“Can A Ballerina Eat Ice Cream?”: A Mixed-Method Study on Eating Attitudes and Body Image in Female Ballet Dancers

Aim: We aimed to explore how a group of classical ballet dancers perceived their eating attitudes and their bodies, with special attention to the potential presence of eating disorders (EDs) symptoms and body image (dis)satisfaction.Methods: A cross-sectional, mixed-method study was conducted on fourteen trained classical ballet dancers (18–30 years old). Their experiences, perceptions, and feelings regarding eating attitudes and body image concerning classical ballet were acquired through qualitative focus groups. The presence of EDs symptoms and perception and (dis)satisfaction with body image was analyzed quantitatively through self-report questionnaires.Results: Participants reported concerning eating attitudes during the focus groups, such as the regular practice of several restrictive popular diets, constant restriction of foods considered “heavy” or “fatty,” meal skipping and ignoring signs of hunger, presence of overeating episodes due to stress and anxiety, feeling guilty about breaking their usual diet, classifying foods as “good” and “bad” or “lean” and “fat,” and excluding some of those foods from their usual diets. These reports were partially reflected in the questionnaires, with 50% of the ballerinas showing bulimic symptoms indicative of an unusual eating pattern (only two of them with a significant risk index), 7.1% showing symptoms of moderate binge eating, and 14.3% symptoms of EDs in general. Additionally, when considering their bodies in the context of everyday life, participants were satisfied; however, in the “classical ballet” context, they reported feeling dissatisfied with their shape. These findings were in line with results from the Stunkard's Scale, which revealed that 50% of the sample was dissatisfied with their current body shape and 57.1% indicated that their desired body shape was a leaner figure than one they considered healthy.Conclusions: The constant practice of restrictive diets and other weight-loss strategies to achieve a leaner body were associated with symptoms of EDs and body dissatisfaction in this sample. Importantly, the questionnaires used seemed to underestimate the presence of a disordered eating pattern reported by the participants during focus groups. These data could help to inform psychological and nutritional strategies aimed at improving performance, physical and psychological well-being, and quality of life of ballet dancers.

Hubungan Perilaku Pola Makan Terhadap Kejadian Sindrome Dispepsia Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Angkatan 2018 Universitas Nasional

ABSTRACT : BEHAVIORAL RELATIONSHIP OF DIETARY TO THE INCIDENCE OF DYSPEPSIA SYNDROME IN NURSING STUDENTS FROM THE 2018 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Introduction : Dyspepsia is a term used in a syndrome or a collection of symptoms of discomfort in the form of pain or burning in the epigastrium, early satiety, bloating in the upper gastrointestinal tract, feeling full after eating, nausea, vomiting, and belching in the upper abdomen. . This eating pattern is closely related to activity or eating habits. The diet consists of: frequency of eating, type of food and portion or amount of food.Purpose : This study aims to determine the relationship between eating pattern behavior and the incidence of dyspepsia syndrome in nursing students from the 2018 National University.Method : This study uses a descriptive correlation design with aapproach cross sectional. The time of the study was carried out on 14 - 27 December 2021. Sampling technique using themethod Accidental Sampling.Data were collected by distributing questionnaires on eating behavior and dyspepsia syndrome questionnaires to 83 respondents. The statistical test uses thetest Chi-square.Results : The results of this study found that the nursing students who had a regular diet with positive dyspepsia syndrome were 64 respondents with a percentage (77.1%). Obtained with p-value (0.574).Conclusions : There is no relationship between dietary behavior and the incidence of dyspepsia syndrome in nursing students class 2018 at the National University. Keywords: Behavior, Eating patterns, Dyspepsia syndrome. INTISARI: HIUBUNGAN PERILAKU POLA MAKAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN SINDROME DISPEPSIA PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN ANGKATAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS NASIONAL Latar Belakang : Dispepsia merupakan istilah yang digunakan dalam suatu sindrom atau kumpulan gejala rasa tidak nyaman berupa nyeri atau rasa terbakar pada epigastrium, cepat kenyang, kembung pada saluran cerna bagian atas, rasa penuh setelah makan, mual, muntah, dan sendawa pada perut bagian atas. Pola makan ini erat kaitannya dengan aktivitas atau kebiasaan makan. Pola makan terdiri dari: frekuensi makan, jenis makanan dan porsi atau jumlah makanan.Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Perilaku Pola Makan Terhadap Kejadian Sindrome Dispepsia Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Angkatan 2018 Universitas Nasional.Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan 14 - 27 Desember 2021.Teknik Sampling dengan menggunakan metode Accidental sampling.Data yang dikumpulkan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner perilaku pola makan dan kuesioner sindrome dispepsia kepada responden yang berjumlah 83 responden. Uji statistik menggunsksn uji Chi-square.Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa mahasiswa keperawatan yang memiliki pola makan yang teratur dengan postif sindrome dispepsia sebanyak 64 responden dengan persentase (77,1%). Diperoleh dengan hasil p-value (0,574).Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan anatara perilaku pola makan dan kejadian sindrome dispepsia pada mahasiswa keperawatan angkatan 2018 Universitas Nasional. Diharapkan untuk selalu menjaga perilaku pola makan yang teratur agar tidak menyebabkan kejadian sindrome dispepsia. Kata kunci : Perilaku, Pola makan, Sindrome Dispepsia.

