The potential toxic effects of cerium on organism: cerium prolonged the developmental time and induced the expression of Hsp70 and apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2068-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wu ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Chunyan Qi ◽  
Zongyun Li
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Toxic Effects

Whole-Genome Effects of Ethyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Mutation on Nine Quantitative Traits in Outbred Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 1257-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Pei Yang ◽  
Ana Y Tanikawa ◽  
Wayne A Van Voorhies ◽  
Joana C Silva ◽  
Alexey S Kondrashov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Recessive Mutations ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We induced mutations in Drosophila melanogaster males by treating them with 21.2 mm ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). Nine quantitative traits (developmental time, viability, fecundity, longevity, metabolic rate, motility, body weight, and abdominal and sternopleural bristle numbers) were measured in outbred heterozygous F3 (viability) or F2 (all other traits) offspring from the treated males. The mean values of the first four traits, which are all directly related to the life history, were substantially affected by EMS mutagenesis: the developmental time increased while viability, fecundity, and longevity declined. In contrast, the mean values of the other five traits were not significantly affected. Rates of recessive X-linked lethals and of recessive mutations at several loci affecting eye color imply that our EMS treatment was equivalent to ∼100 generations of spontaneous mutation. If so, our data imply that one generation of spontaneous mutation increases the developmental time by 0.09% at 20° and by 0.04% at 25°, and reduces viability under harsh conditions, fecundity, and longevity by 1.35, 0.21, and 0.08%, respectively. Comparison of flies with none, one, and two grandfathers (or greatgrandfathers, in the case of viability) treated with EMS did not reveal any significant epistasis among the induced mutations.

scholarly journals Bacillus thuringiensis Bioinsecticides Induce Developmental Defects in Non-Target Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito ◽  
Aurélie Babin ◽  
Matthieu Pasco ◽  
Marylène Poirié ◽  
Jean-Luc Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Insecticidal Toxins ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus ◽  
Protein Rich

Bioinsecticides made from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are the bestselling bioinsecticide worldwide. Among Bt bioinsecticides, those based on the strain Bt subsp. kurstaki (Btk) are widely used in farming to specifically control pest lepidopteran larvae. Although there is much evidence of the lack of acute lethality of Btk products for non-target animals, only scarce data are available on their potential non-lethal developmental adverse effects. Using a concentration that could be reached in the field upon sprayings, we show that Btk products impair growth and developmental time of the non-target dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate that these effects are mediated by the synergy between Btk bacteria and Btk insecticidal toxins. We further show that Btk bioinsecticides trigger intestinal cell death and alter protein digestion without modifying the food intake and feeding behavior of the larvae. Interestingly, these harmful effects can be mitigated by a protein-rich diet or by adding the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum into the food. Finally, we unravel two new cellular mechanisms allowing the larval midgut to maintain its integrity upon Btk aggression: First the flattening of surviving enterocytes and second, the generation of new immature cells arising from the adult midgut precursor cells. Together, these mechanisms participate to quickly fill in the holes left by the dying enterocytes.

Alpha-ketoglutarate attenuates toxic effects of sodium nitroprusside and hydrogen peroxide in Drosophila melanogaster

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Bayliak ◽  
Halyna V. Shmihel ◽  
Maria P. Lylyk ◽  
Oksana M. Vytvytska ◽  
Janet M. Storey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Toxic Effects

scholarly journals Variation in the Direction of Selection Applied by Pentenol to the Alcohol Dehydrogenase Locus in Drosophila melanogaster

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Oakeshott
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Null Allele ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenases ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Active Alcohol ◽  
Selective Effects

This paper describes selective effects of pentenol-impregnated media on six genotypes at the alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) locus in D. melanogaster. In the laboratory population studied, developmental times of pre-adults homozygous for an alcohol dehydrogenase 'null' allele increased with increasing pentenol concentrations. The developmental times of the other five genotypes, which produced active alcohol dehydrogenases, increased slightly at pentenol concentrations up to 0�0033%, but above this concentration they decreased markedly. In fact on 0�067% pentenol, the highest concentration tested, developmental times of these five genotypes were between 9 and 24 h less than their developmental times on media lacking penteno!. The magnitude of the reduction in developmental time differed significantly between genotypes and was positively correlated with alcohol dehydrogenase activity.

scholarly journals Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticides induce developmental defects in non-target Drosophila melanogaster larvae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Paule Nawrot-Esposito ◽  
Aurélie Babin ◽  
Matthieu Pasco ◽  
Marylène Poirié ◽  
Jean-Luc Gatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Insecticidal Toxins ◽  
Lepidopteran Larvae ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Immature Cells ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractBioinsecticides made from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are the best-selling bioinsecticide worldwide. Among Bt bioinsecticides, those based on the strain Bt var. kurstaki (Btk) are widely used in farming to specifically control pest lepidopteran larvae. Although there is much evidence of the lack of acute lethality of Btk products for non-target animals, only scarce data are available on their potential non-lethal developmental adverse effects. Using doses that could be reached in the field upon sprayings, we have shown that Btk products impair growth and developmental time of the non-target dipteran Drosophila melanogaster. These effects are mediated by the synergy between Btk bacteria and Btk insecticidal toxins, which induces a significant apoptosis of larval enterocytes, resulting in a decreased intestinal capacity to digest proteins. The harmful effects can be mitigated by a protein-rich diet or by adding the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum into the food. Finally, we showed that the larval midgut maintain its integrity upon Btk aggression thanks to both the flattening of surviving enterocytes and the generation of new immature cells arising from the adult midgut precursor cells.

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