21st Century experiences in the development of school-based management policy and practices in Indonesia

The debacle of the collapse of the New Order regime in 1998 brought signifcant change to Indonesias public sector. Primary and secondary education since 1 January 2001 has been based on the new law about regional autonomy, and administered at district level rather than in the previously centralised and bureaucratic manner. At the school level, ideas about school autonomy emerged and became popular. In particular, the term School Based Management (SBM) was seen as a panacea, and as a result, the central government issued a regulation to implement the practice of SBM. This article analyses the dynamics of the SBM policy as it was interpreted and implemented. The study was approached in two ways: through document analysis of the Ministry of National Education decree 044/U/2002 that promulgated SBM; and by soliciting and interpreting the perspectives and practices of stakeholders at district level through interviews, site studies and document analyses. The study found that the SBM policy as stated in the decree lacked clarity. The decree had been hastily introduced and emphasised structural changes at district and school levels without clarifying its underlying rationale or implementation guidelines.

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School-Based Management of Dysphagia in Children with Developmental Disabilities

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd10.2.15 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 15-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justine Joan Sheppard

Keyword(s):

Developmental Disabilities ◽

School Based ◽

School Based Management ◽

Management Of Dysphagia ◽

Children With Developmental Disabilities

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MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH: STRATEGI ALTERNATIF DALAM PERSAINGAN MUTU

Tarbawi Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan ◽

10.32678/tarbawi.v4i01.836 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Busthomi Ibrohim

Keyword(s):

Quality Assurance ◽

San Francisco ◽

School Effectiveness ◽

Or Education ◽

Self Assessment ◽

School Committee ◽

School Based ◽

Annual Reporting ◽

School Based Management ◽

Decentralization Of Education

Abstract. Politically, School Based Management (SBM) becomes the mouthpiece of all issues in the field of education that will be portrayed in schools, because the school is the last network of educational bureaucracy. SBM is also a form of operationalization of the decentralization or education autonomy policy in relation to regional autonomy. Theoretically, SBM is also a concept that offers autonomy to schools in order to improve quality, efficiency and equity of education in order to accommodate the interests of local communities as well as establishing close cooperation between schools, communities and governments. Operationally SBM is an idea that places the authority of school management in a system entity. Based on the above view, this article outlines the basic framework of SBM as a strategy for improving the quality of education. With SBM, principals, teachers and learners get the opportunity to innovate and improvise in schools related to curriculum, learning, managerial and others. So the principal serves as an educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, motivator, figure, and mediator. SBM also calls for the creation of new institutional arrangements and institutions, including: the establishment of school boards, development of school strategy planning, develop of annual school planning, internal monitoring and self-assessment, annual reporting, school opinion surveys of school stakeholders. Keywords. School Based Management, Decentralization of Education, Quality Assurance, Autonomy of Education, School Committee Abstrak. Secara politis, Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) merupakan muara dari semua kebijakan dibidang pendidikan akan tergambarkan di sekolah, sebab sekolah merupakan jaringan terakhir dari rangkaian birokrasi pendidikan. MBS juga sebagai bentuk operasionalisasi dari kebijakan desentralisasi atau otonomi pendidikan dalam hubungannya dengan otonomi daerah. Secara teoretis, MBS merupakan suatu konsep yang menawarkan suatu otonomi kepada sekolah dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu, efisiensi dan pemerataan pendidikan agar dapat mengakomodir kepentingan masyarakat setempat serta menjalin kerja sama yang erat antar sekolah, masyarakat dan pemerintah. Secara operasional MBS merupakan gagasan yang menempatkan kewenangan pengelolaan sekolah dalam suatu keutuhan entitas sistem. Berdasarkan pandangan di atas, artikel ini menguraikan kerangka dasar MBS sebagai strategi dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Dengan MBS, kepala sekolah, guru dan peserta didik mendapatkan peluang untuk melakukan inovasi dan improvisasi di sekolah berkaitan dengan masalah kurikulum, pembelajaran, manajerial dan lain-lain. Maka kepala sekolah berfungsi sebagai educator, manajer, administrator, supervisor, leader, inovator, motivator, figure, dan mediator. MBS juga menuntut penciptaan tatanan dan budaya kelembagaan baru, yang mencakup: pembentukan dewan sekolah, pengembangan perencanaan strategi sekolah, pengembangan perencanaan tahunan sekolah, melakukan internal monitoring, self-assesment, menyusun laporan tahunan, melakukan survei pendapat sekolah terhadap stakeholder sekolah. Kata Kunci. School Based Management, Desentralisasi Pendidikan, Jaminan Mutu, Otonomi Pendidikan, Komite Sekolah Daftar Pustaka Fiske, Edward. 1999. Decentrilization of Education atau Desentralisasi Pengajaran (Terjemah). Jakarta: Grasindo. Bappenas. 1999. School Based Management. Jakarta: Bappenas bekerja sama dengan Bank Dunia. Binde, Brome. 2001. Keys to the 21st Century. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. Bryson, Jhon M.. 1995. Strategic Planning For Public and Nonprofit Organiztions. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Delors, Jacques. 1996. Learning: The Treasure Within. Australia: UNESCO. Engkoswara. 2002. Lembaga Pendidikan sebagai Pusat Pembudayaan. Bandung: Yayasan Amal Keluarga. Finn, C.E dan Prash J.C dalam Dimmock Clive. 1993. School Based Management and School Effectiveness. London: Routledge. Formasi, Jurnal Kajian Manajemen Pendidikan, No. 2, Tahun II Maret 2000. ---------, No. 8 tahun IV November 2003. Gorton, Richart, A. 1976. School Administration Challenge and Opportunity For Leadership. Lowa: Brown Company Publishers. Malen, Ogawa, Kranz dalam Abu-Duhon Ibtisam, School Based Management. Paris: UNESCO, 1990. Mulyasa, E. 2003. Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah: Konsep, Strategi dan Implementasi. Bandung: Rosdakarya. --------. 2003. Menjadi Kepala Sekolah Professional Dalam Konteks Menyukseskan MBS dan KBK. Bandung: Rosdakarya. Naisbitt, John. 1994. Global Paradox, terjemah Budijanto. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara. Paul I, Dressel. 1980. The Autonomy of Public Colleges. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc. Peraturan Pemerintah No.25 Tahun 2000 tentang Kewenangan Pemerintah dan Kewenangan Provinsi sebagai Daerah Otonom. Satori, Djam’an. 1999. Pengembangan Sistem “Quality Assurance” Pada Sekolah, Naskah Akademik Untuk Pusat Pengujian. Jakarta: Balitbang Depdiknas. Slamet et.al. 2001. Manajemen Peningkatan Mutu Berbasis Sekolah (buku 1, 2 dan 3) Konsep dan Pelaksananya. Jakarta : Depdinas Dirjen Dikdasmen. Suyatno. 2001. Penerpan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah. Makalah disajikan pada Colloqium Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Hamka Jakarta 15 Mei 2001 di Jakarta. Thomas L. Wheeler dan J. David Hunger. tt. Strategic Management and Business Pilicy. New Jersey: Upper Saddle iver. Tilaar, H.A.R. 2000. Paradigma Baru Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Wahjosumidjo. 2000. Dasar-Dasar Kepemimpinan dan Komitmen Kepemimpinan Abad XXI. Jakarta: LAN-RI.

