Effects of l-arginine on aggregates of fatty-acid/potassium soap in the aqueous media

2005 ◽  
Vol 284 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Hirai ◽  
Hideya Kawasaki ◽  
Shimon Tanaka ◽  
Norio Nemoto ◽  
Masao Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Potassium Soap

Molecular Association in Fatty Acid-Potassium Soap Systems

1968 ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. GODDARD ◽  
S. GOLDWASSER ◽  
G. GOLIKERI ◽  
H. C. KUNG
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Association ◽  
Potassium Soap

Production of glycerides from glycerol and fatty acid by immobilized lipases in non-aqueous media

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ergan ◽  
M. Trani ◽  
G. André
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Immobilized Lipases

Spontaneous Self-Organization via Cation Exchange in Fatty Acid Films Immersed in Aqueous Media

Langmuir ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1078-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ganguly ◽  
S. Pal ◽  
Murali Sastry ◽  
M. N. Shashikala
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Self Organization

scholarly journals Photophysical and Biological Properties of Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes Functionalised with Fatty Acid Chains

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Chiara Caporale ◽  
Anna Maria Ranieri ◽  
Silvano Paternoster ◽  
Christie A. Bader ◽  
Marco Falasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cellular Imaging ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Yellow Emission ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity

Five cyclometalated Ir(III) tetrazolato complexes functionalised with fatty acid chains (octanoic, palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, and oleic) have been synthesised. The fatty acids were chosen to evaluate the potential effect of the length and degree of unsaturation on the biological properties of the complexes for use as cellular imaging agents. The complexes were analysed in both organic and aqueous media to determine if the presence and nature of the fatty acid chains had a significant effect on their photophysical properties. The complexes display green–yellow emission in dichloromethane solutions with relatively long excited state decays, within the range 360–393 ns, and quantum yields between 5.4% and 6.7% (from degassed solutions). Temperature-dependent photophysical studies suggest that the emitting excited states of the complexes might be quenched by the thermal population of dark states. In water, the quantum yields drop within the range of 0.5%–2.4%, and the photophysical measurements are influenced by the variable degrees of aggregation. In general, the entire series displayed low cytotoxicity and relatively high photostability, which are favourable attributes in the design of cellular imaging agents. Images of live HeLa cells were obtained for all the complexes, but those functionalised with palmitic and stearic acids had limitations due the lower solubility conferred by the saturated aliphatic chains. The complexes were mainly detected within the endoplasmic reticulum.

Lipase-Catalyzed Synthesis of Sucrose Fatty Acid Ester and the Mechanism of Ultrasonic Promoting Esterification Reaction in Non-Aqueous Media

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Chan Zhang ◽  
Chan Zhang ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Cheng Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ultrasonic Irradiation ◽  
Fatty Acid Ester ◽  
Acid Ester ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Novozym 435 ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Sucrose Fatty Acid Ester

The preparation of sucrose fatty acid ester (SFAE) by lipase-catalyzing reaction usingCandida antarcticalipase B (CalB) and its immobilized form Novozym 435 was reported in this work. The preparation was characterized in non-aqueous media with and without ultrasound irradiation treatment. A conversion rate of SFAE up to 49.60% was achieved using Novozym 435 under the optimal conditions (45.4°C; mole ratio of methyl oleate to sucrose = 6.0:1; 4.0 mL acetone; 4.0 mg/mL Novozym 435; and 24.6 h of reaction). Under optimal ultrasound conditions (50 kHz, 0.15 W/cm2, 166.55 min), reaction time decreased by 75% approximately, compared with the control without ultrasonic irradiation, but the ultrasound irradiation treatment did not affect the SFAE yield catalyzed by Novozym 435. In the CalB-catalyzed preparation of SFAE under the same optimal reaction conditions, ultrasonic irradiation enhanced the activity of CalB during early time points and inhibited its activity after a long period of treatment. Moreover, CalB was further examined using Far-UV circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the conformation and micro-morphology of CalB structural variations in various ultrasound irradiation treatments. CD results indicated that α-helical regions were increased and random coil regions remained at a similar level of proportion. SEM images showed small holes appeared on the surface of irradiated CalB. Therefore, we conclude that proper ultrasound irradiation could change the secondary structure and the surface morphology of the CalB in molecular level, and could accelerate the esterification reaction process.

scholarly journals Micellar solubilization of fatty acids in aqueous media containing bile salts and phospholipids

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smith ◽  
A. K. Lough
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Micellar Solution ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Micellar Solubilization ◽  
Acid Solubility ◽  
Ph Range

1. The solubility of fatty acids in aqueous media containing bile salts alone and in admixture with either lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) or phosphatidylethanolamine was determined.2. Over the pH range 2.0–7.4, the order of fatty acid solubility in aqueous solutions containing bile salts was linoleic > oleic > elaidic > palmitic > stearic. The solubility of each fatty acid increased as the pH of the micellar solution increased.3. Addition of lecithin to aqueous solutions of bile salts greatly increased the solubility of palmitic acid and stearic acid.4. In the presence of bile salts and lecithin, the solubility of oleic acid and elaidic acid decreased with increasing pH of the micellar solution, indicating a competitive effect between the fatty acid anions and lecithin. The solubility of linoleic acid increased linearly with lecithin concentration.5. Phosphatidylethanolamine as an additive to bile salts increased the solubility of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the pH range 2.0–7.4. The effectiveness of phosphatidylethanolamine as an amphiphile was similar to that of lecithin, although at pH 3.0 fatty acid solubility was greater in the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine.6. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the intestinal absorption of fatty acids in sheep.

Temperature Dependence of the Critical Electron Dose for Fatty Acid Monolayers

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Kenneth H. Downing ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Strong Temperature Dependence ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Covalent Bonds

The structural damage of molecules irradiated by electrons is generally considered to occur in two steps. The direct result of inelastic scattering events is the disruption of covalent bonds. Following changes in bond structure, movement of the constituent atoms produces permanent distortions of the molecules. Since at least the second step should show a strong temperature dependence, it was to be expected that cooling a specimen should extend its lifetime in the electron beam. This result has been found in a large number of experiments, but the degree to which cooling the specimen enhances its resistance to radiation damage has been found to vary widely with specimen types.

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