The effect of a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet and ethnicity on daily glucose profile in type 2 diabetes determined by continuous glucose monitoring

Aim: To investigate acute effects of add-on therapy with the sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitor tofogliflozin to dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors on 24-hour glucose profile and glycemic variability evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients and methods: We studied 17 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized for glycemic control. CGM was performed for 7 consecutive days in the last week of hospitalization. Tofogliflozin 20 mg/day was started on day 4 after initiating CGM and was administered to 10 patients receiving DPP-4 inhibitors and 7 patients not receiving DPP-4 inhibitors. We compared several CGM parameters between day 2 to 3 (ie, before treatment with tofogliflozin) and day 5 to 6 (ie, after starting treatment with tofogliflozin). Results: After starting treatment with tofogliflozin, mean 24-hour glucose and postprandial glucose after each meal were significantly decreased in both groups of patients. Time in range (ie, at a glucose level of 70-180 mg/dL) was significantly increased in both groups. The standard deviation of 24-hour glucose and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, 2 indexes of glycemic variability, were significantly decreased in patients receiving DPP-4 inhibitors but were unchanged in those not receiving these drugs. Conclusions: Add-on therapy with tofogliflozin to DPP-4 inhibitors acutely reduces 24-hour glucose levels and improves glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Continuous glucose monitoring with low-carbohydrate nutritional coaching improves glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized quality improvement program evaluation (Preprint)

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/31184 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dina Griauzde ◽

Grace Ling ◽

Daniel Wray ◽

Melissa DeJonckheere ◽

Kara Mizokami Stout ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Program Evaluation ◽

Quality Improvement ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽

Glucose Monitoring ◽

Quality Improvement Program ◽

Improvement Program ◽

Low Carbohydrate

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Immune Function Response Following a Low-carbohydrate, High-fat Diet (LCHFD) in Patients with type 2 Diabetes

Asian Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.5812/asjsm.106582 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Gerrit Jan Breukelman ◽

Brandon Stuwart Shaw ◽

Albertus Kotze Basson ◽

Trayana Gueorguieva Djarova ◽

Lourens Millard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Cell ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽

Blood Cell Count ◽

High Fat ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Low Carbohydrate

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that can result in micro- and macrovascular complications and is complicated by an impaired healing process. Research suggests that both dietary factors and habitual physical activity influence the hemostatic system through several pathways. Objectives: The study attempted to investigate if a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHFD), on its own or in conjunction with physical activity, could alter hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Participants (n = 39; 31 - 71 y.) were assigned into three groups, which included either a 16 week continuous physical activity program with the consumption of an LCHFD (ExDG) (n = 13; 41 - 71 y), consuming only a LCHFD group (DietG) (n = 13; 31 - 71 y.), or a control group (ConG) (n = 13; 44 - 69 y). Participants in the ExDG were advised only to consume a diet high in fat and not consume more than 50 g of carbohydrates per day. Furthermore, participants had to walk a minimum of 10000 steps per day. The DietG were instructed to only consume a diet high in fat and low in carbohydrates, where the ConG continued with their normal daily routine. Results: No significant changes (P > 0.05) were observed in white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelets, red blood cell distribution width, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and C-reactive protein following ExDG, DietG or in the ConG. Conclusions: A LCHFD on its own or in conjunction with physical activity does not have any effect on the measured hematologic variables in patients with type 2 diabetes. This may be due to the current popular recommendation of LCHFD not being useful in type 2 diabetics and 10000 steps being of insufficient intensity to improve hematologic parameters in type 2 diabetics.

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Following a Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Compared to Reduced Calorie, High Carbohydrate Diet as a Nutritional Intervention in Type Two Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review

Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.5296/jfs.v9i1.17045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Joy Lewis ◽

Kevin Haubrick

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Eating Pattern ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Low Carbohydrate

There is evidence supporting individuals with type 2 diabetes benefit from lifestyle changes through a nutrition intervention that improves diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate if patients with type 2 diabetes following a low carbohydrate, high fat eating pattern is more effective than following a reduced caloric, high carbohydrate eating pattern in the improvement of diabetic (blood glucose and HgbA1c) and cardiovascular (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides) biomarkers. A literature search was conducted on peer-reviewed research trials registered in PubMed, from January 2007 to September 2019 using combinations of the search terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 AND Diet, Ketogenic; OR Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted. The literature was analyzed in chronological order; grouping in four year increments from 2007 to 2019. The thirty-six articles reviewed provide evidence to support the use of a low carbohydrate diet in patients with type 2 diabetes versus a reduced caloric diet. This systematic review highlighted diabetic (HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose) and cardiovascular biomarkers (HDL) of type 2 diabetic patients improve significantly when following a low-carbohydrate, high fat diet versus a reduced calorie, high carbohydrate intake.

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