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School Based Management and the Nature of Educational Development of Students: Practical Experiences of Public Schools in Sri Lanka

International Journal of Innovative Research and Development ◽

10.24940/ijird/2017/v6/i9/sep17071 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Chandana Kasturiarachchi

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Educational Development ◽

School Based ◽

School Based Management ◽

Practical Experiences ◽

Development Of Students

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SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMENT: SOLUSI ALTERNATIF PENINGKATAN MUTU MANAJEMEN MADRASAH

TARBAWI ◽

10.36781/tarbawi.v2i1.2952 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 26-50

Author(s):

Moh Faizin

Keyword(s):

School Based ◽

School Based Management

Realisasi terhadap desentralisasi pendidikan di tingkat sekolah adalah diberikannya otonomi yang luas dalam pengelolaan sumber daya yang ada. Pemberdayaan sekolah, di samping untuk memenuhi tuntutan desentralisasi, juga ditujukan sebagai sarana peningkatan efisiensi, mutu, dan pemerataan pendidikan. Di Indonesia, bentuk otonomi sekolah tersebut akan dilaksanakan dalam konteks “School Based Management” (SBM), di mana selain memiliki otonomi yang luas, sekolah wajib mengikutsertakan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan, dan pengelolaan sekolah dilakukan dalam kerangka kebijakan nasional. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif-deskriptis yang menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Dan untuk mendapatkan data-datanya, diperlukan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan dalam menganalisa digunakan analisa data SWOT Analisis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) yang mempertimbangkan faktor kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan dihasilkan kesimpulan, pertama School Based Management (SBM) merupakan alternatif yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengelola sekolah/madrasah. Kedua, penerapan SBM pada beberapa sekolah unggulan ternyata amat bervariasi jika dilihat dari sudut strategi pelaksanaan dan hambatan yang dihadapi. Ketiga, hambatan yang dihadapi tersebut dalam melaksanakan SBM meliputi: rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, rendahnya kualitas SDM dan faktor eksternal. Keempat, di samping hal yang dapat menghambat penerapan SBM, ada peluang yaitu SDM yang memadai, dukungan partisipasi masyarakat serta konteks sosial yang cenderung untuk menyekolahkan anaknya di madrasah.

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