The Governance of Global Value Chains: Unresolved Human Rights, Environmental and Ethical Dilemmas in the Apple Supply Chain

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Clarke ◽  
Martijn Boersma
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains

scholarly journals Global Value Chains’ Disaggregation through Supply Chain Collaboration, Market Turbulence, and Performance Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4151
Author(s):  
Amit Arora ◽  
Anshu Arora ◽  
Julius Anyu ◽  
John McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Supply Chain Collaboration ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Market Turbulence ◽  
Relational Outcomes

This research examines supply chain collaboration effects on organizational performance in global value chain (GVC) infrastructure by focusing on GVC disaggregation, market turbulence, inequality, market globalization, product diversity, exploitation, and technological breakthroughs. The research strives to develop a better understanding of global value chains through relational view, behavioral, and contingency theories along with institutional and stakeholder theories of supply chains. Based on conflicting insights from these theories, this research investigates how relationships and operational outcomes of collaboration fare when market turbulence is present. Data is obtained and analyzed from focal firms that are engaged in doing business in emerging markets (e.g., India), and headquartered in the United States. We investigate relational outcomes (e.g., trust, credibility, mutual respect, and relationship commitment) among supply chain partners, and found that these relational outcomes result in better operational outcomes (e.g., profitability, market share increase, revenue generation, etc.). From managerial standpoint, supply chain managers should focus on relational outcomes that can strengthen operational outcomes in GVCs resulting in stronger organizational performance. The research offers valuable insights for theory and practice of global value chains by focusing on the GVC disaggregation through the measurement of market turbulence, playing a key role in the success of collaborative buyer–supplier relationships (with a focus on US companies doing business in India) leading to an overall improved firm performance.

Blockchain and allied technologies for food supply chain risk mitigation in global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Ramesh Krishnan ◽  
Phi Yen Phan ◽  
Arshinder Kaur ◽  
Sanjoy Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Food Supply Chain

Toward a Corporate Duty for Lead Companies to Respect Human Rights in Their Global Value Chains?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Bright ◽  
Axel Marx ◽  
Nina Pineau ◽  
Jan Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Corporate Responsibility ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Social License To Operate ◽  
Social License ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe corporate responsibility to respect human rights was formally introduced in 2011 with the unanimous endorsement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) by the UN Human Rights Council. It is grounded in social expectations and forms part of the companies' “social license to operate.” This paper argues that this responsibility is progressively turning into a legal duty for lead companies to respect human rights in those types of value chains which are characterized by a high level of control by a lead company over its business partners. Our argument rests on two recent legal developments. Firstly, the article analyzes the judicialization of the corporate responsibility to respect in the case law on parent company liability in various jurisdictions, which, we argue, is highly likely to have some implications in relation to certain types of value chains so as to trigger the liability of lead companies for the human rights harms arising out of the activities of entities over which they exercise sufficient control. Secondly, the article delves into the legislative developments which increasingly require lead companies to exercise due diligence so as to prevent and address adverse human rights impacts in their own activities and global value chains.

scholarly journals Are Multinational Companies Responsible for Working Conditions in Their Supply Chains? From Intuition to Argument

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Dänzer
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Supply Chain Governance ◽  
Prospective Responsibility

AbstractAlthough many people seem to share the intuition that multinational companies (MNEs) carry a responsibility for the working conditions in their supply chains, the justification offered for this assumption is usually rather unclear. This article explores a promising strategy for grounding the relevant intuition and for rendering its content more precise. It applies the criteria of David Miller's connection theory of remedial responsibility to different forms of supply chain governance as characterized by the Global Value Chains (GVC) framework. The analysis suggests that the criteria for identifying MNEs as remedially responsible for bad working conditions in their direct suppliers are fulfilled in many cases, even though differentiations are required with regard to the different supply chain governance structures. MNEs thus have a duty to make sure currently bad working conditions in their suppliers are changed for the better. Moreover, since production in supply chains for structural reasons continuously generates remedial responsibility of MNEs for bad working conditions in their suppliers, it puts the prospective responsibility on them to make sure that their suppliers offer acceptable working conditions. Further, it is suggested that the remedial responsibility of MNEs might require them to make financial compensation to victims of bad working conditions and in grave cases initiate or support programs to mitigate disastrous effects suffered by them.

scholarly journals Editorial – Business and human rights in global value chains

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Buhmann ◽  
Mark B Taylor ◽  
Elisa Giuliani
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Business And Human Rights

Breaching the Interpretative Wall between Private and Public Commercial Contracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-532
Author(s):  
Maria Edith Lindholm Gausdal
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Public Contract ◽  
Actual Fusion

AbstractFrom a purely contractual perspective, this article reflects upon labour standard clauses with the objective to ensure that the fundamental ILO conventions and the International Bill of Human Rights are complied with throughout global value chains in respectively business-to-business (private), and public commercial contracts. The clauses are in both settings based widely on the same standards; however scholarship on the two types of contracts has been quite separate. The article reviews some Scandinavian case law concerning labour standard clauses and procurement regulation. It finds that contractual argumentation supported the outcome in these cases, isolates this argumentation, and reflects on whether contractual perspectives on the public contract might inspire current research on private contracts. It finally argues that an actual fusion is already taking place, wherefore contract lawyers may play an important role as to whether ‘the interpretative wall’ should be breached, or whether this is not feasible due to the distinctive characteristics of each contract.

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