Laboratory Validation of Two Wearable Sensor Systems for Measuring Head Impact Severity in Football Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1257-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunter P. Siegmund ◽  
Kevin M. Guskiewicz ◽  
Stephen W. Marshall ◽  
Alyssa L. DeMarco ◽  
Stephanie J. Bonin
Keyword(s):  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Measuring Head

scholarly journals Evaluation of an In-Ear Sensor for Quantifying Head Impacts in Youth Soccer

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Bahr Sandmo ◽  
Andrew S. McIntosh ◽  
Thor Einar Andersen ◽  
Inga Katharina Koerte ◽  
Roald Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Random Error ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Training Protocol

Background: Wearable sensor systems have the potential to quantify head kinematic responses of head impacts in soccer. However, on-field use of sensors (eg, accelerometers) remains challenging, owing to poor coupling to the head and difficulties discriminating low-severity direct head impacts from inertial loading of the head from human movements, such as jumping and landing. Purpose: To test the validity of an in-ear sensor for quantifying head impacts in youth soccer. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: First, the sensor was mounted to a Hybrid III headform and impacted with a linear impactor or a soccer ball. Peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV) were obtained from both systems; random and systematic errors were calculated with Hybrid III as reference. Then, 6 youth soccer players wore sensors and performed a structured training protocol, including heading and nonheading exercises; they also completed 2 regular soccer sessions. For each accelerative event recorded, PLA, PRA, and PRV outputs were compared with video recordings. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the sensor’s discriminatory capacity in both on-field settings, establishing cutoff values for predicting outcomes. Results: For the laboratory tests, the random error was 11% for PLA, 20% for PRA, and 5% for PRV; the systematic error was 11%, 19%, and 5%, respectively. For the structured training protocol, heading events resulted in higher absolute values (PLA = 15.6 g± 11.8 g) than nonheading events (PLA = 4.6 g± 1.2 g); the area under the curve was 0.98 for PLA. In regular training sessions, the area under the curve was >0.99 for PLA. A 9 g cutoff value yielded a positive predictive value of 100% in the structured training protocol versus 65% in the regular soccer sessions. Conclusion: The in-ear sensor displayed considerable random error and substantially overestimated head impact exposure. Despite the sensor’s excellent on-field accuracy for discriminating headings from other accelerative events in youth soccer, absolute values must be interpreted with caution, and there is a need for secondary means of verification (eg, video analysis) in real-life settings. Clinical Relevance: Wearable sensor systems can potentially provide valuable insights into head impact exposures in contact sports, but their limitations require careful consideration.

scholarly journals The Hammer and the Nail: Biomechanics of Striking and Struck Canadian University Football Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Brooks ◽  
Adam Redgrift ◽  
Allen A. Champagne ◽  
James P. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
College Football ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Impact Location ◽  
Rule Changes ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThis study sought to evaluate head accelerations in both players involved in a football collision. Players on two opposing Canadian university teams were equipped with helmet mounted sensors during one game per season, for two consecutive seasons. A total of 276 collisions between 58 instrumented players were identified via video and cross-referenced with sensor timestamps. Player involvement (striking and struck), impact type (block or tackle), head impact location (front, back, left and right), and play type were recorded from video footage. While struck players did not experience significantly different linear or rotational accelerations between any play types, striking players had the highest linear and rotational head accelerations during kickoff plays (p ≤ .03). Striking players also experienced greater linear and rotational head accelerations than struck players during kickoff plays (p = .001). However, struck players experienced greater linear and rotational accelerations than striking players during kick return plays (p ≤ .008). Other studies have established that the more severe the head impact, the greater risk for injury to the brain. This paper’s results highlight that kickoff play rule changes, as implemented in American college football, would decrease head impact exposure of Canadian university football athletes and make the game safer.

