Experimental Study of Genetic Constellation of Cold-Adapted Master Donor Viruses for Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Type B

2019 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-387
Author(s):  
E. V. Krutikova ◽  
E. A. Stepanova ◽  
I. V. Kiseleva ◽  
L. G. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Type

scholarly journals Effectiveness of 2 Influenza Vaccines in Nationwide Cohorts of Finnish 2-Year-Old Children in the Seasons 2015–2016 Through 2017–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. e255-e261
Author(s):  
Ulrike Baum ◽  
Sangita Kulathinal ◽  
Kari Auranen ◽  
Hanna Nohynek
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Type B ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background From 2015–2016 through 2017–2018, injectable, trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3) and a nasal spray, tetravalent live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) were used in parallel in Finland. To understand how well vaccination with each vaccine type protected children against influenza under real-life conditions, vaccine effectiveness in 2-year-olds was estimated for all 3 seasons. Methods Each season, a nationwide register-based cohort study was conducted. The study population comprised 60 088, 60 860, and 60 345 children in 2015–2016, 2016–2017, and 2017–2018, respectively. Laboratory-confirmed influenza was the study outcome. Seasonal influenza vaccination with either LAIV4 or IIV3 was the time-dependent exposure of interest. Vaccine effectiveness was defined as 1 minus the hazard ratio comparing vaccinated with unvaccinated children. Results From 2015–2016 through 2017–2018, the effectiveness of LAIV4 against influenza of any virus type was estimated at 54.2% (95% confidence interval, 32.2–69.0%), 20.3% (−12.7%, 43.6%), and 30.5% (10.9–45.9%); the corresponding effectiveness of IIV3 was 77.2% (48.9–89.8%), 24.5% (−29.8%, 56.1%), and −20.1% (−61.5%, 10.7%). Neither influenza vaccine clearly excelled in protecting children. The LAIV4 effectiveness against type B was greater than against type A and greater than the IIV3 effectiveness against type B. Conclusions To understand how influenza vaccines could be improved, vaccine effectiveness must be analyzed by vaccine and virus type. Effectiveness estimates also expressing overall protection levels are needed to guide individual and programmatic decision-making processes. Supported by this analysis, the vaccination program in Finland now recommends LAIV4 and injectable, tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccines replacing IIV3.

Safety of cold-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine in a large cohort of children and adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
RANDY BERGEN ◽  
STEVE BLACK ◽  
HENRY SHINEFIELD ◽  
EDWIN LEWIS ◽  
PAULA RAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine

scholarly journals Pan-Influenza A Protection by Prime–Boost Vaccination with Cold-Adapted Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine in a Mouse Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo Han Jang ◽  
Joo Young Kim ◽  
Young Ho Byun ◽  
Ahyun Son ◽  
Jeong-Yoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Boost Vaccination ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine

scholarly journals Identification of sequence changes in the cold-adapted, live attenuated influenza vaccine strain, A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2)

Virology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 554-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Cox ◽  
Fumio Kitame ◽  
Alan P. Kendal ◽  
Hunein F. Maassab ◽  
Clayton Naeve
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Ann Arbor

scholarly journals A randomized controlled trial of antibody response to 2019-20 cell-based inactivated and egg-based live attenuated influenza vaccines in children and young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine V Williams ◽  
Bo Zhai ◽  
John F Alcorn ◽  
Mary Patricia Nowalk ◽  
Min Z Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
To Receive

Background: Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers to the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) are typically lower than its counterpart egg-based inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV). Similar comparisons have not been made between LAIV4 and the 4-strain, cell-culture inactivated influenza vaccine (ccIIV4). We compared healthy children and young adult HAI titers against the 2019-2020 LAIV4 and ccIIV4. Methods: Participants aged 4-21 years were randomized 1:1 to receive ccIIV4 (n =100) or LAIV4 (n=98). Blood was drawn prevaccination and on day 28 (21-35) post-vaccination. HAI assays against egg-grown A/H1N1, A/H3N2, both vaccine B strains and cell-grown A/H3N2 antigens were conducted. Outcomes were geometric mean titers (GMT) and geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in titers. Results. GMTs to A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B/Victoria increased following both ccIIV and LAIV and to B/Yamagata following ccIIV (p<0.05). The GMFR range was 2.4-3.0 times higher for ccIIV4 than for LAIV4 (p<0.001). Within vaccine types, egg-grown A/H3N2 GMTs were higher (p<0.05) than cell-grown GMTs [ccIIV4 day 28: egg=205 (95% CI: 178-237); cell=136 (95% CI:113-165); LAIV4 day 28: egg=96 (95% CI: 83-112); cell=63 (95% CI: 58-74)]. The GMFR to A/H3N2 cell-grown and egg-grown antigens were similar. Pre-vaccination titers inversely predicted GMFR. Conclusion: The HAI response to ccIIV4 was greater than LAIV4 in this study of mostly older children, and day 0 HAI titers inversely predicted GMFR for both vaccines. For both vaccines, the A/H3N2 cell-grown antigen levels were lower than egg-grown, but the GMFR for cell-grown and egg-grown did not differ significantly within vaccine type.

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