scholarly journals Chinas Belt and Road Initiative wandelt sich

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 901-905
Author(s):  
Britta Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Belt And Road

ZusammenfassungSchon vor der Corona-Pandemie belasteten finanzielle und geopolitische Probleme die „Neue Seidenstraße“: Chinas Gesamtinvestitionen gehen seit Jahren zurück, wichtige Bauprojekte sind unrentabel, die Partner in Ost- und Südosteuropa wenden sich ab, und umweltschädliche Vorhaben stoßen zunehmend auf Widerstand. Seit 2020 bieten wohlhabende Demokratien verstärkt Alternativen, und auch die Volksrepublik stundet Schulden. Xi Jinping forciert daher neben dem „BRI Green Partnership“ vor allem die „Digital Silk Road“ und „China Standards 2035“, also globale Technologie- und Normierungsprojekte.

scholarly journals New Silk Road Implications of Economic Development in Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ahmed Qadri , Sundus Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Transportation Corridor ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Silk Road

The New Silk Road (NSR), one of China's most ambitious economic plans, was unveiled by President Xi Jinping in 2013 and is intended to act as the Central Asian component of the Eurasian Belt and Road Initiative (Belt Road) (BRI). By enhancing and expanding China's security arc westward, as well as developing them as a transportation corridor connecting China to Europe, Beijing is able to consolidate its current economic investments while also launching new projects in Central Asia and South Asia, as well as attracting new investment from other countries. The NSR, touted by China as simply a development project, is loaded with wide-ranging security implications. China's infrastructure security and investment concerns in Central Asia are examined in this research, which examines the interplay between these two issues. China's non-state retaliation (NSR) in Central Asia is investigated in three ways: With its securitization push, the Silk Road Initiative not only consolidates the power of the Central Asian regimes; it also grants China an important position managing safeguards; and it allows the ultra-rich to move between the lure of Chinese investments and the appeasement of popular fears about China's growing influence. According to this report, NSR aid and investment from China has received an overall favourable reaction in the area, with some countries concerned about the consequences of the project on their sovereignty and security, as well as the promise of connection and prosperity (a "win-win" situation). A look at China's growing security and economic commitment in Central Asia and the tight Sino-Russian friendship, as well as the areas of collaboration and complementarity between the two countries, is included in the article's concluding paragraphs.

Belt and Road Initiative alias Chinese Dream: How Are the Cards Dealt for This Game?

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150014
Author(s):  
Michaela Staníčková ◽  
Lenka Fojtíková
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Road Project ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Ancient Silk Road

An old Chinese proverb says, “if you want to be rich, build a path”. The People’s Republic of China (from now on, China) has already verified this proverb’s validity in the old Silk Road. The oldest and most famous trade route in history has managed to help China and the surrounding region reach an imaginary peak in its time. Today, after centuries of unrest, wars, economic decline, and international isolation, China is once again building a path to help it return to the world’s most developed nations, the New Silk Road, respectively the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI has been defined as “the most eye-catching and possibly the one with the longest-term significance” (Ferdinand, 2017) [“Westward Ho — The China Dream and ‘One Belt, One Road’: Chinese Foreign Policy under Xi Jinping,” in Weiqing Song, ed., China’s Relations with Central and Eastern Europe: From “Old Comrades” to New Partners (London: Routledge, 2017), pp. 1–18]. The Silk Road project was introduced in 2013 by the Chinese President Xi Jinping in response to the economic crisis and the subsequent effort to find new markets and trading partners. The BRI restores the idea of the ancient Silk Road. The BRI is thus the result of a changed approach to foreign policy and the idea of opening up China. However, this policy cannot be perceived only as economic cooperation, but a well-thought-out Chinese foreign policy to expand its influence not only in Asia. The Sinocentric view of the world is thus one of the fundamental aspects of Chinese foreign policy formation. What will the country have to deal with in the future and, above all, what can we expect from China? This paper aims to provide insights into the visions proposed by the BRI, i.e. to capture the main milestones in the current development of the BRI, detailed analysis of its nature, and its current situation and implementation.

The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Grand Diplomacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850015
Author(s):  
Zheng Yongnian ◽  
Zhang Chi
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
National Development ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Silk Road Economic Belt ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

On March 28, 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping detailed his vision for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road) when attending the Boao Forum for Asia. After this, China’s National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the “Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road”, a sign that the Belt and Road Initiative promoted by China as a foreign cooperation platform entered its first year of implementation. This vision covers over half of the global population and involves more than 60 countries along the routes, the economic aggregates of which account for about one-third of the world. During 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang paid frequent visits to all continents in an effort to promote the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative. At present, the Belt and Road Initiative has received positive responses from the countries along the routes, and a number of cooperation projects have been underway smoothly. With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, China is forming a grand diplomatic landscape with “double legs” (a new type of major power relations and the Belt and Road Initiative) and a “single circle” (peripheral diplomacy). The Belt and Road Initiative highlights the spirit of the age, characterized by “peace, mutual respect, openness, and inclusiveness”, and has major international significance in helping China break through the security dilemma among nations, shoulder the responsibilities of a great power, and build China’s soft power in the international arena.

scholarly journals Translation and Dissemination of Chinese Dietary Culture with the Belt and Road Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Yan Miao
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Based on ancient Silk Road, China President Xi Jinping has proposed the Belt and Road Initiative, which is related to the dietary culture closely. Dietary culture translation is a necessary way to disseminate culture, becoming more and more important. Proper translations will show foreigners profound cultural connotation about China dietary. The author will adopt the methods of literature review and comparative, and point out translation difficulties and strategies for the cultural communication and transmission in the paper. The paper is divided into four parts. Firstly, the author will introduce the Belt and Road Initiative and China dietary culture. Secondly, the author will point out its status and difficulties under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative. Thirdly, the author will put forward some translation strategies about Chinese dietetic culture. Finally, the author will summarize the passage and the limitations of paper.

