conquer the country and spread Islam. Eliminating the movements against the Arab Islamic Caliphate، and this is a strategic dimension to preserve the pillars of the Arab and Islamic state in all those regions of the globe. Strong leaders from the Banu Shayban and other tribes were appointed to hold the reins، to preserve the friendship of the tribes alongside the Arab peaceful state. Giving the tribes the material and moral privileges in order to preserve this area. This is also a strategic factor in winning the friendship of the tribes، and this has witnessed the stability of the security situation. The Muslims offered Islam to the Khazars، this is a religious strategic factor for spreading Islam with the good. During those ages، the region witnessed many conflicts with the mountain kingdoms، Azerbaijan and the Russians. After (the year 500 AH), the principalities of this city were reunited with a single emirate called the Emirate of Darband Sharwan, and it is ruled by the khans. It is unfortunate that it was invaded by the Mongols in (year 618 AH), and they set off from it towards the land of the Qafjaks, Russians and Bulgarians, and also from it they set off towards Baghdad in the year (656 AH). The region witnessed conflict between the Mongol-Tatars. It has become a region with diverse population, with residents of Arabs, Armenians, Persians, Khazars, Kurds and Tatars. The landmarks of Islam have remained evident through the presence of mosques and mosques that exist to this day. The Bab Al-Bab has strategic importance in Bab Al-Tijaria, after the Muslims made it a safe area. The presence of mosque monuments in the walls of Al-Bab and Baku. It was said that Muslim scholars in that region abandoned it because of its turmoil and instability and went to Medina, Baghdad, the Levant and Egypt. The first Muslims lost many lives in order to make this region a safe zone, and this is another indication of the sacrifice made by the early Muslims to spread Islam. And more importantly than this and that, the first Muslims lost many lives in order to make this region a safe zone, and this is another indication of the sacrifice made by the early Muslims to spread Islam.

System Dynamics Modelling for Dynamic Emergency Response to Accidents Involving Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road

For improving the emergency capacities during road transportation accidents of dangerous goods, this paper divides the accident emergency procedure into four subsystems: accident information processing, personnel rescue and evacuation, vehicle evacuation, and rescue materials delivery. On this basis, the causal mechanism and the loop diagrams of the emergency process are established by using the System Dynamics Method and Vensim software. First, six factors including transportation distance, the degree of mechanical modernization, delay time of personnel control, delay time of traffic information release, command level coefficient, and delay time of department arrival are selected as parameters to test the model’s sensitivity analysis. Then, the influences of the abovementioned factors on the observed value, such as the demand gap of on-site materials, number of people in safe area, number of vehicles in safe area, amount of disposal information, and the dynamic evolution behavior of the system, are analyzed. The results show that the transportation distance is shortened by half, and the time to fill the demand gap is reduced by 39%. The level of mechanical modernization is doubled, the peak inventory of materials in transit will increase by 9.2%, and the time to reach the peak will be shortened by 6.8%. If the delay time of personnel control is shortened by 480 s, the number of people to be evacuated in accident area will be reduced by 56. The delay time of traffic information release is shortened by 480 s, the number of vehicles to be evacuated is reduced by 74, and the time when the vehicle stops entering accident area is 1646 s in advance. The command level coefficient increases by 9.5%, and the speed of action execution increases by 9.6%.

UTILIZATION OF MACHINE TECHNOLOGY IN INCREASING INSTANT GRINGER PRODUCTION

The ginger industry in East Aceh district is widely developed through home industries which are an important part of small and medium industries. This industry is mostly done by housewives on the sidelines of their busy household. The "Halia Instans" industry is one of the small businesses that develops processed ginger products. The raw materials for Instant Ginger will be processed through the following production process, first the ginger is washed clean or the soil is gone, then drained for a few seconds, then the ginger is blended, then after blending the finely ground ginger is squeezed using a machine and processed or cooked with an existing recipe so that produce ginger extract.. the results of the implementation of activities Encourage partners to cooperate with related parties in order to increase the production and marketing of Instant Ginger and add facilities to help increase ginger commodities in the overseas safe area

Design of a Robotic Arm Window Cleaner at the Heights to Avoid Accidents Due to Falls

Working at height is extremely dangerous because there is not much safety for the worker, for that reason there are accidents of falls from scaffolding. According to the Ministerio de Trabajo y Promoción de Empleo (MTPE) 5.49% are accidents caused in work at heights. It is important to bear in mind that the higher the height there is more possibility of suffering a fall, therefore, there are many factors in the height, the main factor is the air since it does not allow the scaffold to remain still. That is why, this research work proposes the design of a robotic arm with 5 degrees of freedom with Arduino Mega 2560 and a link with Radio Frequency (RF), to replace the worker and reduce the risk of accident, also consider that the robotic arm will be manipulated wirelessly, being ideal to prevent a fall of personnel and controllable from a safe area. It was obtained as a result, that the robotic arm with 5 degrees of freedom is more than enough to perform a cleaning of three types of windows, and the programming for the robotic arm is quite easy and can be programmed very quickly, in addition the SolidWorks software helps to design and layout the robotic arm.

What Is a Safe Area? Definition, Typology and Empirical Cases

In today’s conflicts, the number of people needing physical protection is at an all-time high. Often, protection is provided by the creation of safe areas. Although the notion largely disappeared after the Srebrenica genocide, safe areas have continued to exist empirically. Recently, safe areas had a minor revival in academic analysis and in the political rhetoric vis-à-vis Syria. Yet, fundamental gaps remain as it is still unclear what a safe area actually is and whether all safe areas function in the same way. This article develops a precise definition and comprehensive typology of safe areas. The definition is based on considerations regarding geographical limitation and location, target group, kind of provided protection, involved actors, and effective existence. Furthermore, four ideal types of safe areas are identified based on a division between belligerents’ consent/international presence and different geographical sizes. This is complemented by an extensive collection of empirical cases since 1900.

Factors influencing wellbeing in young people during COVID-19.

COVID-19 infection and the resultant restrictions has impacted all aspects of life across the world. This study explores factors that promote or support wellbeing for young people during the pandemic, how they differ by age, using a self-reported online survey with those aged 8 - 25 in Wales between September 2020 and February 2021. Open-ended responses were analysed via thematic analysis to provide further context. A total of 6,291 responses were obtained from 81 education settings across Wales (including primary and secondary schools as well as sixth form, colleges and universities). Wellbeing was highest in primary school children and boys and lowest in those who were at secondary school children, who were girls and, those who preferred not to give a gender. Among primary school children, higher wellbeing was seen for those who played with others (rather than alone), were of Asian ethnicity (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.26 to 4.3), lived in a safe area (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.67 to 2.5) and had more sleep. To support their wellbeing young people reported they would like to be able to play with their friends more. Among secondary school children those who were of mixed ethnicity reported lower wellbeing (OR: 5.10, 95% CI: 1.70 to 15.80). To support their wellbeing they reported they would like more support with mental health (due to anxiety and pressure to achieve when learning online). This study found self-reported wellbeing differed by gender, ethnicity and deprivation and found younger children report the need for play and to see friends to support wellbeing but older children/young people wanted more support with anxiety and educational pressures.