The predictive role of body image and anti-fat attitudes on attentional bias toward body area in haptic virtual reality environment

The role of top-down processing on the horizontal-vertical line length illusion was examined by means of an ambiguous room with dual visual verticals. In one of the test conditions, the subjects were cued to one of the two verticals and were instructed to cognitively reassign the apparent vertical to the cued orientation. When they have mentally adjusted their perception, two lines in a plus sign configuration appeared and the subjects had to evaluate which line was longer. The results showed that the line length appeared longer when it was aligned with the direction of the vertical currently perceived by the subject. This study provides a demonstration that top-down processing influences lower level visual processing mechanisms. In another test condition, the subjects had all perceptual cues available and the influence was even stronger.

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Neuropsychological assessment and virtual reality training of social prediction in patients with cerebellar malformation

10.1101/2021.01.19.427247 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cosimo Urgesi ◽

Niccolò Butti ◽

Alessandra Finisguerra ◽

Emilia Biffi ◽

Enza Maria Valente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Contextual Information ◽

Predictive Coding ◽

Predictive Processing ◽

Cerebellar Malformation ◽

Use Context ◽

Predictive Role ◽

Social Prediction

AbstractIt has been proposed that impairments of the predictive function exerted by the cerebellum may account for social cognition deficits. Here, we integrated cerebellar functions in a predictive coding framework to elucidate how cerebellar alterations could affect the predictive processing of others’ behavior. Experiment 1 demonstrated that cerebellar patients were impaired in relying on contextual information during action prediction, and this impairment was significantly associated with social cognition abilities. Experiment 2 indicated that patients with cerebellar malformation showed a domain-general deficit in using contextual information to predict both social and physical events. Experiment 3 provided first evidence that a social-prediction training in virtual reality could boost the ability to use context-based predictions to understand others’ intentions. These findings shed new light on the predictive role of the cerebellum and its contribution to social cognition, paving the way for new approaches to the rehabilitation of the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome.

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Virtual Reality Environment for Body Image Modification: A Multidimensional Therapy for the Treatment of Body Image in Obesity and Related Pathologies

CyberPsychology & Behavior ◽

10.1089/10949310050078887 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 421-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Giuseppe Riva ◽

Monica Bacchetta ◽

Margherita Baruffi ◽

Giovanna Cirillo ◽

Enrico Molinari

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Virtual Reality ◽

Virtual Reality Environment

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Quality of Grasping and the Role of Haptics in a 3-D Immersive Virtual Reality Environment in Individuals With Stroke

IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering ◽

10.1109/tnsre.2014.2387412 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 1047-1055 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Mindy F. Levin ◽

Eliane C. Magdalon ◽

Stella M. Michaelsen ◽

Antonio A. F. Quevedo

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Immersive Virtual Reality ◽

Virtual Reality Environment

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Registered report: Can reinstating location improve mnemonic fidelity of visual mental representations? (In-Principle-Acceptance)

10.31234/osf.io/t52km ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Corinna Martarelli ◽

Rebecca Ovalle-Fresa ◽

Dejan Popic ◽

Laura K. Globig ◽

Nicolas Rothen

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Mental Representations ◽

Basic Feature ◽

Visual Features ◽

Color Information ◽

Virtual Reality Environment ◽

The Impact

Despite a wealth of research showing a link between spatial information and visual memory, no work has yet directly assessed the impact of location manipulations on mnemonic fidelity of visual features in memory. In a virtual reality environment, we want to investigate how manipulation of location at recall (i.e., corresponding vs. non-corresponding to the location where the object was previously encoded) will affect mnemonic fidelity of color information in memory. Based on the conceptualization of spatial information as a basic feature to support the generation of detailed visual mental representations, we predict that the reinstatement of location during recall will improve mnemonic fidelity. These findings will aid our understanding of the particular role of spatial information in visual memory.

