scholarly journals Variation in dry grassland communities along a heavy metals gradient

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin W. Woch ◽  
Paweł Kapusta ◽  
Anna M. Stefanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Grassland Communities

Spatial pattern in dry grassland communities of the Central Alps and its ecophysiological significance

Vegetatio ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Erschbamer ◽  
G. Grabherr ◽  
H. Reisigl
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Grassland Communities

scholarly journals Long term changes of the inner-alpine steppe vegetation: the dry grassland communities of the Vinschgau (South Tyrol, Italy) 40–50 years after the first vegetation mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 117-131
Author(s):  
Maximilian Lübben ◽  
Brigitta Erschbamer
Keyword(s):  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Bothriochloa Ischaemum ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Dry Grasslands ◽  
Grassland Communities ◽  
The 1960S

Aims: The Vinschgau is the driest inner-alpine valley in the Eastern Alps and harbours a unique steppe vegetation. We studied these dry grassland communities and aimed to answer the following questions: Which plant communities can be found currently? Do the syntaxa described by Braun-Blanquet in the 1960s still prevail in the area? Has there been any change in species composition over the last 40–50 years? Study area: Along an approximately 40 km transect, the south-facing slopes of the Vinschgau valley (South Tyrol, Italy) from Mals to Plaus were investigated. Methods: For the classification, 92 relevés were sampled in 2019 and compared with 76 relevés from the 1960s and ´70s by means of vegetation tables and ordinations (Detrended Correspondence Analysis). Results: Based on our investigation, the majority of dry grassland communities can be classified as Festuco-Caricetum supinae. Three subassociations were defined by the dominant species Stipa capillata, Bothriochloa ischaemum and Stipa pennataagg. The comparison of new and old relevés shows an increase in species from the class Sedo-Scleranthetea (e.g. Trifolium arvense, Erodium cicutarium) and the association Artemisieto-Agropyretum. In addition, ruderal elements (e.g. Erigeron annuus, Convolvulus arvensis) have also migrated into dry grasslands. A shift in the dominance over time can be recognized as well. In particular, Festuca rupicola and to some extent also Stipa capillata, have increased in abundance and frequency. Conclusions: We suggest to include the investigated closed dry grasslands in the alliance Festucion valesiacae. The rank of the character species at association, alliance and order level should be re-analysed. In order to obtain a better syntaxonomic overview of western and eastern alpine dry grassland communities in relation to Eastern European dry grasslands, a comprehensive study is absolutely necessary. Furthermore, long-term vegetation dynamics and vegetation change need to be studied in more detailed future studies. Taxonomic reference: Fischer et al. (2008). Syntaxonomic references: Mucina et al. (2016) for syntaxa from alliance to class level; Braun-Blanquet (1961) for associations. Abbreviations: agg. = aggregate; cf. = confer (means ‘compare’); DCA = Detrended Correspondence Analysis; s. lat. = sensu lato; s. str. = sensu stricto

Preliminary classification and ecology of dry grassland communities on Ölands Stora Alvar (Sweden)

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantiŝek Krahulec ◽  
Ejvind Rosén ◽  
Eddy Maarel
Keyword(s):  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Grassland Communities ◽  
Preliminary Classification

scholarly journals Phytosociology of Atractylis cancellata and Micromeria microphylla communities in southern Italy with insights on the xerothermic steno-Mediterranean grasslands high-rank syntaxa

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-155
Author(s):  
Romeo Di Pietro ◽  
Paola Fortini ◽  
Giuseppe Misano ◽  
Massimo Terzi
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Western Sector ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Mediterranean Grasslands ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Grassland Communities ◽  
Phytosociological Study

In the present paper a phytosociological study on the dry grassland communities identified in the western sector of the Murgia Plateau (Murgia delle Gravine) and in the Lucanian badlands territory is presented. Forty vegetation releves were carried out using the Braun-Blanquet phytosociological approach. Two new associations characterized by a therophytic dominance, namely Lysimachio foeminae-Atractylidetum cancellatae and Campanulo erini-Micromerietum microphyllae, are described and discussed from a syntaxonomic and biogeographic viewpoint. In addition, new phytosociological data concerning the Petrosedum ochroleucum communities developed on limestone outcrops, the perennial Hyparrhenia hirta steppe-like grasslands of the low-altitude areas of the Murgia hills and the small-size Brachypodium distachyum therophytic communities are presented.

scholarly journals Dry Grassland Communities of Erysimo-Trifolietum in the Northeastern Part of the Republic of Macedonia

Hacquetia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Ćušterevska ◽  
Vlado Matevski ◽  
Mitko Kostadinovski ◽  
Andraž Čarni
Keyword(s):  
Dry Grassland ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Grassland Communities ◽  
The Republic

Sampling and analysis of the air-water interface with SEM and EDS of microlayers

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
Randall W. Smith ◽  
John Dash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Bulk Chemical

The structure of the air-water interface forms a boundary layer that involves biological ,chemical geological and physical processes in its formation. Freshwater and sea surface microlayers form at the air-water interface and include a diverse assemblage of organic matter, detritus, microorganisms, plankton and heavy metals. The sampling of microlayers and the examination of components is presently a significant area of study because of the input of anthropogenic materials and their accumulation at the air-water interface. The neustonic organisms present in this environment may be sensitive to the toxic components of these inputs. Hardy reports that over 20 different methods have been developed for sampling of microlayers, primarily for bulk chemical analysis. We report here the examination of microlayer films for the documentation of structure and composition.Baier and Gucinski reported the use of Langmuir-Blogett films obtained on germanium prisms for infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR-ATR) of components. The sampling of microlayers has been done by collecting fi1ms on glass plates and teflon drums, We found that microlayers could be collected on 11 mm glass cover slips by pulling a Langmuir-Blogett film from a surface microlayer. Comparative collections were made on methylcel1ulose filter pads. The films could be air-dried or preserved in Lugol's Iodine Several slicks or surface films were sampled in September, 1987 in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland and in August, 1988 in Sequim Bay, Washington, For glass coverslips the films were air-dried, mounted on SEM pegs, ringed with colloidal silver, and sputter coated with Au-Pd, The Langmuir-Blogett film technique maintained the structure of the microlayer intact for examination, SEM observation and EDS analysis were then used to determine organisms and relative concentrations of heavy metals, using a Link AN 10000 EDS system with an ISI SS40 SEM unit. Typical heavy microlayer films are shown in Figure 3.

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