scholarly journals Strategi Maritime Silk Road China dan dampaknya pada Keamanan Maritim Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-47
Author(s):  
Ismah Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Chinese Dream ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Blue Economy ◽  
Belt And Road

Dewasa ini, China menjadi salah satu negara yang menunjukkan peningkatan kapabilitas kekuatan baik militer, ekonomi, dan geopolitiknya yang semakin meluas. Dibawah kepemimpinan Presiden Xi Jinping, China mengembangkan banyak inovasi yang berlandaskan konsep fundamental yang dipegang teguh sejak dulu seperti “Chinese Dream”, “the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation” serta “the twin centenary goals”. Salah satu gagasan China terbaru adalah mereformulasi Jalur Sutera Kuno China menjadi Belt and Road Initiative, yang menggabungkan jalur darat dan jalur laut sebagai jalur perdagangan utama yang membentang hingga ke Eropa. Jalur maritim China memiliki tujuan menjadi penggerak blue economy China melalui ide blue partnership. Peta maritime silk road yang dibuat China memperlihatkan jalur yang melewati wilayah Indonesia. mempertimbangkan wilayah teritorial LCS yang penuh sengketa dan beberapa kali China kedapatan melakukan pelanggaran di laut Indonesia, maka inisiatif ini memberikan tantangan bagi keamanan maritim Indonesia.

Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Lars Wächter
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Belt And Road

Chinas Staatschef Xi Jinping will das „Reich der Mitte“ bis 2049 zur neuen Weltmacht führen. Dazu soll die alte Seidenstraße zu neuem Leben erweckt werden. Belt and Road Initiative heißt das Megaprojekt, das in den nächsten Jahren die Weltwirtschaft massiv verändern wird.

scholarly journals Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Blues: Powering BRI Research Back on Track to Avoid Choppy Seas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc F. Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The Road ◽  
Political Costs ◽  
Maritime Silk Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
On The Road

AbstractThis piece examines and critiques the massive literature on China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). It details how research currently seems stuck on the road to nowhere. In addition, it identifies a number of the potholes that collective research endeavors are hitting such as that they are poorly synchronized. It also stresses that lines of analysis are proliferating rather than optimizing, with studies broadening in thematic coverage, rather than becoming deeper. It points out that BRI participants are regularly related to the role of a bit player in many analyses and research often is disconnected from other literatures. Among other things, this article recommends analysts focus on the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI) or Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) in specific regions or countries. It also argues for a research core that focuses on the implementation issue (i.e., the issue of MSRI and SREB project implementation), project effects (i.e., the economic and political costs and benefits of projects), and the translation issue (i.e., the domestic and foreign policy effects of projects) and does work that goes beyond the usual suspects. On a related note, research need to identify, more precisely, participants and projects, undertake causal analysis, and take into account countervailing factors. Furthermore, studies need to make more extensive use of the Chinese foreign policy literature. Moreover, works examining subjects like soft power need to improve variable conceptualization and operationalization and deliver more nuanced analyses. Finally, studies, especially by area specialists, should take the area, not the China, perspective.

Demystifying the Belt and Road Initiative: China’s domestic and non-strategic policy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 205789112110388
Author(s):  
Yuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Global Strategy ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Belt And Road

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a central policy of the Chinese government. The initiative is directly associated with President Xi Jinping, who first put forward the BRI in Kazakhstan and Indonesia in 2013, initially as One Belt One Road. Different from repetitive literature that concludes the BRI as China's global strategy, this article makes a contribution to argue that the BRI is China's domestic and non-strategic policy. To justify this argument, this article analyses how the BRI has been embedded into aspects of Chinese domestic policy by revealing its nexuses with Chinese domestic economy, politics and ideology. To deepen the understanding of the BRI's connection with the Chinese economy, this article explores the link between the BRI and China's supply-side structural reform. Meanwhile, this research demystifies the BRI as a global strategy and the difference between joining and rejecting the BRI to prove the BRI's non-strategic essence. In the end, this article discusses the BRI's far-reaching geopolitical influence.

scholarly journals A Belt and Road Initiative: uma análise sobre a projeção global da China no Século XXI

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-113
Author(s):  
Ricardo Lopes Kotz ◽  
Helton Ouriques
Keyword(s):  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Belt And Road

O presente artigo analisa o papel geoeconômico dos investimentos estrangeiros diretos da China para a execução da Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), o principal conceito de política externa do mandatário Xi Jinping. Para isto são propostos dois horizontes temporais que permitem realizar uma análise conjuntural acercada inserção internacional da China: 40 anos e 20 anos. Estes recortes temporais abrangem o processo de reformas e abertura, à partir de 1978, passando pela projeção global dos investimentos chineses com a estratégia Going Global e que resulta atualmente na Nova Rota da Seda, ou Belt and Road Initiative. Osprincipais resultados da pesquisa sugerem que embora tenha surgido como um plano para a construção de infraestrutura através da Eurásia, a BRI se tornou um amplo conceito para se compreender a posição da China no sistema internacional, sobretudo na condução de suas relações com outros países emergentes.Os recortes temporais analisados representam uma continuidade na trajetória político-estratégica da China e visam à obtenção do seu principal objetivo de Estado: a continuidade do seu desenvolvimento econômico. O aporte teórico da geoeconomia é importante, neste trabalho, para compreender a implementação e consolidação da BRI através da emissão de investimentos estrangeiros diretos. 

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