An historical perspective on “The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus”

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth K. Kidd ◽  
Andrew J. Pakstis ◽  
Libing Yun
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Locus ◽  
The World ◽  
D4 Receptor

The world-wide distribution of allele frequencies at the human dopamine D4 receptor locus

1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fong-Ming Chang ◽  
Judith R. Kidd ◽  
Kenneth J. Livak ◽  
Andrew J. Pakstis ◽  
K. K. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Locus ◽  
The World ◽  
D4 Receptor

scholarly journals Nonreplication of Linkage Disequilibrium between the Dopamine D4 Receptor Locus and Tourette Syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Hebebrand ◽  
Markus M. Nöthen ◽  
Andreas Ziegler ◽  
Birgit Klug ◽  
Helge Neidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Locus ◽  
D4 Receptor

New combinations and synonyms in the Lichinaceae

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aino Henssen ◽  
Per Magnus Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThe following new combinations are made: Anema cernohorskyi (Servít) Henssen, A. prodigulum(Nyl.) Henssen, Cryptothelelaatokkaënsis (Vainio) Henssen, C. rhodosticta (Taylor) Henssen, Gonohymenia heppii (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, G. iodopulchra (Crozals) Henssen, G. minnesotensis (Fink) Henssen, G. polyspora (Magnusson) Henssen, G. schleicheri (Hepp) Henssen, Metamelanea caesiella (Th. Fr.) Henssen, Paulia myriocarpa (Zahlbr.) Henssen, P. pyrenoides (Nyl.) Henssen, P. schroederi (Zahlbr.) Henssen, Peccania arabica (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, P. teretiuscula (Flagey) Henssen, P. tiruncula (Nyl.) Henssen, Pterygiopsis coracodiza (Nyl.) Henssen, P. umbilicaia (Vezda) Henssen, Thelignya groenlandica(Dahl) Henssen, T. Hgnyota (Wahlenb.) P. M. Jørg. & Henssen, Thyrea pachyphylla (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, T.pachyphylla var. laxa (Müll. Arg.) Henssen. The following new names (one as a new species) were found necessary: Pyrenopsis haematina P. M. Jørg. & Henssen and Thyrea confusa Henssen. New synonyms are given for several names. The world-wide distribution of the genera Phloeopeccania and Pterygiopsis is mentioned.

Association analysis of exon III and exon I polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor locus in Mexican psychotic patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Julia Aguirre ◽  
Rogelio Apiquián ◽  
Ana Fresán ◽  
Carlos Cruz-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Locus ◽  
D4 Receptor

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF THE HORNTAILS AND SAWFLIES, OR THE SUB-ORDER PHYTOPHAGA

1898 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 305-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Ashmead
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
The World

Family XIV. Tenthredinidae.This family is probably the most extensive of any of the families of the sawflies, and is of world-wide distribution, representatives of it being found in all parts of the world, although, as a whole, it is more numerously represented in the Palearctic and Neotropical regions than elsewhere.

The Dopamine D4 Receptor (DRD4) Exon 3 VNTR Contributes to Adaptive Personality Differences in an Italian Small Island Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Camperio Ciani ◽  
Shany Edelman ◽  
Richard P. Ebstein
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Repeat Region ◽  
Dopamine D4 Receptor ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
D4 Receptor

The search for evolutionary forces shaping the diversity of human personality traits encouraged studies that have found that islanders are relatively closed and introverted, with little interest in the external world. The ‘personality gene flow’ hypothesis was proposed to explain the mechanism underlying this difference, suggesting that the frequency of alleles that influence islander personality traits might progressively increase in the gene pools on islands because of selective emigration of individuals not displaying these alleles. We genotyped 96 individuals from the Italian mainland and 117 from Giglio Island, whose residents were previously assessed regarding their personality traits. We genotyped three polymorphisms: the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) exon 3 repeat region, the serotonin–transporter SLC6A4 5–HTTLPR indel and the dopamine transporter SLC6A3 DAT1 3′UTR repeat region. Only the DRD4 exon 3 repeat was hypothesised to show varying allele frequencies because this polymorphism could be associated with human migration and personality traits such as extraversion, openness and novelty seeking. As predicted, no differences in allele frequencies were found for the SLC6A4 and SLC6A3 polymorphisms, whereas significant differences were observed in the frequency of the DRD4 exon 3 alleles. The DRD4.2 repeat was more common in mainlanders, as expected, whereas the DRD4.7 allele was over–represented among islanders who never emigrated. This last result contradicts the suggested association of this allele with long–distance migrations. We suggest that emigration might have caused gene flow out the island that resulted in somewhat unpredictable changes in the frequencies of specific alleles, thus influencing islander personality traits. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology

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