Whole-body cold tolerance in older Korean female divers “haenyeo” during cold air exposure: effects of repetitive cold exposure and aging

Introduction: Cold-induced urticaria is a subset of physical urticaria that presents as wheals or angioedema in response to cold exposure. While most cases are idiopathic, secondary associations with infections, medications, and certain cancers have been described. Case Report: We discuss the case of a 50-year-old male with recent episodes of urticaria from cold air exposure following a flu-like illness six months prior, who presented with symptoms of anaphylaxis upon jumping into a lake. Conclusion: While the majority of patients develop localized symptoms, understanding this disease entity is imperative as up to one-third of patients can develop severe symptoms including anaphylaxis, particularly from water submersion during activities such as swimming.

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Brown Fat Activity Determined by Infrared Thermography and Thermogenesis Measurement Using Whole Body Calorimetry (BRIGHT Study)

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.934190 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 85-97

Author(s):

S. TAY ◽

H. GOH ◽

P. GOVINDHARAJULU ◽

J. CHENG ◽

S. CAMPS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Thermography ◽

Population Level ◽

Whole Body ◽

Heat Power ◽

Cumulative Energy ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Air ◽

Bat Activity ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Neutral Conditions

To assess BAT activity in humans at a population level, infrared thermography (IRT) represents a safe, readily repeatable and affordable alternative to 18F-FDG-PET. Building upon a previously proposed method by our laboratory, we further refined the image computational algorithm to quantify BAT activation in the cervical-supraclavicular (C-SCV) region of healthy young men under thermo-neutral and cold exposure conditions. Additionally, we validated the whole-body calorimeter (WBC) in reliably measuring cold-induced thermogenesis. The temperature gradient between C-SCV-deltoid regions, and the corresponding difference in heat power output, increased upon cold air exposure relative to thermo-neutral conditions (by 74.88 %, p<0.0001; and by 71.34 %, p<0.0001 respectively). Resting and cumulative energy expenditure (EE) rose significantly (by 13.14 % and 9.12 % respectively, p=0.0001) while positive correlations between IRT measures and EE were found with cold air exposure (percentage change in heat power gradient between ROI and deltoid, cold air: r2=0.29, p=0.026, Pearson's correlation). IRT and WBC can be used to study BAT activation. The refined algorithm allows for more automation and objectivity in IRT data analysis, especially under cold air exposures.

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The Role of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Sessions in the Neurophysiological Responses to Experimental Whole-Body Cold Air Exposure in Humans

Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.17238/issn2542-1298.2019.7.3.261 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 261-271

Author(s):

Denis B. Demin ◽

◽

Liliya V. Poskotinova ◽

Elena V. Krivonogova ◽

Ol’ga V. Krivonogova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Whole Body ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Air ◽

Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback

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Mechanisms of cold acclimatization in the cat

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1963.18.4.778 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 778-780 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Thomas Adams

Keyword(s):

Cold Exposure ◽

Whole Body ◽

Metabolic Rates ◽

Body Temperatures ◽

Peripheral Vascular ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Acclimatization ◽

Tissue Insulation ◽

Body Heat ◽

Internal Body

Thermoregulatory control in cats living at 25 C was compared to the regulation of body temperature in the same species after continuous whole-body cold exposure to an ambient temperature of 5 C for periods exceeding 2 months. Rectal and extremity temperatures and metabolic rates for the two groups were examined during acute (2-hr) air exposures to 23, 10, and 0 C. Cold acclimatizing mechanisms in the cat involve a redistribution of body heat at 23 C, obligating increased heat flux at the expense of elevated metabolism, an improved peripheral vascular defense (increase functional tissue insulation) during moderate cold exposure (10 C), and a greater ability to increase heat production accompanied by more labile peripheral vasomotion, during more severe cold air exposure (0 C). Although resting at 23 C, cold-acclimatized cats had lower rectal temperatures and were able to maintain higher internal body temperatures during both levels of cold stress compared to noncold-acclimatized animals. Submitted on November 1, 1962

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Cochrane review: whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine ◽

10.1111/jebm.12187 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 43-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Joseph T Costello ◽

Philip RA Baker ◽

Geoffrey M Minett ◽

Francois Bieuzen ◽

Ian B Stewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Soreness ◽

Cochrane Review ◽

Whole Body ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Air ◽

Extreme Cold ◽

Whole Body Cryotherapy

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Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

10.1002/14651858.cd010789 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joseph T Costello ◽

