Characterization of 169 diverse pea germplasm accessions for agronomic performance, Mycosphaerella blight resistance and nutritional profile

The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is responsible for the disease known as late blight in potato and tomato. It is the plant pathogen that has caused the greatest impact on humankind so far and, despite all the studies that have been made, it remains the most important in this crop. In Spain during the last years a greater severity of the disease has been observed in both, potato and tomato, probably due to genetic changes in pathogen populations described recently. The aim of this study was the characterization of the physiological strains of 52 isolates of P. infestans obtained in different potato-growing areas in Spain. For this purpose, inoculations on detached leaves were performed in order to determine compatibility or incompatibility reactions. A total of 17 physiological races were found. The less frequent virulence factors were Avr5 and Avr8. By studying the epidemiology of the pathogen, a specific breeding program for late blight resistance can be implemented.

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Characterization of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene in Wheat Breeding Line KN0816 and its Evaluation in Marker-Assisted Selection

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-21-0896-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenrui Wang ◽

Huagang He ◽

Huiming Gao ◽

Hongxing Xu ◽

Wenyue Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Resistance Gene ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Powdery Mildew Resistance ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Breeding Line ◽

Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene ◽

Mildew Resistance

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease seriously threatening yield and quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n=6x=42, AABBDD). Characterization of resistance genes against powdery mildew is useful in parental selection and for developing disease resistant cultivars. Chinese wheat breeding line KN0816 has superior agronomic performance and resistance to powdery mildew at all growth stages. Genetic analysis using populations of KN0816 crossed with different susceptible parents indicated that a single dominant gene, tentatively designated PmKN0816, conferred seedling resistance to different Bgt isolates. Using a bulked segregant analysis (BSA), PmKN0816 was mapped to the Pm6 interval on chromosome arm 2BL using polymorphic markers linked to the catalogued genes Pm6, Pm52, and Pm64, and flanked by markers CISSR02g-6 and CIT02g-2 both with genetic distances of 0.7 cM. Analysis of closely linked molecular markers indicated that the marker alleles of PmKN0816 differed from those of other powdery mildew resistance genes on 2BL, including Pm6, Pm33, Pm51, Pm64, and PmQ. Based on the genetic and physical locations and response pattern to different Bgt isolates, PmKN0816 is most likely a new powdery mildew resistance gene and confers effective resistance to all the 14 tested Bgt isolates. In view of the elite agronomic performance of KN0816 combined with the resistance, PmKN0816 is expected to become a valuable resistance gene in wheat breeding. To transfer PmKN0816 to different genetic backgrounds using marker-assisted selection (MAS), closely linked markers of PmKN0816 were evaluated and four of them (CIT02g-2, CISSR02g-6, CIT02g-10, and CIT02g-17) were confirmed to be applicable for MAS in different genetic backgrounds.

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Exploration, Collection and Characterization of Kala zeera (Bunium persicum Boiss. Fedtsch.) Germplasm from North-Western Himalayas

10.21203/rs.3.rs-488157/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Anwar Khan ◽

Suhail Altaf ◽

Safoora Shafi ◽

Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽

Waseem Ali Dar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agronomic Traits ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Western Himalayas ◽

Bunium Persicum ◽

The World ◽

Improvement Programs ◽

Exploration Mission ◽

Germplasm Accessions

Abstract Kala zeera (Bunium persicum Boiss. Fedtsch.) is one of the most important spice crop in the world. A set of two hundred fifty two (252) diverse kala zeera germplasm accessions were collected during an exploration mission from hot-spot regions /hills dividing two neighboring countries (India-Pakistan) on line of control (LOC) and hills near line of actual control (LAC) with China. The crop grows wild in its natural habitat mainly in Gurez valley, Tulail, Kashtiwar, Keran, Machil Tangdhar, Machil, Drass, Paddar, Khrew, Char-e-Sharief, Pang, Lahaul spiti, Shaung, Bharmour and Almora hills of Indian Western Himalayas. The germplasm collected has been characterized for morpho-agronomic traits and the analysis of trait data revealed significant variability in number of branches plant-1, number of umbelets umbel-1, number of seeds plant-1, seed yield per plant and 1000 seed weight. The collection and characterization of 252 Kala zeera germplasm accessions can prove useful in future Kala zeera improvement programs in the world as this is first such comprehensive report of the crop from Western Himalayan region of India.

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Agromorphological Characterization of a Collection of Senna obtusifolia (L.) in Burkina Faso

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i1130447 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 26-35

Author(s):

Haoua Nacambo ◽

Kiswendsida Romaric Nanema ◽

Boureima Sawadogo ◽

Mahamadou Sawadogo

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Block Type ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Herbaceous Species ◽

Senna Obtusifolia ◽

Subsaharan Africa ◽

Several Variables

Aims: Senna obtusifolia (L.) is an important wild herbaceous species for subsaharan Africa population. It is used in human food and traditional medicine to treat several deseases. In Burkina Faso, despite its potentialities, this species is of a little interest in scientific research. The aim of this study is to provide a good knowledge of the genetic diversity of this species. Study Design: The experimental design used was a randomized Fischer block type with three replications. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at Gampéla during 2018 rainy season. Methodology: Seventy (70) accessions of Senna obtusifolia were used for the evaluation of agromorphological variability. A total of twenty-seven (27) quantitative traits were studied. Results: The study revealed the existence of a great variability within the studied collection. Among the twenty-one (21) traits used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA), seventeen (17) variables significantly discriminate the accessions. A high heterogeneity was observed for the number of leaflets of the three first leaves and the number of floral pieces. In addition, significant correlations were observed between several variables. Indeed, the number of primary branches was positively correlated with the number of fruits per plant (r = 0.483), the number of grains per plant (r = 0.352) and the leaves biomass (r = 0.279). However, the number of days at flowering (NJF) is negatively correlated with the number of primary branches (r = -0.281). The variability obtained was structured in three groups. The third group is composed of accessions with the best agronomic performance that could be used in future breeding program. Conclusion: A high agromorphological diversity of Senna obtusifolia was observed and could be used in a breeding program.

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