Correlations and Path Analysis in Segregating Cowpea Generations Regarding Biological Nitrogen Fixation

The objective of this research was to evaluate the correlations between variables related to the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in segregating generations of cowpea and to unfold these correlations in direct and indirect effects, through path analysis. An outdoor bench experiment was conducted at Carpina Experimental Sugarcane Station of, located at the Zona da Mata region of the State of the Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil (Federal Rural University of Pernambuco), between March and April 2016. The seeds were planted in 20 cm × 30 cm polyethylene bags, using a substrate composed of a mixture of vermiculite and sand washed in a ratio of 1:1. Bradyrhizobium references, recommended for culture, were used as a mixture of two strains. Parental and F2, F3 and F4 generations were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data collection was performed 45 days after the emergency (DAE). Phenotypic correlations and path analysis of the number of nodules per plant (NN), nodules dry mass (NDM), dry roots mass (DRM), dry mass of aerial part (DMAP), nodulation efficiency (NODE) and nitrogen accumulated in the aerial part (NAAP). The phenotypic correlations between the variables related to the BNF showed high magnitudes, demonstrating that there is a great influence of each of the variables on the others, furthermore the path analysis of the coefficients indicated that all the primary components (NN, NDM, DRM, DMAP and NODE) must be considered when it is desired to increase the NAAP in segregating generations of cowpea.

The mediating role of motivated strategies in the relationship between formative classroom assessment and academic well-being in medical students: a path analysis

Background The support of students' academic well-being is one of the main agendas of medical education. For medical students, well-being can help prevent burnout and provides students with grounds for their future healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of motivated strategies for learning in the relationship between formative assessment and academic well-being. Method The present cross-sectional study was performed on 391 undergraduate students of medical sciences selected by a convenient sampling method. The measuring instruments used in this study included motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (Pintrich and De Groot), classroom assessment approaches questionnaire (Yousefi Afrashteh et al.) and Academic well-being Questionnaire (Pietarinen et al.). In order to analyze the data, SPSS-26 software was used for descriptive statistics and correlation matrix, and LISREL-10.20 software was used to do path analysis and determine the relationships between variables within the model. Results Findings showed that formative assessment is a significant resource in shaping subscale of motivated strategies for learning (self-efficacy, intrinsic value, test anxiety, cognitive strategies and self-regulation). Moreover, the results demonstrated that the self-regulated learning strategies is a crucial determinant of academic well-being and is a mediator between formative assessment and academic well-being. Conclusion These findings suggest the important value and necessity of formative assessment in medical science classes which can indirectly lead to improve students’ academic well-being.

Nonparametric Path Analysis on Consumer Satisfaction and Consumer Engagement in PT Pertamina

The purpose of this research is to apply nonparametric path analysis on consumer satisfaction and consumer engagement of PT Pertamina. The results of the analysis are expected to be able to provide an estimate of the function in determining consumer satisfaction and consumer engagement of PT Pertamina. This study uses primary data involving five variables, namely Digitalization (X1), Consumer Needs (X2), Consumer Service (X3), Consumer Satisfaction (Y1), Consumer Engagement (Y3). Variable measurement technique is done by calculating the average score on the items. Sampling in this study used a purposive sampling technique with the respondent's criteria being company leaders. The result of this research is the estimation of nonparametric Path function using MARS approach on various interactions. The best estimate of the function of obedient behavior in paying credit is when it involves 3 variables, namely the digitization variable (X1), Consumer Needs (X2), Consumer Service (X3) with a value ofgeneralized cross-validation The smallest (GCV) obtained is 0.2833. The originality of this research is that the variables used are the results of DNA analysis (Discourse Network Analysis), where the analysis extracts information from cyberspace which is then formed as the main issue and becomes a variable. In addition, there is no previous research that examines nonparametric path analysis on PT Pertamina's consumer satisfaction and engagement.The purpose of this research is to apply nonparametric path analysis on consumer satisfaction and consumer engagement of PT Pertamina. The results of the analysis are expected to be able to provide an estimate of the function in determining consumer satisfaction and consumer engagement of PT Pertamina. This study uses primary data involving five variables, namely Digitalization (X1), Consumer Needs (X2), Consumer Service (X3), Consumer Satisfaction (Y1), Consumer Engagement (Y3). Variable measurement technique is done by calculating the average score on the items. Sampling in this study used a purposive sampling technique with the respondent's criteria being company leaders. The result of this research is the estimation of nonparametric Path function using MARS approach on various interactions. The best estimate of the function of obedient behavior in paying credit is when it involves 3 variables, namely the digitization variable (X1), Consumer Needs (X2), Consumer Service (X3) with a value ofgeneralized cross-validation The smallest (GCV) obtained is 0.2833. The originality of this research is that the variables used are the results of DNA analysis (Discourse Network Analysis), where the analysis extracts information from cyberspace which is then formed as the main issue and becomes a variable. In addition, there is no previous research that examines nonparametric path analysis on PT Pertamina's consumer satisfaction and engagement.

