Correlation between the mid-substance cross-sectional anterior cruciate ligament size and the knee osseous morphology

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Yahagi ◽  
Takashi Horaguchi ◽  
Takanori Iriuchishima ◽  
Makoto Suruga ◽  
Genki Iwama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Ligament Size

Sex-Based Differences in the Anthropometric Characteristics of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Its Relation to Intercondylar Notch Geometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1492-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Chandrashekar ◽  
James Slauterbeck ◽  
Javad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligaments ◽  
Notch Width ◽  
Notch Geometry ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Ligament Size ◽  
Area And Volume

Background A significantly higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament injuries occurs in women involved in sports activities compared to the corresponding male population. Reasons for this disparity are not well understood; however, sex-based differences in the geometry of the anterior cruciate ligament, its morphologic characteristics, and the intercondylar notch size have been cited as possible factors. Hypotheses (1) The anterior cruciate ligament in women has a shorter length, and smaller cross-sectional area and volume than that in men. (2) The female anterior cruciate ligament has a lower mass density. (3) Ligament size is proportional to notch width in both male and female populations. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Using a 3-dimensional imaging system, the authors measured the geometric parameters, including length, area, and volume, of the anterior cruciate ligaments of 10 male and 10 female donors (all Caucasian). A digital image of the frontal plane of the knee flexed at 90° was used to measure notch size. After the ligament's removal from its attachment sites, its mass was measured using a digital balance. Geometric parameters, mass density, and notch size were compared based on sex. Correlation analyses between ligament size and body anthropometric characteristics, and between notch size and ligament size were performed. Results The anterior cruciate ligament in women was smaller in length, cross-sectional area, volume, and mass when compared to that in men. No significant difference in ligament mass density was found between the sexes. Also, no differences were found in notch geometry between male and female populations. A correlation between notch size and ligament size was found for men but not for women. Conclusions Because the densities of female and male anterior cruciate ligaments appear to be similar, the smaller ligament size in women may contribute to their having a higher rate of ligament injuries. Anterior cruciate ligament size increases in proportion to notch width in men but not in women.

Effects of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury on Muscle Activity of Head, Neck and Trunk Muscles: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation

CRANIO® ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Tecco ◽  
Vincenzo Salini ◽  
Stefano Teté ◽  
Felice Festa ◽  
Christian Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Head Neck

Morphological Evaluation of the Quadriceps Tendon Using Preoperative Ultrasound in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110540
Author(s):  
Satoshi Takeuchi ◽  
Kevin J. Byrne ◽  
Ryo Kanto ◽  
Kentaro Onishi ◽  
Freddie H. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Quadriceps Tendon ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Superior Pole

Background: An evaluation of quadriceps tendon (QT) morphology preoperatively is an important step when selecting an individually appropriate autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies that have assessed the morphology of the entire QT in an ACL-injured knee preoperatively using ultrasound. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of the QT using preoperative ultrasound in ACL-injured knees. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 33 patients (mean age, 26.0 ± 11.5 years) with a diagnosed ACL tear undergoing primary ACL reconstruction were prospectively included. Using ultrasound, short-axis images of the QT were acquired in 10-mm increments from 30 to 100 mm proximal to the superior pole of the patella. The length of the QT was determined by 2 contiguous images that did and did not contain the rectus femoris muscle belly. The width of the superficial and narrowest parts of the QT, the thickness of the central and thickest parts of the QT, and the cross-sectional area at the central 10 mm of the superficial QT width were measured at each assessment location. The estimated intraoperative diameter of the QT autograft was calculated using a formula provided in a previous study. Results: There were no significant relationships between QT morphology and any of the demographic data collected. The length of the QT was less than 70 mm in 45.5% of patients (15/33). The width, thickness, cross-sectional area, and estimated intraoperative diameter of the QT autograft were significantly greater at 30 mm than at 70 mm proximal to the superior pole of the patella. Conclusion: Preoperative ultrasound may identify a QT that is too small for an all–soft tissue autograft in ACL reconstruction. Furthermore, harvesting a QT with a fixed width may result in autografts that are smaller proximally than they are distally. Assessing the morphology of the QT preoperatively using ultrasound may help surgeons to adequately reconstruct the native length and diameter of the ACL with a QT autograft.

Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With an Autologous Semitendinosus-Gracilis Graft on Neuromuscular Function

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn N. Williams ◽  
Peter J. Barrance ◽  
Lynn Snyder-Mackler ◽  
Thomas S. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgeons ◽  
Lateral Muscle ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

The quadrupled semitendinosus-gracilis (ST-G) graft is rapidly becoming the graft of choice for orthopaedic surgeons when reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). During this procedure orthopaedic surgeons harvest the distal semitendinosus and gracilis tendons and use them to replace the ruptured ACL. Although people who undergo this procedure have good functional outcomes over the short-term, we do not know the effect that harvesting these two tendons has on neuromuscular function. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that ACL reconstruction with an autologous ST-G had on musculotendinous morphology. The methods used in the study included digital reconstruction of knee musculature from magnetic resonance images (MRI). Marked reductions in muscle volume, cross-sectional area, and length were observed in the semitendinosus and gracilis when reassessed approximately 6 months following surgery (after the subjects had returned to sports participation). The subjects appeared to compensate for the diminished medial knee flexor function with the biceps femoris (a lateral muscle) and semimembranosus muscles. These findings may have important implications for joint loading, the long term health of the knee, and surgical decision-making.

scholarly journals Predictors of Healing Ligament Size and Magnetic Resonance Signal Intensity at 6 Months After Bridge-Enhanced Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1361-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha M. Murray ◽  
Ata M. Kiapour ◽  
Leslie A. Kalish ◽  
Kirsten Ecklund ◽  
Christina Freiberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Acl Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) augmented with a tissue engineered scaffold to facilitate ligament healing is a technique under development for patients with ACL injuries. The size (the amount of tissue) and signal intensity (the quality of tissue) of the healing ligament as visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been shown to be related to its strength in large animal models. Hypothesis: Both modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors could influence the size and signal intensity of the repaired ligament in patients at 6 months after surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: 62 patients (mean age, 19.4 years; range, 14-35 years) underwent MRI of the knee 6 months after ACL repair augmented with an extracellular matrix scaffold. The signal intensity (normalized to cortical bone) and average cross-sectional area of the healing ligament were measured from the MRI stack obtained by use of a gradient echo sequence. Associations between these 2 measures and patient characteristics, which included demographic, clinical, and anatomic features, were determined by use of multivariable regression analysis. Results: A larger cross-sectional area of the repaired ligament at 6 months was associated with male sex, older age, and the performance of a larger notchplasty ( P < .05 for all associations). A lower signal intensity at 6 months, indicating greater similarity to normal ligament, was associated with a smaller tibial slope and greater side-to-side difference in quadriceps strength 3 months after surgery. Other factors, including preoperative body mass index, mechanism of injury, tibial stump length, and Marx activity score, were not significantly associated with either MRI parameter at 6 months. Conclusion: Modifiable factors, including surgical notchplasty and slower recovery of quadriceps strength at 3 months, were associated with a larger cross-sectional area and improved signal intensity of the healing ACL after bridge-enhanced ACL repair in this preliminary study. Further studies to determine the optimal size of the notchplasty and the most effective postoperative rehabilitation strategy after ACL repair augmented by a scaffold are justified. Registration: NCT02664545 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document