Nonmotor symptoms of 820 Taiwanese patients with Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory-comparative study

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with motor and nonmotor symptoms. Drooling, one of the nonmotor symptoms, can be present in 70–80% of patients with PD. The aim of this paper is to study the characteristics of PD patients with drooling compared to those without in terms of age, gender, disease duration, stage of the disease, swallowing difficulties, and health-related quality of life; methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was divided into two groups: PD with drooling (n = 32) and PD without drooling (n = 30). Age, gender, disease duration and Hoehn & Yahr (H & Y) stage, Sialorrhea Clinical Scale for Parkinson’s Disease (SCS-PD), the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), and the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were compared between groups; Results: 62 individuals with PD, 40 men and 22 women (mean age 73 ± 8 years), were included. Overall, 32 patients reported drooling, and 30 did not exhibit it. The ANCOVA found significant differences between groups for the EAT-10 score (0.83, 95% CI = 5.62–9.03; p = 0.016) and SCS-PD score (1.48, 95% CI = 0.86–6.81; p < 0.001). Analysis of the PDQ-39 scores revealed no significant differences between groups for the PDQ-39 total score (p > 0.057) and in all subscales. The inclusion of gender, age, disease duration, and H & Y as covariates did not influence the results (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: drooling is related to swallowing difficulties assessed with EAT-10 but not with health-related quality of life assessed with PDQ-39 in PD patients with drooling compared to PD patients without it. Age, gender, duration of the disease, and the H & Y state of PD patients with and without drooling seem to be similar.

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Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease: Antagonistic Pleiotropy Phenomena Derived from α-Synuclein Evolvability?

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2018/5789424 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yoshiki Takamatsu ◽

Masayo Fujita ◽

Gilbert J. Ho ◽

Ryoko Wada ◽

Shuei Sugama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Lewy Body ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Lewy Bodies ◽

Antagonistic Pleiotropy ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Novel Therapy ◽

Wide Range ◽

Lewy Body Diseases

Lewy body diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are associated with a wide range of nonmotor symptoms (NMS), including cognitive impairment, depression and anxiety, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal symptoms, and autonomic failure. The reason why such diverse and disabling NMS have not been weeded out but have persisted across evolution is unknown. As such, one possibility would be that the NMS might be somehow beneficial during development and/or reproductive stages, a possibility consistent with our recent view as to the evolvability of amyloidogenic proteins (APs) such as α-synuclein (αS) and amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. Based on the heterogeneity of protofibrillar AP forms in terms of structure and cytotoxicity, we recently proposed that APs might act as vehicles to deliver information regarding diverse internal and environmental stressors. Also, we defined evolvability to be an epigenetic phenomenon whereby APs are transgenerationally transmitted from parents to offspring to cope with future brain stressors in the offspring, likely benefitting the offspring. In this context, the main objective is to discuss whether NMS might be relevant to evolvability. According to this view, information regarding NMS may be transgenerationally transmitted by heterogeneous APs to offspring, preventing or attenuating the stresses related to such symptoms. On the other hand, NMS associated with Lewy body pathology might manifest through an aging-associated antagonistic pleiotropy mechanism. Given that NMS are not only specific to Lewy body diseases but also displayed in other disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington’s disease (HD), these conditions might share common mechanisms related to evolvability. This might give insight into novel therapy strategies based on antagonistic pleiotropy rather than on individual NMS from which to develop disease-modifying therapies.

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Correlations between plasma levels of amino acids and nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease

Journal of Neural Transmission ◽

10.1007/s00702-014-1280-5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 122 (3) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Qing Tong ◽

Qinrong Xu ◽

Qiang Xia ◽

Yongsheng Yuan ◽

Li Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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Restless Legs Syndrome in Parkinson's Disease Patients: Clinical Features Including Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms

Journal of Clinical Neurology ◽

10.3988/jcn.2019.15.3.321 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 321 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sooyeoun You ◽

Soo Myeong Jeon ◽

So Young Do ◽

Yong Won Cho

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Restless Legs

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Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

Neurologic Clinics ◽

10.1016/j.ncl.2013.04.013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. S1-S16 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Victor W. Sung ◽

Anthony P. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms

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The Effects of Group-Based versus Individual-Based Tai Chi Training on Nonmotor Symptoms in Patients with Mild to Moderate Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1155/2017/8562867 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jing Hui Yang ◽

Ya Qun Wang ◽

Sai Qing Ye ◽

You Gen Cheng ◽

Yu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Tai Chi ◽

Compliance Rate ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Home Exercise ◽

Hamilton Depression Scale ◽

Nonmotor Symptoms ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Exercise Compliance

Objective. To compare the effects of group-based and individual-based Tai Chi training on nonmotor symptoms in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease. Design. Randomized controlled pilot study. Methods. 36 community-dwelling patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) were randomly assigned to either group-based training group (n=19) or individual-based group (n=17). Both groups received same content of Tai Chi training 3 times a week for 13 weeks. Participants were also asked to perform home exercises daily. The Non-Motor Symptoms Scale was used to assess global nonmotor symptoms change. Sleep quality, depression, and cognition were evaluated by Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, and Beijing version-Montreal Cognitive Assessment, respectively. Home exercise compliance was recorded. Results. There was no significant difference between two groups at baseline. After 13 weeks, there were no statistical significance between two groups. However, the within-group effect was different. Participants in group-based and individual-based groups showed a significant improvement on global nonmotor symptoms (P<0.001, P=0.004) and sleep (P<0.001, P<0.001). But only group-based training patients presented a significant improvement in cognitive impairment compared with baseline (P=0.002, P-0.116). For depression, no group gained a significant improvement(P=0.123, P=0.170). Group-based participants had a higher home-exercise compliance rate (HeCR) than individual-based participants did (P=0.019), and HeCR showed a moderate correlation with MoCA-BJ and NMSS scores changes in this study. Conclusion. Group-based Tai Chi training is considered to be a more effective and a more labor-saving method in the clinical settings, and patients tend to have a higher compliance rate in their home exercise program. This study is registered with ChiCTR-IPR-17010388.

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