Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present information on the past sea-level fluctuations of sedimentary rock succession of the Perlis area that covers the Mempelam Limestone, Timah Tasoh Formation, Sanai Limestone, Telaga Jatoh Formation, Kubang Pasu Formation, and Chuping Formation at Bukit Tungku Lembu and Guar Sanai, Perlis, Malaysia. Based on sedimentology logging, cycle stacking patterns, and accommodation variations revealed by Fischer plots, 51 cyclic sequences of third-order depositional sequences are recognized. These sequences generally consist of transgressive and regressive events. As the thickness of the cycle column increases, it forms an increase in accommodation space and subsidence rate and results in rising sea level. As the thickness of the cycle column decreases, it will form a decrease in accommodation space and subsidence rate and resulting in sea-level fall. Generally, the facies of the cycle are vertically arranged, forming coarsening and fining upward patterns observed from sedimentology logging. The Silurian Mempelam Limestone-Carboniferous Chepor Member sequence is characterized by a progressive increase and decrease in accommodation space, indicating a rise and fall in sea level. In contrast, the Carboniferous Uppermost Kubang Pasu-Permian Chuping Limestone sequence is characterized by a progressive decrease in accommodation space, indicating a longer-term fall in sea level. The regressive-transgressive cycles recognize deviations in the accommodation space and sediment supply from the cyclic successions. In turn, these cycles are expressing the long-term of Perlis’s sea-level fluctuations. The results notably reflect the cycles consistent with the long-term rising and falling trend on different regions globally in Paleozoic times.
Facies patterns and depositional processes in two Frasnian mixed siliciclastic-carbonate systems in the Cantabrian Mountains, northwest Spain
