Aptitude, achievement and competence in medicine: a latent variable path model

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Terri Collin ◽  
Claudio Violato ◽  
Kent Hecker
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Latent Variable Path

scholarly journals Student Ratings of Teaching Effectiveness: Student Engagement and Course Characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Beran ◽  
Claudio Violato
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Teaching Effectiveness ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Course Characteristics ◽  
Student Ratings Of Instruction ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
Student Ratings Of Teaching ◽  
Latent Variable Path

Characteristics of university courses and student engagement were examined in relation to student ratings of instruction. The Universal Student Ratings of Instruction instrument was administered to students at the end of every course at a major Canadian university over a three-year period. Using a two-step analytic procedure, a latent variable path model was created. The model showed a moderate fit to the data (Comparative Fit Index = .88), converged in _0 iterations, with a standardized residual mean error of .03, χ2 (_49) = _988.59, p < .05. The model indicated that course characteristics such as status and description are not directly related to student ratings. Rather, they are mediated by student engagement, which is measured by student attendance and expected grade. It was concluded that, although the model is statistically adequate, many other factors determine how students rate their instructors.  

Conceptualizing Protective Family Context and Its effect on Substance Use: Comparisons Across Diverse Ethnic-Racial Youth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Constante ◽  
Edward Huntley ◽  
Emma Schillinger ◽  
Christine Wagner ◽  
Daniel Keating
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Partial Metric ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Protective Methods ◽  
Family Variables

Background: Although family behaviors are known to be important for buffering youth against substance use, research in this area often evaluates a particular type of family interaction and how it shapes adolescents’ behaviors, when it is likely that youth experience the co-occurrence of multiple types of family behaviors that may be protective. Methods: The current study (N = 1716, 10th and 12th graders, 55% female) examined associations between protective family context, a latent variable comprised of five different measures of family behaviors, and past 12 months substance use: alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and e-cigarettes. Results: A multi-group measurement invariance assessment supported protective family context as a coherent latent construct with partial (metric) measurement invariance among Black, Latinx, and White youth. A multi-group path model indicated that protective family context was significantly associated with less substance use for all youth, but of varying magnitudes across ethnic-racial groups. Conclusion: These results emphasize the importance of evaluating psychometric properties of family-relevant latent variables on the basis of group membership in order to draw appropriate inferences on how such family variables relate to substance use among diverse samples.

Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares

Technometrics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles K. Bayne ◽  
Jan-Bernd Lohmöller ◽  
Jan-Bernd Lohmoller
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Latent Variable Path

scholarly journals A Latent Variable Structural Path Model of Health Behaviors After Spinal Cord Injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Krause ◽  
John J. McArdle ◽  
Elisabeth Pickelsimer ◽  
Karla S. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Structural Path

scholarly journals Relational Efficacy Beliefs in Physical Activity Classes: A Test of the Tripartite Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Jackson ◽  
Nicholas D. Myers ◽  
Ian M. Taylor ◽  
Mark R. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Independent Observer ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Relational Efficacy ◽  
Latent Variable Path ◽  
Physical Activity Classes

This study explored the predictive relationships between students’ (N = 516, Mage = 18.48, SD = 3.52) tripartite efficacy beliefs and key outcomes in undergraduate physical activity classes. Students reported their relational efficacy perceptions (i.e., other-efficacy and relation-inferred self-efficacy, or RISE) with respect to their instructor before a class, and instruments measuring self-efficacy, enjoyment, and effort were administered separately following the class. The following week, an independent observer assessed student achievement. Latent variable path analyses that accounted for nesting within classes revealed (a) that students were more confident in their own ability when they reported favorable other-efficacy and RISE appraisals, (b) a number of direct and indirect pathways through which other-efficacy and RISE predicted adaptive in-class outcomes, and (c) that self-efficacy directly predicted enjoyment and effort, and indirectly predicted achievement. Although previous studies have examined isolated aspects within the tripartite framework, this represents the first investigation to test the full range of direct and indirect pathways associated with the entire model.

scholarly journals Children at Risk for Academic Failure: A Model of Individual and Family Factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Quilliams ◽  
Tanya Beran
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Academic Failure ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Family Risk Factors ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Family Risk ◽  
Fit Index

The purpose of this study was to identify individual and family risk factors that may explain why some students are at risk for academic failure. Students’ self-concept, academic motivation, and their parents’ involvement in education were reported by both students and teachers. A latent variable path model fit the data well (Comparative Fit Index = .92) and converged in eleven iterations, with a standardized residual mean error of .03, χ(9) = 41.23, p < .001. The model indi-cates that students with low parental involvement in their education may exhibit a low sense of competence and motivation towards learning, and achieve minim-al academic success. Results of the present study are discussed in accordance with Eccles’ (1994) achievement theories, which help identify children at-risk for academic failure.

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