Dynein Heavy Chain 64C Differentially Regulates Cell Survival and Proliferation of Wingless-Producing Cells in Drosophila melanogaster

Dynein is a multi-subunit motor protein that moves toward the minus-end of microtubules, and plays important roles in fly development. We identified Dhc64Cm115, a new mutant allele of the fly Dynein heavy chain 64C (Dhc64C) gene whose heterozygotes survive against lethality induced by overexpression of Sol narae (Sona). Sona is a secreted metalloprotease that positively regulates Wingless (Wg) signaling, and promotes cell survival and proliferation. Knockdown of Dhc64C in fly wings induced extensive cell death accompanied by widespread and disorganized expression of Wg. The disrupted pattern of the Wg protein was due to cell death of the Wg-producing cells at the DV midline and overproliferation of the Wg-producing cells at the hinge in disorganized ways. Coexpression of Dhc64C RNAi and p35 resulted in no cell death and normal pattern of Wg, demonstrating that cell death is responsible for all phenotypes induced by Dhc64C RNAi expression. The effect of Dhc64C on Wg-producing cells was unique among components of Dynein and other microtubule motors. We propose that Dhc64C differentially regulates survival of Wg-producing cells, which is essential for maintaining normal expression pattern of Wg for wing development.

GAMBARAN KEJADIAN SUB INVOLUSI UTERI PADA IBU NIFAS DI POLINDES BUGIH II WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOWEL

The postpartum period is the period that begins after the placenta comes out and ends when the uterine organs return to their original state (before pregnancy). One of the complications that can occur during the puerperium is uterine subinvolution, where the uterus fails to follow the normal pattern of involution as it should. So that the process of uterine shrinkage is hampered. Based on data obtained at Polindes BugihII in 2014 out of 10 postpartum mothers at 2-6 weeks, 7 (70%) postpartum mothers had uterine subinvolution and 3 (30%) did not. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of uterine subinvolution in postpartum mothers at Polindes Bugih II. This research design is descriptive. The total population in this study were 30 postpartum mothers, while the sampling used probability sampling with saturated sampling technique. The variable in this study was the incidence of uterine subinvolution in postpartum mothers. The research instrument used the MCH handbook, then analyzed using univariate analysis. The results of the study were almost entirely (76.67%) mothers did not experience uterine subinvolution, namely as many as 23 people. The solution that can be done to overcome this incident is to encourage the mother to move and breastfeed her baby as often as possible, because this will affect the hypothalamus and cause contractions. So that from these contractions will result in uterine involution and expenditure of Lochea running normally. It is also recommended for multiparous mothers to participate in family planning programs.

Clinical, Radiological and Functional Characteristics of Pulmonary Diseases among HTLV-1 Infected Patients without Prior Active Tuberculosis Infection

The lifelong infection with the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has been associated with a variety of clinical manifestations; one of the less-explored is HTLV-1-associated pulmonary disease. Imaging of lung damage caused by the HTLV-1 hyperinflammatory cascade can be similar to sequelae from TB infection. Our study aims to describe the pulmonary lesions of HTLV-1-positive patients without past or current active TB and evaluate pulmonary function. We found that nine out of fourteen patients with no known TB disease history presented bronchiectasis, mainly found bilaterally while five presented pulmonary fibrosis. A normal pattern was found in most patients with a pulmonary functional test. Furthermore, there was no association between the PVL and the chest-CT scan findings, nor with spirometry results. However, the sample size was insufficient to conclude it.