effect of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention with organizational culture as moderating variable

This study aims to examine the effect of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention with organizational culture as a moderating variable. The research data were collected through questionnaires, the research respondents were the internal auditors of Rural Banks in Bali. The method of determining the sample using purposive sampling with the criteria of internal auditors who have more then a year work experience, with 140 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this research is Path Analysis (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors had a positive effect on fraud prevention; and organizational culture strengthen the positive influence of independence, professionalism, and experience of internal auditors on fraud prevention.

Profitability of Islamic Rural Banks in West Sumatra: Analysis of the Third Party Funds and Financial Ratios

<div class="WordSection1"><p class="abstrak"><em>This research examines the problem of profitability in </em><em>Islamic Rural Bank (BPRS)</em><em> in West Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze </em><em>Third Party Funds </em><em>(DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Non Performing Financing (NPF) as determinants that affect Return on Asset (ROA) at BPRS in West Sumatra Province through the intervening variable Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) for the 2015-2020 period. The research method uses descriptive quantitative approach with statistical path analysis through Sobel test. This study uses secondary data obtained from the financial statements of the BPRS. The results showed that DPK, CAR and FDR had no direct effect on the ROA of BPRS in West Sumatra Province for the 2015-2020</em><em> </em><em>period, only NPF had a direct effect on ROA. While indirectly through intervening variables, DPK and NPF have no effect on ROA, only CAR can be mediated by FDR on ROA. This research contributes to enriching knowledge about Islamic banking and can be used as consideration for entities in increasing the profitability of Islamic Rural Bank by looking at the factors that can affect profitability with FDR as the mediating variable.</em><em></em></p><p class="abstrak" align="left"> </p><p class="abstrak">Penelitian mengkaji tentang masalah profitabilitas pada BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis DPK CAR dan NPF sebagai determinan yang mempengaruhi ROA pada BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat melalui intervening variable FDR periode 2015-2020. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan statistik <em>path analysis</em> melalui uji sobel. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan BPRS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa DPK, CAR dan FDR secara langsung tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap ROA BPRS di Provinsi Sumatera Barat periode 2015-2020, hanya NPF yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap ROA. Sedangkan secara tidak langsung melalui variable intervening, DPK dan NPF tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap ROA, hanya CAR yang mampu dimediasi oleh FDR terhadap ROA. Hasil penelitian ini berkontribusi menambah khazanah ilmu pengetahun tentang perbankan syariah dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi entitas dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah dengan memperhatikan fator-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi profitabilitas dengan FDR sebagai variabel mediasi nya. </p><p class="abstrak"> </p></div>

Differential Uptake of Murine and Human Exosomes by Normal and Inflamed Peripheral Tissues and Brain

