The role of connexins during early embryonic development: pluripotent stem cells, gene editing, and artificial embryonic tissues as tools to close the knowledge gap

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Wörsdörfer ◽  
Nicole Wagner ◽  
Süleyman Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Embryonic Tissues

Dynamic reprogramming and function of RNA N6-methyladenosine modification during porcine early embryonic development

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tong Yu ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Wei Ning ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Parthenogenetic Activation ◽  
Methylation Inhibitor ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
And Function

Summary N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) regulates oocyte-to-embryo transition and the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the role of m6A methylation in porcine early embryonic development and its reprogramming characteristics in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos are yet to be known. Here, we showed that m6A methylation was essential for normal early embryonic development and its aberrant reprogramming in SCNT embryos. We identified a persistent occurrence of m6A methylation in embryos between 1-cell to blastocyst stages and m6A levels abruptly increased during the morula-to-blastocyst transition. Cycloleucine (methylation inhibitor, 20 mM) treatment efficiently reduced m6A levels, significantly decreased the rates of 4-cell embryos and blastocysts, and disrupted normal lineage allocation. Moreover, cycloleucine treatment also led to higher levels in both apoptosis and autophagy in blastocysts. Furthermore, m6A levels in SCNT embryos at the 4-cell and 8-cell stages were significantly lower than that in parthenogenetic activation (PA) embryos, suggesting an abnormal reprogramming of m6A methylation in SCNT embryos. Correspondingly, expression levels of m6A writers (METTL3 and METTL14) and eraser (FTO) were apparently higher in SCNT 8-cell embryos compared with their PA counterparts. Taken together, these results indicated that aberrant nuclear transfer-mediated reprogramming of m6A methylation was involved in regulating porcine early embryonic development.

scholarly journals Differential role of natural killer group 2D in recognition and cytotoxicity of hepatocyte‐like cells derived from embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1652-1662
Author(s):  
Trinidad Cisneros ◽  
Danielle W. Dillard ◽  
Xiumei Qu ◽  
Justin Arredondo‐Guerrero ◽  
Martha Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals BAF Complex in Embryonic Stem Cells and Early Embryonic Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Heyao Zhang ◽  
Xuepeng Wang ◽  
Jingsheng Li ◽  
Ronghua Shi ◽  
Ying Ye
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Mouse Escs ◽  
Baf Complex ◽  
Pluripotency Gene ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
Gene Regulatory

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can self-renew indefinitely and maintain their pluripotency status. The pluripotency gene regulatory network is critical in controlling these properties and particularly chromatin remodeling complexes. In this review, we summarize the research progresses of the functional and mechanistic studies of BAF complex in mouse ESCs and early embryonic development. A discussion of the mechanistic bases underlying the distinct phenotypes upon the deletion of different BAF subunits in ESCs and embryos will be highlighted.

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