A study of variations in formation of superficial palmar arch in Nepalese cadavers

Introduction: The superficial palmar arch (SPA) is the main source of arterial supply to the palm. It is an arterial arcade formed mainly by the ulnar artery and is completed by the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. The study was conducted with objective to study the variations in formation of superficial palmar arch in Nepalese cadaveric hands. Methodology: Two horizontal incisions were made, one at the wrist joint and another incision along the root of fingers. A vertical incision was made from the middle of the wrist to the 3rd metacarpo-phalangeal joint. The skin of the palm and the palmar aponeurosis was reflected. The surrounding adipose tissue was removed to view the superficial palmar arch and its branches. Result: In present study, out of 50 specimens of hands, 64% of superficial palmar arch was formed as normal pattern and in 36% cases it was formed by ulnar artery alone. Normal SPA pattern was seen 63% in male and 66.7% in female i.e. higher percentage in female than in male but it was statistically insignificant (P<0.05). SPA-ulnar artery alone pattern was seen 37% in male and 33.3% in female i.e. higher percentage in male than in female, however it was also statistically insignificant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Normal pattern of SPA observed in Sixty-four percent of Nepalese hands and in thirty-six percent cases it was formed by ulnar artery alone. There was no statistically significant difference in SPA pattern distribution between Nepalese male and female.

Speech delay: some possible factors (a research on 3-6 years old children)

This qualitative research was to describe the language development of children who indicated speech delay and to find out what factors make these children delay in speech. The data were got from a depth-observation of three children indicating speech delay; 4 and 6 years old children of the first writer’s, and a 3 year- old-child of the writer’s friend’s. The observation was done since the children were indicating speech delay until November 2019. Besides, an open-ended interview was also administered with the mother of the youngest subject. The data were analyzed by using the normal pattern of children’s speech development by Blum and Baron (1997) and main possible factors of speech delay as presented by Shetty (2012). This research found that the subjects experienced speech delay at the ages of 1 year. However, the development of speaking started to increase at the age of 3. Some factors that caused the condition to the subjects were maturation delay, developmental expressive aphasia, bilingualism, and social deprivation.

AB0460 THE UTILITY OF USB CAPILLAROSCOPE FOR ASSESSMENT OF RAYNAUD’S PHENOMENON PATIENTS

Background:Videocapillaroscopy is the gold standard for evaluation of nailfold capillaries and the major tool used for differentiation of primary and secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) in rheumatology practice. However, nowadays, there are also accessible alternatives such as USB capillaroscopes, which offer the opportunity to apply capillaroscopic examination at a significantly lower price.Objectives:The aim of the current study was to study the utility of USB capillaroscope (Dinolite) via assessment of capillaroscopic images obtained by patients with primary and secondary RP in rheumatic diseases.Methods:The study represents analysis of capillaroscopic images of 32 patients with RP – primary and secondary in the context of SSc or other rheumatic diseases i.e., undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All the patients had signed an informed consent for participation in a study of their capillaroscopic, laboratory and clinical associations. The study represents retrospective analysis of the capillaroscopic images obtained from 8 fingers (II-V bilaterally) using USB capillaroscope (Dinolite) at magnification 200x. Capillary diameters were measured (arterial, venous and apical loop) as well as the number of capillaries per millimeter. The capillaroscopic images were categorized into the following groups i.e., I. Absence of microangiopathy: i) normal pattern, ii) nonspecific changes (dilated capillaries with arterial diameter > 0.015mm, venous > 0.020mm; haemorhhages and/or other nonspecific changes), II. Presence of microangiopathy i.e., “scleroderma”/”scleroderma-like” pattern. Presence of giant capillaries with capillary diameter >0.050mm was considered as a sufficient criterion for classifying the image as “scleroderma”/”scleroderma-like” pattern. For “scleroderma” type images in SSc patients staging of Cutolo et al (2000) was used i.e., “early”, ”active”, ”late” phase (1).Results:Images suitable for analysis with good visibility that permits analysis of the major capillaroscopic parameters were available in all patients. Among 32 included patients, 9 patients were with SSc, 12 cases with primary RP, and 10 patients with secondary RP in other CTD (7 patients with UCTD and 3 patients with SLE). „Scleroderma“ pattern was detected in 6 patients with SSc and in all these cases the capillaroscopic images were classifiable into one of the three distinct phases i.e., “early”, ”active” and ”late” phase. Presence of microvascular changes (“scleroderma-like” pattern) was detected also in 5 among the 10 patients with other CTD i.e., UCTD and SLE. In primary RP patients capillaroscopy revealed either normal pattern or nonspecific findings but without features of microangiopathy.Conclusion:Good capillaroscopic images, which could be analyzed and interpreted, are usually obtained using USB capillaroscope. This permits evaluation of the major capillaroscopic parameters. The available software although less sophisticated vs those of videocapillaroscopes, gives the opportunity for measurement of capillary diameters, mean capillary density, etc. The images received from USB capillaroscope are easily classified into “scleroderma”, “scleroderma-like”, non-specific changes and normal pattern. The most important conclusion from capillaroscopy is about presence or absence of microangiopathy. This was easily detected via USB capillaroscope that could be suggested as an ideal alternative for videocapillaroscopes in every day rheumatology practice especially at low budget cases. Measurements of capillary diameters and capillary density provide quantitative data that make these devises also appropriate for scientific research.References:[1]Cutolo M, Sulli A, Pizzorni C AS. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy assessment of microvascular damage in systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol. 2000;27(1):155–60.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