Relationship Between Time-Weighted Head Impact Exposure on Directional Changes in Diffusion Imaging in Youth Football Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2852-2862
Author(s):  
Suraj K. Puvvada ◽  
Elizabeth M. Davenport ◽  
James M. Holcomb ◽  
Logan E. Miller ◽  
Christopher T. Whitlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Youth Football

scholarly journals In-Season Variations in Head Impact Exposure among Youth Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian E. Urban ◽  
Mireille E. Kelley ◽  
Mark A. Espeland ◽  
Elizabeth M. Davenport ◽  
Christopher T. Whitlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Season Variations

Association Between Antemortem FLAIR White Matter Hyperintensities and Neuropathology in Brain Donors Exposed to Repetitive Head Impacts

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013012
Author(s):  
Madeline Uretsky ◽  
Sylvain Bouix ◽  
Ronald J. Killiany ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
Brett Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Pathological Correlation ◽  
Daily Function

Background and Objectives:Late neuropathologies of repetitive head impacts from contact sports can include chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and white matter degeneration. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI scans are often viewed as microvascular disease from vascular risk, but might have unique underlying pathologies and risk factors in the setting of repetitive head impacts. We investigated the neuropathological correlates of antemortem WMH in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts. The association between WMH, and repetitive head impact exposure and informant-reported cognitive and daily function were tested.Methods:This imaging-pathological correlation study included symptomatic deceased men exposed to repetitive head impacts. Donors had antemortem FLAIR scans from medical records and were without evidence of CNS neoplasm, large vessel infarcts, hemorrhage, and/or encephalomalacia. WMH were quantified using log-transformed values for total lesion volume (TLV), calculated using the lesion prediction algorithm from the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox. Neuropathological assessments included semi-quantitative ratings of white matter rarefaction, cerebrovascular disease, p-tau severity (CTE stage, dorsolateral frontal cortex), and Aβ. Among football players, years of play was a proxy for repetitive head impact exposure. Retrospective informant-reported cognitive and daily function were assessed using the Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS) and Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Regression models controlled for demographics, diabetes, hypertension, and MRI resolution. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.Results:The sample included 75 donors: 67 football players and 8 non-football contact sport athletes and/or military veterans. Dementia was the most common MRI indication (64%). Fifty-three (70.7%) had CTE at autopsy. Log-TLV was associated with white matter rarefaction (OR=2.32, 95% CI=1.03,5.24, p=0.04), arteriolosclerosis (OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.02,5.52, p=0.04), CTE stage (OR=2.58, 95% CI=1.17,5.71, p=0.02), and dorsolateral frontal p-tau severity (OR=3.03, 95% CI=1.32,6.97, p=0.01). There was no association with Aβ. More years of football play was associated with log-TLV (b=0.04, 95% CI=0.01,0.06, p=0.01). Greater log-TLV correlated with higher FAQ (unstandardized beta=4.94, 95% CI=0.42,8.57, p=0.03) and CDS scores (unstandardized beta=15.35, 95% CI=-0.27,30.97, p=0.05).Discussion:WMH might capture long-term white matter pathologies from repetitive head impacts, including those from white matter rarefaction and p-tau, in addition to microvascular disease. Prospective imaging-pathological correlation studies are needed.Classification of Evidence:This study provides Class IV evidence of associations between FLAIR white matter hyperintensities, and neuropathological changes (white matter rarefaction, arteriolosclerosis, p-tau accumulation), years of American football play, and reported cognitive symptoms in symptomatic brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REPETITIVE HEAD IMPACT EXPOSURE AND CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN AMERICAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. P1469-P1470
Author(s):  
Jesse Mez ◽  
Daniel H. Daneshvar ◽  
Bobak Abdolmohammadi ◽  
Patrick T. Kiernan ◽  
Michael L. Alosco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Head impact exposure in collegiate football players

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (15) ◽  
pp. 2673-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Crisco ◽  
Bethany J. Wilcox ◽  
Jonathan G. Beckwith ◽  
Jeffrey J. Chu ◽  
Ann-Christine Duhaime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Collegiate Football

Design Methodology for Context-Aware Wearable Sensor Systems

2005 ◽  
pp. 220-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Anliker ◽  
Holger Junker ◽  
Paul Lukowicz ◽  
Gerhard Tröster
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Wearable Sensor
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