Ballistic capture into distant retrograde orbits around Phobos: an approach to entering orbit around Phobos without a critical maneuver near the moon

2018 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin Bezrouk ◽  
Jeffrey S. Parker
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Ballistic Capture ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbits

Coverage Analysis of Lunar Communication/Navigation Constellations Based on Halo Orbits and Distant Retrograde Orbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-952
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Gao ◽  
Xi-Yun Hou
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Halo Orbits ◽  
Satellite Constellation ◽  
The North ◽  
Polar Caps ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbits ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbit ◽  
South Polar

AbstractWith more and more missions around the Moon, a communication/navigation constellation around the Moon is necessary. Halo orbits, due to their unique geometry, are extensively studied by researchers for this purpose. A dedicated survey is carried out in this work to analyse the coverage ability of halo orbits. It is found that a two-satellite constellation is enough for continuous one-fold coverage of the north or the south polar regions but never both. A three-satellite constellation is enough for continuous one-fold coverage of both north and south polar regions. A four-satellite constellation can cover nearly 100% of the whole lunar surface. In addition, the coverage ability of another special orbit – distant retrograde orbit (DRO) – is analysed for the first time in this study. It is found that three satellites on DROs can cover 99·8% of the lunar surface, with coverage gaps at polar caps. A four-satellite constellation moving on spatial DROs can cover nearly the whole lunar surface. By combining halo orbits and DROs, we design a five-satellite constellation composed of three halo orbit satellites and two DRO satellites. This constellation can provide 100% continuous one-fold coverage of the whole lunar surface.

scholarly journals Initial Parameter Analysis about Resonant Orbits in Earth-Moon System

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Li-Bo Liu ◽  
Ying-Jing Qian ◽  
Xiao-Dong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Body Problem ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Initial Parameter ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Three Body Problem ◽  
Ballistic Capture ◽  
Moon System ◽  
Two Body Problem ◽  
Resonant Orbits ◽  
Three Body

The initial parameters about resonant orbits in the Earth-Moon system were investigated in this study. Resonant orbits with different ratios are obtained in the two-body problem and planar circular restricted three-body problem (i.e., PCRTBP). It is found that the eccentricity and initial phase are two important initial parameters of resonant orbits that affect the closest distance between the spacecraft and the Moon. Potential resonant transition or resonant flyby may occur depending on the possibility of the spacecraft approaching the Moon. Based on an analysis of ballistic capture and flyby, the Kepler energy and the planet’s perturbed gravitational sphere are used as criteria to establish connections between the initial parameters and the possible “steady” resonant orbits. The initial parameter intervals that can cause instability of the resonant orbits in the CRTBP are obtained. Examples of resonant orbits in 1:2 and 2:1 resonances are provided to verify the proposed criteria.

Transfer to long term distant retrograde orbits around the Moon

2014 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Minghu ◽  
Zhang Ke ◽  
Lv Meibo ◽  
Xing Chao
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbits

Families of transfers from the Moon to Distant Retrograde Orbits in cislunar space

2020 ◽  
Vol 365 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ren ◽  
Mingtao Li ◽  
Jianhua Zheng
Keyword(s):  
The Moon ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbits

Location and stability of distant retrograde orbits around the Moon

2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (2) ◽  
pp. 2727-2735
Author(s):  
P Pires ◽  
O C Winter
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Semimajor Axis ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Distant Retrograde Orbits ◽  
Natural Outcome ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Lunar Missions ◽  
Asteroid Redirect Mission

ABSTRACT Recently has grown the interest of placing natural or artificial objects in the neighbourhood of the Moon. We numerically investigate a region of retrograde orbits around the Moon associated with the C Family of periodic orbits and the quasi-periodic orbits that oscillate around them (Broucke 1968; Winter 2000). We have given continuity to Winter (2000) investigations by introducing a more realistic dynamical scenario, one based on the four-body Sun–Earth–Moon–particle problem. Our results showed that the region of stability diminished to approximately 4 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, the original size encountered for the circular-restricted three-body problem (CRTBP), mainly due to the Sun’s gravitational perturbations. None the less, the size of the region continues to be significant and we were able to found distant retrograde orbits (DROs) around the Moon with eccentricity following e = 2.259 63 × 10−6a + 0.238 45 (standard error of 1 ${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) and semimajor axis values of the initial osculating orbits, varying between 110 000 and 185 000 km, remaining stable for a time span of 104 lunar periods. This set of distant orbits from the Moon are characterized by a narrow range of acceptable initial positions (0.8–0.83) and velocities of ∼0.5, in the rotating Earth–Moon frame. The out of plane amplitude oscillations of $\pm 15\, 000$ km presented by these DROs are a natural outcome of the significant Moon’s inclination of 5.15°. Some results presented on this work can be useful for lunar missions, such as the ones that would require prolonged stays around the satellite and use stable distant orbits as ‘parking’ orbits, such as the advanced concepts of NASA’s Asteroid Redirect Mission, proposed a few years ago.

The motion of a lunar orbiter

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Y. Kozai
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Triaxial Ellipsoid ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Close Satellite ◽  
The Mean

The motion of an artificial satellite around the Moon is much more complicated than that around the Earth, since the shape of the Moon is a triaxial ellipsoid and the effect of the Earth on the motion is very important even for a very close satellite.The differential equations of motion of the satellite are written in canonical form of three degrees of freedom with time depending Hamiltonian. By eliminating short-periodic terms depending on the mean longitude of the satellite and by assuming that the Earth is moving on the lunar equator, however, the equations are reduced to those of two degrees of freedom with an energy integral.Since the mean motion of the Earth around the Moon is more rapid than the secular motion of the argument of pericentre of the satellite by a factor of one order, the terms depending on the longitude of the Earth can be eliminated, and the degree of freedom is reduced to one.Then the motion can be discussed by drawing equi-energy curves in two-dimensional space. According to these figures satellites with high inclination have large possibilities of falling down to the lunar surface even if the initial eccentricities are very small.The principal properties of the motion are not changed even if plausible values ofJ3andJ4of the Moon are included.This paper has been published in Publ. astr. Soc.Japan15, 301, 1963.

Laboratory Simulation of Lunar Luminescence

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Geake ◽  
H. Lipson ◽  
M. D. Lumb
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Physics Department ◽  
Luminescent Spectrum

Work has recently begun in the Physics Department of the Manchester College of Science and Technology on an attempt to simulate lunar luminescence in the laboratory. This programme is running parallel with that of our colleagues in the Manchester University Astronomy Department, who are making observations of the luminescent spectrum of the Moon itself. Our instruments are as yet only partly completed, but we will describe briefly what they are to consist of, in the hope that we may benefit from the comments of others in the same field, and arrange to co-ordinate our work with theirs.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

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