The Impacts of Obesity Related to the Stressors of Nurses

In the era of globalization, the distribution of work activities, increased competitiveness in the labor market and fear of unemployment end up inducing workers to submit to terrible working conditions, with low wages, moral and sexual harassment, accumulation of functions, load excessive hours, among others. These factors can contribute to an imbalance in the emotional state, eating pattern, physical activity routine, sleep and, thus, leading to the emergence of psychological and metabolic diseases [1].

PENERAPAN TERAPI MUSIK PADA IBU HAMIL HIPERTENSI DI PESISIR PAGARBATU SARONGGI

ABSTRAKDi puskesmas saronggi derajad kesehatan ibu dan anak sudah baik tetapi masih ada permasalahan untuk ibu hamil yang mengalami hipertensi dalam kehamilannya, yaitu sekitar 21 % di desa pagarbatu dan desa talang. Dari 31 % ini terbanyak di desa pagarbatu. angka kejadian hipertensi dalam kehamilan tinggi di desa pagarbatu disebabkan karena masyarakatnya dalam mengkonsumsi garam melebihi takaran, menu makanan yang asal-asalan karena rata-rata penduduknya adalah nelayan, dan jika diterapi obat hipertensi tidak dikonsumsi karena akan berakibat buruk pada anaknya, untuk memutuskan masalah, penyelesaian pengobatan alternatif dengan pengobatan nonfarmakologi yaitu dengan menggunakan terapi musik serta melakukan penyuluhan tentang pola makan yang benar ini. Tujuan PKM ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menurunkan angka kejadian hipertensi ibu hamil dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dan penerapan terapi musik. Metode : dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan terapi musik, Hasil dari kegiatan penearapan terapi music yaitu: pengetahuan masyarakat (ibu hamil) tentang pola makan meningkat 89% dan hipertensi yang berhasil mengalami penurunan pada minggu ke 3-4 terapi yaitu rata-rata 110/70 mmHg. Kata kunci: hipertensi; musik; pengetahuan. ABSTRACTAt the Saronggi Public Health Center, the degree of maternal and child health is good but there are still problems for pregnant women who experience hypertension in pregnancy, which is about 21% in the village of Pagarbatu and Talang Village. Of this 31%, most are in the village of Pagarbatu. The high incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in the village of Pagarbatu is caused by the people consuming salt in excess of the dose, the food menu is careless because the average population is fishermen, and if hypertension medication is treated it is not consumed because it will have a bad effect on the child, to decide the problem, The completion of alternative medicine with non-pharmacological treatment is by using music therapy and conducting counseling about this correct eating pattern. The study aimed in this PKM is to increase knowledge and reduce the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women by using the lecture method and the application of music therapy. Methods: by providing counseling and music therapy, Results: public knowledge (pregnant women) about diet increased by 89% and successful hypertension decreased in the 3-4th week of therapy with an average of 110/70 mmHg. Keywords: hypertension; music; knowledge.

Determining Forms of Expressions of Food Violence in Venezuela

In the present investigation, the existence of various forms of expression of food violence in Venezuela was determined, through the measurement of contextualized variables within the established classification. The existence and aggravation of forms of economic expression of food violence were determined, with a relative improvement in food availability but an increase in the difficulty of access: the basic food basket was located in December 2020 at $180.16, and the minimum wage at $6.35, which covers only 3.5% of the basic food basket. Additionally, a substantial increase in the use of the US dollar was determined, in parallel to the Venezuelan legal tender (Bolívar) as well as the introduction of the electronic currency “Petro”, which distorts the food access market and hinders the accessibility. Likewise, the effectiveness index for the delivery of food subsidies and the ability to satisfy the basic food basket through the food programs was determined. The existence of forms of moral expression of food violence was determined by observing in the respondents, high levels of dissatisfaction in the delivery criteria both in a general and community way and high levels of inappropriate perception of the use of propaganda or political advertising in the delivery of help with the no consulted use of the image of the beneficiaries. Forms of emotional expression of food violence were evidenced, showing high levels of dissatisfaction and uncertainty in the ability to purchase food, as well as high levels of anguish. Forms of cultural expression of food violence were determined, by determining changes in the ancestral and traditional eating pattern of the Venezuelan, as well as high measurements of dissatisfaction in the forced change in said pattern, as well as in the alteration of tastes and preferences expressed by the respondents have experienced. Sanitary forms of expression of food violence were evidenced, by determining considerable percentages in the consumption of basic products such as flour and sugar in bulk with ignorance of the brand and origin of the food and high levels of dissatisfaction with the realization of this type of consumption. No physical forms of expression of Food Violence were evidenced when the queues for food access were apparently stopped, and the use of body markings.

