Spectroscopic trace-gas sensor with rapidly scanned wavelengths of a pulsed quantum cascade laser for in situ NO monitoring of industrial exhaust systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wysocki ◽  
A. A. Kosterev ◽  
F. K. Tittel
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Industrial Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Systems

NO trace gas sensor based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and external cavity quantum cascade laser

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Spagnolo ◽  
A. A. Kosterev ◽  
L. Dong ◽  
R. Lewicki ◽  
F. K. Tittel
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
External Cavity ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Quantum Cascade

scholarly journals A Portable Quantum Cascade Laser Spectrometer for Atmospheric Measurements of Carbon Monoxide

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Viciani ◽  
Alessio Montori ◽  
Antonio Chiarugi ◽  
Francesco D’Amato
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Laser Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Measurements ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Measurement Campaigns

Trace gas concentration measurements in the stratosphere and troposphere are critically required as inputs to constrain climate models. For this purpose, measurement campaigns on stratospheric aircraft and balloons are being carried out all over the world, each one involving sensors which are tailored for the specific gas and environmental conditions. This paper describes an automated, portable, mid-infrared quantum cascade laser spectrometer, for in situ carbon monoxide mixing ratio measurements in the stratosphere and troposphere. The instrument was designed to be versatile, suitable for easy installation on different platforms and capable of operating completely unattended, without the presence of an operator, not only during one flight but for the whole period of a campaign. The spectrometer features a small size (80 × 25 × 41 cm3), light weight (23 kg) and low power consumption (85 W typical), without being pressurized and without the need of calibration on the ground or during in-flight operation. The device was tested in the laboratory and in-field during a research campaign carried out in Nepal in summer 2017, onboard the stratospheric aircraft M55 Geophysica. The instrument worked extremely well, without external maintenance during all flights, proving an in-flight sensitivity of 1–2 ppbV with a time resolution of 1 s.

Quantum Cascade Laser based Trace Gas sensor Technology: Recent Advances and Applications

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank K. Tittel ◽  
Yury Bakhirkin ◽  
Robert F. Curl ◽  
Anatoliy Kosterev ◽  
Rafal Lewicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals Open-path, quantum cascade-laser-based sensor for high-resolution atmospheric ammonia measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Miller ◽  
K. Sun ◽  
L. Tao ◽  
M. A. Khan ◽  
M. A. Zondlo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Atmospheric Ammonia ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Open Path ◽  
Time Calibration

Abstract. We demonstrate a compact, open-path, quantum cascade-laser-based atmospheric ammonia sensor operating at 9.06 μm for high-sensitivity, high temporal resolution, ground-based measurements. Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) is a gas-phase precursor to fine particulate matter, with implications for air quality and climate change. Currently, NH3 sensing challenges have led to a lack of widespread in situ measurements. Our open-path sensor configuration minimizes sampling artifacts associated with NH3 surface adsorption onto inlet tubing and reduced pressure sampling cells, as well as condensed-phase partitioning ambiguities. Multi-harmonic wavelength modulation spectroscopy allows for selective and sensitive detection of atmospheric pressure-broadened absorption features. An in-line ethylene reference cell provides real-time calibration (±20% accuracy) and normalization for instrument drift under rapidly changing field conditions. The sensor has a sensitivity and noise-equivalent limit (1σ) of 0.15 ppbv NH3 at 10 Hz, a mass of ~ 5 kg and consumes ~ 50 W of electrical power. The total uncertainty in NH3 measurements is 0.20 ppbv NH3 ± 10%, based on a spectroscopic calibration method. Field performance of this open-path NH3 sensor is demonstrated, with 10 Hz time resolution and a large dynamic response for in situ NH3 measurements. This sensor provides the capabilities for improved in situ gas-phase NH3 sensing relevant for emission source characterization and flux measurements.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace gas detection with cryogenic and room-temperature continuous-wave quantum cascade lasers

Open Physics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Zeninari ◽  
Agnès Grossel ◽  
Lilian Joly ◽  
Thomas Decarpenterie ◽  
Bruno Grouiez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Quantum Cascade Lasers ◽  
Gas Detection ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Atmospheric Gases ◽  
Trace Gas Detection ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Cascade Lasers

AbstractThe main characteristics that a sensor must possess for trace gas detection and pollution monitoring are high sensitivity, high selectivity and the capability to perform in situ measurements. The photacoustic Helmholtz sensor developed in Reims, used in conjunction with powerful Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs), fulfils all these requirements. The best cell response is # 1200 V W−1 cm and the corresponding ultimate sensitivity is j 3.3 × 10−10 W cm−11 Hz−11/2. This efficient sensor is used with mid-infrared QCLs from Alpes Lasers to reach the strong fundamental absorption bands of some atmospheric gases. A first cryogenic QCL emitting at 7.9 μm demonstrates the detection of methane in air with a detection limit of 3 ppb. A detection limit of 20 ppb of NO in air is demonstrated using another cryogenic QCL emitting in the 5.4 μm region. Real in-situ measurements can be achieved only with room-temperature QCLs. A room-temperature QCL emitting in the 7.9 μm region demonstrates the simultaneous detection of methane and nitrous oxide in air (17 and 7 ppb detection limit, respectively). All these reliable measurements allow the estimated detection limit for various atmospheric gases using quantum cascade lasers to be obtained. Each gas absorbing in the infrared may be detected at a detection limit in the ppb or low-ppb range.

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