Development of thermo-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile (TCMS) lines of wheat characterized by complete male sterility at lower-temperatures and partially restored fertility at higher-temperatures

The breeding and large-scale adoption of hybrid seeds is an important achievement in agriculture. Rice hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic male sterile lines or photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) as female parent. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines are propagated via cross-pollination by corresponding maintainer lines, whereas PTGMS lines are propagated via self-pollination under environmental conditions restoring male fertility. Despite huge successes, both systems have their intrinsic drawbacks. Here, we constructed a rice male sterility system using a nuclear gene named Oryza sativa No Pollen 1 (OsNP1). OsNP1 encodes a putative glucose–methanol–choline oxidoreductase regulating tapetum degeneration and pollen exine formation; it is specifically expressed in the tapetum and miscrospores. The osnp1 mutant plant displays normal vegetative growth but complete male sterility insensitive to environmental conditions. OsNP1 was coupled with an α-amylase gene to devitalize transgenic pollen and the red fluorescence protein (DsRed) gene to mark transgenic seed and transformed into the osnp1 mutant. Self-pollination of the transgenic plant carrying a single hemizygous transgene produced nontransgenic male sterile and transgenic fertile seeds in 1:1 ratio that can be sorted out based on the red fluorescence coded by DsRed. Cross-pollination of the fertile transgenic plants to the nontransgenic male sterile plants propagated the male sterile seeds of high purity. The male sterile line was crossed with ∼1,200 individual rice germplasms available. Approximately 85% of the F1s outperformed their parents in per plant yield, and 10% out-yielded the best local cultivars, indicating that the technology is promising in hybrid rice breeding and production.

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Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system maintainer occurrence and frequency in summer rape

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p99-145 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 587-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Teresio C. Riungu ◽

Peter B. E. McVetty

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽

Key Words ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

No male sterile plants were found in the F1 progeny from crosses between a Diplotaxis muralis cytoplasmic male sterile (mur CMS) semi-winter habit rape (Brassica napus L.) A-line and 101 genetically diverse summer rape cultivars or strains. The frequency of occurrence of mur CMS system maintainer genotypes in summer rape is very low, possibly zero. Key words: Mur CMS system; Brassica napus L.

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High-frequency embryogenesis in male sterile plants of Brassica napus through microspore culture

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b88-229 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 1676-1680 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Phan V. Chuong ◽

K. P. Pauls ◽

W. D. Beversdorf

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Constant Temperature ◽

Oilseed Rape ◽

High Frequency ◽

Microspore Culture ◽

Doubled Haploids ◽

Nuclear Genome ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

Microspores from several Polima cytoplasmic male sterile (Pol-CMS) and Diplotaxis muralis male sterile (Mur-MS) oilseed rape lines were cultured in a modified Nitsch and Nitsch medium in the dark for 4 weeks. High androgenic frequencies were observed in microspore cultures initiated from plants of both male sterile (MS) types. In cultures maintained at a constant temperature (30 °C) 1 or 2% of the microspores from Pol-CMS or Mur-MS lines, respectively, developed into embryos. A greater percentage of the embryos obtained from the Pol-CMS lines were of good quality than those obtained from the Mur-MS lines (25 vs. 5%). Twenty percent of the plants regenerated from embryos of both lines were spontaneous doubled haploids. The results suggest that no unfavorable cytoplasmic–nuclear genome interaction affecting androgenic potential exists in plants exhibiting Polima or Diplotaxis muralis male sterility.

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Floral Morphology and Some Other Characteristics of Iso-genomic Alloplasmics of Nicotianatabacum L.

Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research ◽

10.2478/cttr-2013-0717 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 309-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A Berbec

Keyword(s):

Male Sterility ◽

Floral Morphology ◽

Blue Mold ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽

Common Effect ◽

Male Organ

AbstractCytoplasms of several Nicotiana species - N. amplexicaulis, N. bigelovii, N. debneyi, N. eastii, N. exigua, N. glauca, N. glutinosa, N. goodspeedii, N. knightiana, N. occidentalis, N. plumbaginifolia, N. raimondii, N. suaveolens, N. undulata - were bred into the N. tabacum genomic background of flue cured tobacco cv. Zamojska 4. The collection includes also a cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) analogue of cv. Zamojska 4 with mutated cytoplasm of N. tabacum. Some of the alloplasmics were originally obtained in this laboratory (N. amplexicaulis, N. eastii, N. exigua, N. glauca, N. knightiana, N. raimondii). The remaining ones were acquired from other laboratories and backcrossed into Zamojska 4. All alien cytoplasms except that of N. knightiana produced full male sterility in Zamojska 4. The extent of male organ modifications varied from complete absence of stamens (N. suaveolens, N. tabacum) to petaloid and stigmatoid structures (most common effect) to malformed stamens (N. amplexicaulis, N. glauca) to apparently normal stamens (N. raimondii, N. knightiana). The majority of the alloplasmics showed response to tentoxin that was compatible with the cytoplasm donor. The exceptions were those involving N. exigua, N. raimondii, (N. raimondii I), and the cytoplasmic mutant of N. tabacum. There was some variation in growth and morphology among the alloplasmic variants of Zamojska 4. Under field infestation alloplasmics with the cytoplasm of N. plumbaginifoliaand N. eastiishowed symptoms of blue mold whereas the remaining alloplasmics and cv. Zamojska 4 were highly tolerant of that disease.

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