A Low-Glucose Eating Pattern Improves Biomarkers of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk: An Exploratory Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Feasibility Trial

Postmenopausal breast cancer is the most common obesity-related cancer death among women in the U.S. Insulin resistance, which worsens in the setting of obesity, is associated with higher breast cancer incidence and mortality. Maladaptive eating patterns driving insulin resistance represent a key modifiable risk factor for breast cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that time-restricted feeding paradigms (TRF) improve cancer-related metabolic risk factors; however, more flexible approaches could be more feasible and effective. In this exploratory, secondary analysis, we identified participants following a low-glucose eating pattern (LGEP), defined as consuming energy when glucose levels are at or below average fasting levels, as an alternative to TRF. Results show that following an LGEP regimen for at least 40% of reported eating events improves insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and other cancer-related serum biomarkers. The magnitude of serum biomarkers changes observed here has previously been shown to favorably modulate benign breast tissue in women with overweight and obesity who are at risk for postmenopausal breast cancer. By comparison, the observed effects of LGEP were similar to results from previously published TRF studies in similar populations. These preliminary findings support further testing of LGEP as an alternative to TRF and a postmenopausal breast cancer prevention strategy. However, results should be interpreted with caution, given the exploratory nature of analyses.

Adopting a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with low, but not moderate, unprocessed, lean red meat intake reduces fasting serum trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in adults who are overweight or obese

A Mediterranean-style eating pattern (MED-EP) may include moderate red meat intake. However, it is unknown if the pro-atherogenic metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is affected by the amount of red meat consumed with a MED-EP. The results presented are from a secondary, retrospective objective of an investigator-blinded, randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial (two 5-wk interventions separated by a 4-wk washout) to determine if a MED-EP with 200g unprocessed lean red meat/wk (MED-CONTROL) reduces circulating TMAO concentrations compared to a MED-EP with 500g unprocessed lean red meat/wk (MED-RED). Participants were 27 women and 12 men (n=39 total) who were either overweight or obese (BMI: 30.5 ± 0.3 kg/m2 mean ± SEM). Serum samples were obtained following an overnight fast both before (pre) and after (post) each intervention. Fasting serum TMAO, choline, carnitine, and betaine concentrations were measured using a targeted Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed to assess if (a) TMAO and related metabolites differed by intervention, and (b) if changes in TMAO were associated with changes in Framingham 10-year risk score. Serum TMAO was lower post-intervention following MED-CONTROL compared to MED-RED intervention (post-MED-CONTROL 3.1 ± 0.2 µM vs. post-MED-RED 5.0 ± 0.5 µM, p<0.001), and decreased following MED-CONTROL (pre- vs post-MED-CONTROL, p = 0.025). Exploratory analysis using mixed model analysis of covariance identified a positive association between changes in TMAO and changes in HOMA-IR (p = 0.036). These results suggest that lower amounts of red meat intake leads to lower TMAO concentrations in the context of a MED-EP.

Association between Diet and Xerostomia: Is Xerostomia a Barrier to a Healthy Eating Pattern?

Objective. Xerostomia is a subjective feeling of dry mouth and is commonly observed in patients with autoimmune diseases. Our study examines the association between xerostomia and diet. Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional study includes 1405 adults from 15 Lithuanian geographical areas (52% response rate). A self-reported questionnaire inquired about xerostomia, sex, age, education, residence, and consumption of selected 23 diet items. For the multivariable analysis, 23 diet items were categorized into eight major diet groups. The data were analyzed by bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results. When comparing participants with and without xerostomia, there were significant differences in consumption frequencies concerning cold-pressed oil (p = 0.013), bread (p = 0.029), processed meat products (p = 0.016), fat and lean fish (p = 0.009), and probiotic supplements (p = 0.002). In the multivariable binary logistic regression model, when controlled for other determinants, the higher consumption of carbohydrates (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.23–0.65), proteins (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.99), and oils (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34–1.00) was associated with a lower likelihood of xerostomia. Conclusions. The association between xerostomia and the consumption of the six diet items—cold-pressed oils, lean and fat fish, bread, processed meat, and probiotic supplements— and the three major diet groups—carbohydrates, proteins, and oils—was observed. Longitudinal studies are needed to validate the observed associations.

Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern and Cancer Risk in a Prospective Cohort Study

A Mediterranean-style diet is a healthy eating pattern that may benefit cancer risk, but evidence among Americans is scarce. We examined the prospective association between adherence to such a diet pattern and total cancer risk. A Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MSDP) score was derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at exam 5 (1991–1995). Subjects included 2966 participants of the Framingham Offspring Study who were free of prevalent cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric measures. Cox-models were also used to examine effect modification by lifestyle and anthropometric measures. During 18 years of median follow-up, 259 women and 352 men were diagnosed with cancer. Women with moderate or higher adherence to the MSDP had ≥25% lower risks of cancer than women with the lowest MSDP (HR (moderate vs. lowest): 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52–0.97 and HR (highest vs. lowest): 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55–0.99). The association between MSDP score and cancer risk in men was weaker except in non-smokers. Beneficial effects of the MSDP in women were stronger among those who were not overweight. In this study, higher adherence to MSDP was associated with lower cancer risk, especially among women.