New Model of Local Government Administrative Service in a New Normal Pattern of Behavior Era in Indonesia

This study departs from a new habitual adaptation movement that changes people's social interactions as a rational choice amid the threat of the Covid-19 outbreak. The purpose of this article is to test empirically that the current model of local government administrative services in the archipelagic sub-districts is very inefficient and less productive so that it has an impact on meeting the basic needs of the community comfortably and fairly. Furthermore, this study offers a new model for Duo-TM, namely Temu Muka dan Temu Mesin. This article shows the need for an empirical study in the development of a local government administrative service model to trace geographic difficulties and risks due to the Covid-19 outbreak. This is especially relevant if the author refers to the reasons for the massive change in various social dimensions and forces the adaptation of new habits. On the other hand, the era of the 4.0 industrial revolution places the power of technology and information as a means for innovating services that are comfortable, fast, inexpensive, and of high quality.

Introduction

The impact of COVID-19 on the capacity to hold face-to-face meetings meant that the normal pattern of synods and assemblies in 2020 was almost totally disrupted. The Church of England's General Synod met in the normal way from 10 to 13 February, but the July group of sessions, which is normally held in York, was reduced to an ‘informal virtual meeting’ on 11 July. A socially distanced special session was held on 24 September at Church House and the November group of sessions was held remotely from 23 to 25 November.

Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gnrhr: A Checkpoint for Metabolic Control of Female Reproduction

The proper expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors (GnRHRs) by pituitary gonadotropes is critical for maintaining maximum reproductive capacity. GnRH receptor expression must be tightly regulated in order to maintain the normal pattern of expression through the estrous cycle in rodents, which is believed to be important for interpreting the finely tuned pulses of GnRH from the hypothalamus. Much work has shown that Gnrhr expression is heavily regulated at the level of transcription. However, researchers have also discovered that Gnrhr is regulated post-transcriptionally. This review will discuss how RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs may play critical roles in the regulation of GnRHR expression. We will also discuss how these post-transcriptional regulators may themselves be affected by metabolic cues, specifically with regards to the adipokine leptin. All together, we present evidence that Gnrhr is regulated post-transcriptionally, and that this concept must be further explored in order to fully understand the complex nature of this receptor.

The 2019/2020 QBO Disruption in ADM-Aeolus Wind Lidar Observations

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is a regular cycle of alternating winds which dominates the behaviour of the tropical stratosphere. It is extremely technically challenging to model, and for this reason wind observations are vital to understand it fully. Characterised by downward propagating easterly and westerly regimes, the QBO progressed uninterrupted for more than 60 years until a highly anomalous deviation from its normal pattern in 2016. During 2019/2020, the start of a second disruption was seen in atmospheric analyses and radiosonde observations. Here, we exploit novel data from ESA's ADM-Aeolus satellite to demonstrate its ability to measure the QBO in unprecedented detail. A special adjustment of Aeolus' onboard range bin settings was implemented to observe this new disruption as it happened, providing a unique platform for studying the evolution of the event and the broader atmospheric effects triggered by it. In this presentation, we will show results from this special mode, highlighting how it has helped study the disruption, and how Aeolus and similar satellites can deepen our understanding of the QBO more generally.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;