Philip RA Baker ◽

Geoffrey M Minett ◽

Francois Bieuzen ◽

Ian B Stewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Soreness ◽

Whole Body ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Air ◽

Extreme Cold ◽

Whole Body Cryotherapy

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Exertional fatigue, sleep loss, and negative energy balance increase susceptibility to hypothermia

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.85.4.1210 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 1210-1217 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Andrew J. Young ◽

John W. Castellani ◽

Catherine O’Brien ◽

Ronald L. Shippee ◽

Peter Tikuisis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Military Training ◽

Sleep Loss ◽

Negative Energy ◽

Negative Energy Balance ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Cold Air ◽

Tissue Insulation

The purpose of this study was to determine how chronic exertional fatigue and sleep deprivation coupled with negative energy balance affect thermoregulation during cold exposure. Eight men wearing only shorts and socks sat quietly during 4-h cold air exposure (10°C) immediately after (<2 h, A) they completed 61 days of strenuous military training (energy expenditure ∼4,150 kcal/day, energy intake ∼3,300 kcal/day, sleep ∼4 h/day) and again after short (48 h, SR) and long (109 days, LR) recovery. Body weight decreased 7.4 kg from before training to A, then increased 6.4 kg by SR, with an additional 6.4 kg increase by LR. Body fat averaged 12% during A and SR and increased to 21% during LR. Rectal temperature (Tre) was lower before and during cold air exposure for A than for SR and LR. Tre declined during cold exposure in A and SR but not LR. Mean weighted skin temperature (T sk) during cold exposure was higher in A and SR than in LR. Metabolic rate increased during all cold exposures, but it was lower during A and LR than SR. The mean body temperature (0.67 Tre + 0.33T sk) threshold for increasing metabolism was lower during A than SR and LR. Thus chronic exertional fatigue and sleep loss, combined with underfeeding, reduced tissue insulation and blunted metabolic heat production, which compromised maintenance of body temperature. A short period of rest, sleep, and refeeding restored the thermogenic response to cold, but thermal balance in the cold remained compromised until after several weeks of recovery when tissue insulation had been restored.

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Hypohydration and thermoregulation in cold air

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.84.1.185 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 185-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Catherine O’Brien ◽

Andrew J. Young ◽

Michael N. Sawka

Keyword(s):

Skin Temperature ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Plasma Osmolality ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mean Skin Temperature ◽

Finger Temperature ◽

Cold Air ◽

Vasoconstrictor Response ◽

Weight Decrease ◽

Body Heat

O’Brien, Catherine, Andrew J. Young, and Michael N. Sawka.Hypohydration and thermoregulation in cold air. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 185–189, 1998.—This study examined the effects of hypohydration on thermoregulation during cold exposure. In addition, the independent influences of hypohydration-associated hypertonicity and hypovolemia were investigated. Nine male volunteers were monitored for 30 min at 25°C, then for 120 min at 7°C, under three counterbalanced conditions: euhydration (Eu), hypertonic hypohydration (HH), and isotonic hypohydration (IH). Hypohydration was achieved 12 h before cold exposure by inducing sweating (HH) or by ingestion of furosemide (IH). Body weight decrease (4.1 ± 0.2%) caused by hypohydration was similar for HH and IH, but differences ( P < 0.05) were found between HH and IH in plasma osmolality (292 ± 1 vs. 284 ± 1 mosmol/kgH2O) and plasma volume reduction (−8 ± 2 vs. −18 ± 3%). Heat debt (349 ± 14 among) did not differ ( P > 0.05) among trials. Mean skin temperature decreased throughout cold exposure during Eu but plateaued after 90 min during HH and IH. Forearm-finger temperature gradient tended ( P = 0.06) to be greater during Eu (10.0 ± 0.7°C) than during HH or IH (8.9 ± 0.7°C). This suggests weaker vasoconstrictor tone during hypohydration than during Eu. Final mean skin temperature was higher for HH than for Eu or IH (23.5 ± 0.3, 22.6 ± 0.4, and 22.9 ± 0.3°C, respectively), and insulation was lower on HH than on IH (0.13 ± 0.01 vs. 0.15 ± 0.01°C ⋅ W−1 ⋅ m−2, respectively), but not with Eu (0.14 ± 0.01°C ⋅ W−1 ⋅ m−2). This provides some evidence that hypertonicity impairs the vasoconstrictor response to cold. Although mild hypohydration did not affect body heat balance during 2-h whole body exposure to moderate cold, hypohydration-associated hypertonicity may have subtle effects on vasoconstriction that could become important during a more severe cold exposure.

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