Mitochondria/nuclear signaling of alternative oxidase gene expression occurs through distinct pathways involving organic acids and reactive oxygen species

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Gray ◽  
D. P. Maxwell ◽  
A. R. Villarimo ◽  
L. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Nuclear Signaling

Metal-specific and NADPH oxidase dependent changes in lipoxygenase and NADPH oxidase gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to cadmium or excess copper

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Remans ◽  
Kelly Opdenakker ◽  
Karen Smeets ◽  
Dennis Mathijsen ◽  
Jaco Vangronsveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Opposing Effects

Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase and oxylipins derived from lipoxygenase activity can signal various stress conditions and have been implicated when plants are exposed to heavy metals. Transcriptional profiling of the 10 NADPH oxidase and 6 lipoxygenase genes was performed after exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and NADPH oxidase mutants to 5 µM CdSO4 or 2 µM CuSO4 for 24 h. Under these short exposures to environmentally realistic concentrations of Cd or Cu, plants modulate signalling networks that regulate the onset of adaptive responses. Metal-specific NADPH oxidase genes were upregulated by Cd but downregulated by Cu, and metal-specific lipoxygenase gene expression was observed only after Cu exposure. Genes that are responsive to both metals were upregulated and may be responsive to general oxidative stress. For all metal-responsive genes except RBOHD, distinct responses were observed between leaves and roots, which may be due to different stress intensities and signalling mechanisms. Mutation of NADPH oxidase genes had opposing effects on gene expression after Cd or Cu exposure. Upregulation of LOX1 and LOX6 in the roots after exposure to Cd depended on NADPH oxidase gene expression, whereas LOX3 and LOX6 expression was induced more strongly in NADPH oxidase mutants after Cu exposure. Furthermore, NADPH oxidases regulated their own expression level and that of other members of the gene family when exposed to Cd or Cu. The results suggest interplay between reactive oxygen species and oxylipin signalling under Cd or Cu stress, and are useful as a basis for genetic studies to unravel metal-specific signalling mechanisms.

Silencing of mitochondrial alternative oxidase gene of Aspergillus fumigatus enhances reactive oxygen species production and killing of the fungus by macrophages

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisa Magnani ◽  
Frederico Marianetti Soriani ◽  
Vicente de Paulo Martins ◽  
Anna Carolina de Freitas Policarpo ◽  
Carlos Artério Sorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Species Production

scholarly journals Spatial Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species via G6PD in Brown Adipocytes Supports Thermogenic Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Hyung Sohn ◽  
Yul Ji ◽  
Chang-Yun Cho ◽  
Hahn Nahmgoong ◽  
Sangsoo Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Potentials ◽  
Brown Adipocytes ◽  
Erk Activation ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Erk Inhibition ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with various roles of brown adipocytes. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) controls cellular redox potentials by producing NADPH. Although G6PD upregulates cellular ROS levels in white adipocytes, the roles of G6PD in brown adipocytes remain elusive. Here, we found that G6PD defect in brown adipocytes impaired thermogenic function through excessive cytosolic ROS accumulation. Upon cold exposure, G6PD-deficient mutant (G6PD<sup>mut</sup>) mice exhibited cold intolerance and downregulated thermogenic gene expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT). In addition, G6PD-deficient brown adipocytes had increased cytosolic ROS levels, leading to ERK activation. In BAT of G6PD<sup>mut</sup> mice, administration of antioxidant restored the thermogenic activity by potentiating thermogenic gene expression and relieving ERK activation. Consistently, body temperature and thermogenic execution were rescued by ERK inhibition in cold-exposed G6PD<sup>mut</sup> mice. Taken together, these data suggest that G6PD in brown adipocytes would protect against cytosolic oxidative stress, leading to cold-induced thermogenesis.

scholarly journals Freezing Tolerance of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea Introgression Forms is Associated with the High Activity of Antioxidant System and Adjustment of Photosynthetic Activity under Cold Acclimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Augustyniak ◽  
Izabela Pawłowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Lechowicz ◽  
Karolina Izbiańska-Jankowska ◽  
Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Oxygen Species

Though winter-hardiness is a complex trait, freezing tolerance was proved to be its main component. Species from temperate regions acquire tolerance to freezing in a process of cold acclimation, which is associated with the exposure of plants to low but non-freezing temperatures. However, mechanisms of cold acclimation in Lolium-Festuca grasses, important for forage production in Europe, have not been fully recognized. Thus, two L. multiflorum/F. arundinacea introgression forms with distinct freezing tolerance were used herein as models in the comprehensive research to dissect these mechanisms in that group of plants. The work was focused on: (i) analysis of cellular membranes’ integrity; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gas exchange; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species generation; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes); and (iv) analysis of Cor14b accumulation, under cold acclimation. The more freezing tolerant introgression form revealed a higher integrity of membranes, an ability to cold acclimate its photosynthetic apparatus and higher water use efficiency after three weeks of cold acclimation, as well as a higher capacity of the antioxidant system and a lower content of reactive oxygen species in low temperature.

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species Are Key Mediators of Demyelination in Canine Distemper Leukoencephalitis but not in Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attig ◽  
Spitzbarth ◽  
Kalkuhl ◽  
Deschl ◽  
Puff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxidized Lipids ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Spinal Cord Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Membrane Breakdown ◽  
Expression Microarrays

(1) Background: Canine distemper virus (CDV)-induced demyelinating leukoencephalitis (CDV-DL) in dogs and Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis (TME) virus (TMEV)-induced demyelinating leukomyelitis (TMEV-DL) are virus-induced demyelinating conditions mimicking Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce the degradation of lipids and nucleic acids to characteristic metabolites such as oxidized lipids, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxyguanosine. The hypothesis of this study is that ROS are key effector molecules in the pathogenesis of myelin membrane breakdown in CDV-DL and TMEV-DL. (2) Methods: ROS metabolites and antioxidative enzymes were assessed using immunofluorescence in cerebellar lesions of naturally CDV-infected dogs and spinal cord tissue of TMEV-infected mice. The transcription of selected genes involved in ROS generation and detoxification was analyzed using gene-expression microarrays in CDV-DL and TMEV-DL. (3) Results: Immunofluorescence revealed increased amounts of oxidized lipids, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxyguanosine in CDV-DL while TMEV-infected mice did not reveal marked changes. In contrast, microarray-analysis showed an upregulated gene expression associated with ROS generation in both diseases. (4) Conclusion: In summary, the present study demonstrates a similar upregulation of gene-expression of ROS generation in CDV-DL and TMEV-DL. However, immunofluorescence revealed increased accumulation of ROS metabolites exclusively in CDV-DL. These results suggest differences in the pathogenesis of demyelination in these two animal models.

scholarly journals 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Gene Expression in a Reactive Oxygen Species-dependent Manner in Human Lymphocytes

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (21) ◽  
pp. 21929-21937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés Álvarez-Maqueda ◽  
Rajaa El Bekay ◽  
Gonzalo Alba ◽  
Javier Monteseirín ◽  
Pedro Chacón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document