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Affecting Explicit and Implicit Body Image with Thin-Idealized Avatars in Virtual Reality: The Role of Sense of Embodiment

Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking ◽

10.1089/cyber.2021.0091 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Tuo Liu ◽

Daniel Pietschmann ◽

Peter Ohler

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Virtual Reality

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The Predictive Role of Body Image and Sexual Function in Quality of Life After Modified Radical Mastectomy Regarding the Mediating Role of Emotion; A Cross Sectional Study

International Journal of Cancer Management ◽

10.5812/ijcm.101371 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Bijan Pirnia ◽

Nasrin Homayounfar ◽

Nasim Hosseini ◽

Farshid Ebrahimi ◽

Zahra Haj Sadeghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Image ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Sexual Function ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Predictive Role

Background: Mastectomy has negative effects on body image, sexual function, and quality of life (QOL). Additionally, maladaptive emotion regulation strategy is considered a trans-diagnostic mechanism underlying the psychiatric syndrome in these patients. Objectives: The predictive role of body image and sexual function in QOL regarding the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation has not been studied yet. Methods: In a correlational study, from March to December 2016, among patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) at Early-stage Breast Cancer (BC), 90 patients were selected, using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). To collect the data, the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), the Persian language version of the Female Sexual Function Index (P-FSFI), QOL questionnaire, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scales (DERS) were used. Data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression analysis, and path analysis, using AMOS and SPSS software version 22 and the significance criterion was considered 0.05. Results: Data analysis showed a direct relationship between body image and sexual function with QOL, and it had an inverse relationship with difficulty in emotion regulation (P < 0.01). Also, body image, sexual function, and difficulty in emotion regulation were predictors of QOL (P < 0.01). Besides, in predicting QOL based on sexual function and body image, the difficulty in emotion regulation has a mediating role (P < 0.01). Conclusions: In patients with breast cancer under mastectomy, proper sexual function, sexual attraction depending on body image, and QOL were influenced by emotion regulation. Reducing the difficulty in emotion regulation through emotion-focused interventions can improve QOL in patients.

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Predictive Role of Body Image in Bulimic Behaviors Among Obese Patients Qualified for Bariatric Surgery

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.781323 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Bȩtkowska-Korpała ◽

Aleksandra Ćwiȩk ◽

Bernadetta Izydorczyk ◽

Anna Starowicz-Filip ◽

Piotr Major

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Body Image ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Predictive Role ◽

Treatment Of Obesity ◽

Eat 26 ◽

Surgical Treatment Of Obesity ◽

Bulimic Behaviors

Bulimic behavior and the associated experience of one's own body are of great importance in the course of surgical treatment for obesity. This study determined the predictive role of multidimensional body image on bulimic-type eating behaviors among individuals scheduled for the surgical treatment of obesity. This study was conducted in a clinical setting on a group of 100 obese patients who were treated at the Centre for the Surgical Treatment of Obesity at the University Hospital in Krakow (Poland) and were qualified for bariatric surgery. Body image was examined with Cash's Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and bulimic behavior with David M. Garner's Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Part A of the EAT-26 focused only on the bulimia and food preoccupation scale. Part B included sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) in the predictive model. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess psychological predictors of eating behavior. For binary variables, a logistic regression analysis was conducted for the whole group and for the women's group alone. Owing to the small sample size of men, regression analyses were not conducted. Higher values were observed in the Appearance Orientation dimension among women when compared to men. Appearance evaluation and age were found to be significant predictors for bulimic behaviors in the whole group. In regression models for behavior in the last 6 months, the predictors were found to be Health Evaluation and Appearance Orientation for laxative use, and Overweight Preoccupation for vomiting for weight control. Health-promoting behaviors in obesity treatment were conditioned as follows: for exercise, the predictors were sex and Fitness Orientation and for weight loss, they were Overweight Preoccupation and Body Areas Satisfaction. Our study shows that different bulimic behaviors are variously conditioned by body image dimensions, some of which are predictors of behaviors that are risk factors for obesity and poor outcomes of bariatric treatment, whereas others increase the chance of pro-health behaviors among obese individuals.

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