Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Affects Event-Related Potential Measures of Novelty Processing in Autism

Objective: Executive function refers to the conscious control of thinking and behavior in psychological process. Executive dysfunction widely exists in a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, and is closely related to the decline of daily living ability and function. This study intends to explore the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on executive function and its neural mechanism by using event-related potential (ERP), so as to provide basis for further study on the relationship between cerebral cortex and executive function.Methods: Task switching paradigm was used to study the cognitive flexibility in executive function. Thirty-one healthy subjects were randomly assigned to receive rTMS stimulations (1 Hz rTMS or sham rTMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) twice. The switching task and the electroencephalography EEG recordings were performed before (pre-rTMS/pre-sham rTMS) and immediately after the end of the rTMS application (post-rTMS/post-sham rTMS).Results: The analysis of RTs showed that the main effects of switching and time were statistically significant. Further analysis revealed that the RT of rTMS stimulation was longer than sham rTMS at post-stimulation. ERP analysis showed that there was a significant switching effect in frontal and central scalp location, and the P2 amplitude in switch trials was greater than that in non-switch trials. At post-stimulation, the N2 amplitude of rTMS is more negative than that of sham rTMS at non-switch trials, whereas no such difference was found at switch trials. The P3 amplitude and LPC amplitude are significantly reduced by rTMS at post-stimulation.Conclusion: Low-frequency rTMS of the left DLPFC can cause decline of cognitive flexibility in executive function, resulting in the change of N2 amplitude and the decrease of P3 and LPC components during task switching, which is of positive significance for the evaluation and treatment of executive function.

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Levodopa does not enhance the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in tinnitus treatment

Klinische Neurophysiologie ◽

10.1055/s-0029-1216208 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 40 (01) ◽

Author(s):

E Frank ◽

T Kleinjung ◽

T Steffens ◽

M Landgrebe ◽

V Vielsmeier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Tinnitus Treatment

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About the Effectiveness of Low-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (LF-rTMS) in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Recurrent Depressive Disorder

10.26226/morressier.5a7070e2ab9a5f002a4c68fb ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Frederic Lasters

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Effect of high- and low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on visuospatial neglect in patients with acute stroke: a double-blind, sham-controlled trial.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717976316.793474418 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Shyam Prabhakaran ◽

Shawna Cutting

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Double Blind ◽

Visuospatial Neglect

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a prophylactic treatment in migraine

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-020-00254-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Azza B. Hammad ◽

Rasha E. Elsharkawy ◽

Ghada S. Abdel Azim

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Serum Level ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Prophylactic Treatment ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Control Group ◽

Neurokinin A ◽

Abortive Treatment

Abstract Background Clinical applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) have shown promising results in the treatment of headache disorders, with migraine being one of the most encountered. Objective To assess the role of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a preventive treatment of migraine (with and without aura) and correlate the results with the serum level of the inflammatory biomarker (neurokinin A). Methods Forty patients, with age ranging from 15 to 55 years, diagnosed with migraine (30 migraine without aura and 10 with aura) and 20 apparently healthy individuals, who were age and sex matched with the patient group, were included in this study. A low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS protocol was applied for all patients for five consecutive days interictally. Assessment of pain intensity using visual analogue scale and frequency and duration of attacks as well as number of pills taken by patients as an abortive treatment according to the Basic Diagnostic Headache Diary for 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after TMS sessions was done. In addition, the Migraine Disability Assessment scale (MIDAS) was applied to assess the severity and degree of disability caused by migraine. Measurement of neurokinin A serum level was done by using ELISA for all patients before and after TMS and for control group once. Results There was a significant reduction in pain intensity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks, migraine disability scores, and number of pills taken as abortive treatment for attacks after rTMS (P < 0.001). Also, serum level of neurokinin A in the patients was significantly reduced after rTMS (P < 0.001). Conclusion Low-frequency rTMS is an effective prophylactic treatment for migraine with and without aura.

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