scholarly journals Temperature effects on the tympanal membrane and auditory receptor neurons in the locust

2014 ◽  
Vol 200 (9) ◽  
pp. 837-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika J. B. Eberhard ◽  
Shira D. Gordon ◽  
James F. C. Windmill ◽  
Bernhard Ronacher
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
Tympanal Membrane

scholarly journals Representation of Acoustic Communication Signals by Insect Auditory Receptor Neurons

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3215-3227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian K. Machens ◽  
Martin B. Stemmler ◽  
Petra Prinz ◽  
Rüdiger Krahe ◽  
Bernhard Ronacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons

Temporal Coding by Populations of Auditory Receptor Neurons

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 1614-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Sabourin ◽  
Gerald S. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Afferent Input ◽  
Temporal Coding ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
High Sound

Auditory receptor neurons of crickets are most sensitive to either low or high sound frequencies. Earlier work showed that the temporal coding properties of first-order auditory interneurons are matched to the temporal characteristics of natural low- and high-frequency stimuli (cricket songs and bat echolocation calls, respectively). We studied the temporal coding properties of receptor neurons and used modeling to investigate how activity within populations of low- and high-frequency receptors might contribute to the coding properties of interneurons. We confirm earlier findings that individual low-frequency-tuned receptors code stimulus temporal pattern poorly, but show that coding performance of a receptor population increases markedly with population size, due in part to low redundancy among the spike trains of different receptors. By contrast, individual high-frequency-tuned receptors code a stimulus temporal pattern fairly well and, because their spike trains are redundant, there is only a slight increase in coding performance with population size. The coding properties of low- and high-frequency receptor populations resemble those of interneurons in response to low- and high-frequency stimuli, suggesting that coding at the interneuron level is partly determined by the nature and organization of afferent input. Consistent with this, the sound-frequency-specific coding properties of an interneuron, previously demonstrated by analyzing its spike train, are also apparent in the subthreshold fluctuations in membrane potential that are generated by synaptic input from receptor neurons.

scholarly journals Cell-intrinsic mechanisms of temperature compensation in a grasshopper sensory receptor neuron

eLife ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic A Roemschied ◽  
Monika JB Eberhard ◽  
Jan-Hendrik Schleimer ◽  
Bernhard Ronacher ◽  
Susanne Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Compensation ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Neuron Models ◽  
Spike Generation ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons

Changes in temperature affect biochemical reaction rates and, consequently, neural processing. The nervous systems of poikilothermic animals must have evolved mechanisms enabling them to retain their functionality under varying temperatures. Auditory receptor neurons of grasshoppers respond to sound in a surprisingly temperature-compensated manner: firing rates depend moderately on temperature, with average Q10 values around 1.5. Analysis of conductance-based neuron models reveals that temperature compensation of spike generation can be achieved solely relying on cell-intrinsic processes and despite a strong dependence of ion conductances on temperature. Remarkably, this type of temperature compensation need not come at an additional metabolic cost of spike generation. Firing rate-based information transfer is likely to increase with temperature and we derive predictions for an optimal temperature dependence of the tympanal transduction process fostering temperature compensation. The example of auditory receptor neurons demonstrates how neurons may exploit single-cell mechanisms to cope with multiple constraints in parallel.

scholarly journals Sensory habituation of auditory receptor neurons: implications for sound localization

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (17) ◽  
pp. 2529-2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Givois ◽  
G.S. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Sound Localization ◽  
Response Latency ◽  
Response Strength ◽  
Intensity Difference ◽  
Neural Encoding ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
Interaural Difference ◽  
Sound Pulses

Auditory receptor neurons exhibit sensory habituation; their responses decline with repeated stimulation. We studied the effects of sensory habituation on the neural encoding of sound localization cues using crickets as a model system. In crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus, sound localization is based on binaural comparison of stimulus intensity. There are two potential codes at the receptor-neuron level for interaural intensity difference: interaural difference in response strength, i.e. spike rate and/or count, and interaural difference in response latency. These are affected differently by sensory habituation. When crickets are stimulated with cricket-song-like trains of sound pulses, response strength declines for successive pulses in the train, and the decrease becomes more pronounced as the stimulus intensity increases. Response decrement is thus greater for receptors serving the ear ipsilateral to the sound source, where intensity is higher, resulting in a decrease in the interaural difference in response strength. Sensory habituation also affects response latency, which increases for responses to successive sound pulses in the stimulus train. The change in latency is independent of intensity, and thus is similar for receptors serving both ears. As a result, interaural latency difference is unaffected by sensory habituation and may be a more reliable cue for sound localization.

Evolution of hearing in moths: the ears of Oenosandra boisduvalii (Noctuoidea:Oenosandridae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Fullard
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Auditory Neuron ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons

The ears of Oenosandra boisduvalii (Oenosandridae), as a representative of this heretofore unstudied family of moths, were electrophysiologically examined from specimens captured in South Australia. Male and female moths possess ears with two auditory receptor neurons that are similarly sensitive and tuned to the frequencies emitted by sympatric bats, suggesting that both sexes face equal predation pressures from aerially foraging bats. The two-celled ear of this moth supports the independence of the Oenosandridae from its previous affiliation with the Notodontidae, whose single auditory neuron remains a unique character within the Noctuoidea. The general insensitivity of its ear, however, resembles that of the notodontid moth and is surprising considering the diversity of insectivorous bats that forms its predation potential.

Discrimination of behaviorally relevant signals by auditory receptor neurons

2001 ◽  
Vol 38-40 ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.K Machens ◽  
P Prinz ◽  
M.B Stemmler ◽  
B Ronacher ◽  
A.V.M Herz
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons

Central projections of auditory receptor neurons of crickets

2005 ◽  
Vol 493 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Imaizumi ◽  
Gerald S. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Central Projections ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons

scholarly journals Quadratic and adaptive computations yield an efficient representation of song in Drosophila auditory receptor neurons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Clemens ◽  
Mala Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Stimulus Change ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Courtship Song ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Divisive Normalization ◽  
Auditory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Neurons ◽  
Band Limited

Sensory neurons encode information using multiple nonlinear and dynamical transformations. For instance, auditory receptor neurons in Drosophila adapt to the mean and the intensity of the stimulus, change their frequency tuning with sound intensity, and employ a quadratic nonlinearity. While these computations are considered advantageous in isolation, their combination can lead to a highly ambiguous and complex code that is hard to decode. Combining electrophysiological recordings and computational modelling, we investigate how the different computations found in auditory receptor neurons in Drosophila combine to encode behaviorally-relevant acoustic signals like the courtship song. The computational model consists of a quadratic filter followed by a divisive normalization stage and reproduces population neural responses to artificial and natural sounds. For general classes of sounds, like band-limited noise, the representation resulting from these highly nonlinear computations is highly ambiguous and does not allow for a recovery of information about the frequency content and amplitude pattern. However, for courtship song, the code is simple and efficient: The quadratic filter improves the representation of the song envelope while preserving information about the song's fine structure across intensities. Divisive normalization renders the presentation of the song envelope robust to the relatively slow fluctuations in intensity that arise during social interactions, while preserving information about the species-specific fast fluctuations of the envelope. Overall, we demonstrate how a sensory system can benefit from adaptive and nonlinear computations while minimizing concomitant costs arising from ambiguity and complexity of readouts by adapting the code for behaviorally-relevant signals.

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