Background: Exosomes function as an intercellular communication system conveying messages from donor to target cells in nearby or distant tissues. Many aspects of exosome trafficking remain unresolved, however. Here, we investigated uptake of ten radiolabeled murine or human exosomes of various cellular origins by the liver, kidney, spleen, and lung of male CD-1 mice. Methods: We radioactively labeled 10 exosomes from mouse or human cancerous or non-cancerous lines, injected them intravenously into male CD-1 mice, and studied their tissue uptake. We examined the ability of wheatgerm agglutinin (WGA), mannose-6 phosphate (M6P), and inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to modulate uptake. We measured uptake rate using multiple-time regression analysis and used heat mapping and path analysis to correlate tissue and exosomal influences on uptake. Results: Except for the uptake of SCCVII exosomes by kidney, all exosomes were taken up by all tissues, although the uptake levels varied broadly among exosomes and tissues. The liver/serum uptake ratio for exosomes from primary human T-cells was the highest at 4,500 mL/g. Species of origin (mouse vs human) or source (cancerous vs noncancerous cells) did not influence tissue uptake. The uptake of some exosomes was altered by WGA and LPS but not by M6P, except for uptake inhibition of J774A.1 exosomes by liver, suggesting use of the M6P receptor. WGA or LPS treatments enhanced uptake of exosomes by brain and lung but inhibited uptake by liver and spleen. Response to LPS was not, however, predictive of response to WGA. No evidence for a universal binding site controlling exosome uptake was obtained. Applying path analysis and heat map analysis to the data, including our published results for brain, we found that exosome uptake patterns for lung and brain responded similarly to WGA or to LPS, whereas those for liver and spleen clustered together. In path analysis, the 10 exosomes clustered into distinct groups, suggesting that their bindings sites are similarly clustered. Conclusions: Uptake of exosomes by peripheral tissues is differentially regulated by both exosomes and target tissues and is dependent on the number and types of mutually interactive binding sites.

“Como ser um líder positivo?”: relações entre estilos de lideranças e forças de caráter

Os estudos no campo do trabalho são geralmente conduzidos com colaboradores que não estão em posições de liderança, tornando importante investigações que contemplem líderes e com ênfase na promoção de ações positivas e virtuosas. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi analisar as relações entre forças de caráter e estilos de liderança. Participaram 150 líderes de empresas de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, sendo 54,7% do sexo masculino e atuando na função por um período médio de 9,47 anos. Como instrumentos foram utilizados um questionário demográfico, a Escala de Forças de Caráter e a Escala de Avaliação do Estilo Gerencial. Os resultados indicaram que as forças de caráter estavam mais correlacionadas ao fator relacionamento. Além disso, por meio da path analysis, as forças de caráter explicaram positivamente o fator relacionamento e negativamente o fator tarefa dos estilos gerenciais. Os resultados são discutidos à luz da literatura e dão indicativos de como as forças de caráter podem ser utilizadas em intervenções com líderes.

EDUKASI PERPAJAKAN: UNDANG-UNDANG KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI KEUANGAN SEBAGAI SARANA MEMBANGUN KESADARAN BAYAR PAJAK MELALUI PENDIDIKAN PERGURUAN TINGGI YOGYAKARTA

The large number of people who avoid taxes has made the government look for effective and efficient alternatives to enforce an orderly and legally correct manner, namely by issuing the Law on the Disclosure of Financial Information. The Law on Financial Information Disclosure was published on 23 August 2017. Access to financial information for tax purposes includes access to receive and obtain financial information in the context of implementing the provisions of laws and regulations in the field of taxation and the implementation of international tax treaties. This study aims to analyze how much influence tax education can have on building tax awareness, to analyze how much the Financial Information Disclosure Act is known and understood by prospective taxpayers and taxpayers, and to analyze the effect of the Law on the Disclosure of Financial Information to make Personal Taxpayers. pay taxes orderly. The research method used is Path Analysis. Keywords: tax education, disclosure of financial information, tax compliance funds